The Antibiotic Effect of Melastoma malabathricum (Bakgi) and

Bauhinia purpurea (Butterfly Tree) Leaves Ethanolic

Extract as Liquid-filled Vegetarian Capsule
against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus:
An in Vitro Study
Introduction
2
 Background of the Study
Bauhinia purpurea
Escherichia and
coli and
Erythromycin
Melastoma mabathricum
Escherichia coli
Staphylococcus aureus
Bauhinia
Resistance
Erythromycin purpurea,
to 10 out
isof 11
Resistance
commonly known
antibiotics of
applied.as
https://www.rpseeds.co.uk/products/bauhinia-purpurea-orchid-tree-seeds
https://www.biocote.com/blog/five-facts-e-coli/

currently
bacteria and
(Oluwasola,F. the most
viruses
et,al)
Butterfly Tree and
important
like E. coli
Staphylococcus
Melastoma macrolide
and S.
aureus
antibiotic.
aureus Itknown
has
on antibiotics
malabathricum,
50 S. aureus isolates
proved
is
showed
as Bakgi to
onea of
high
canbe
the safe,
causes
frequency
both beof
resistance
why there toare
tetracycline
hard to
and
found has an
locally in
and 10 isolates showed
cure
Benguet.diseases
effective therapy.
methicillin resistance.
nowadays.
(Mama,M.et, al.)

3 https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Erythromycin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melastoma_malabathricum
https://www.shutterstock.com/search/staphylococcus
http://mutlucelik.com/index.php/en/

Research Gaps
Only methanol, acetone
and water was used as
solvents for the extraction
of anti microbial
compounds , it has not
been used in other
solvents.
Others studies only
used flower part of
the plant
Interactions
between the
bacterium and its
host that result in
chronic or latent
infection are still
largely undefined. 4
Statement of the
Problem
5
 General Objective

This study primarily aims to determine the Antibiotic

Effect of Butterfly Tree and Bakgi Leaves Ethanolic
Extract as Liquid-filled Vegetarian Capsule against
E.coli and S. aureus.

6
Specific Questions
1. A. What are the phytochemical components of Bauhinia purpurea
(Butterfly Tree) that can be used as antibiotic?
B. What are the phytochemical components of Melastoma
malabathricum (Bakgi) that can be used as antibiotic?

2. Is there a significant difference between the Bauhinia purpurea

(Butterfly Tree) and Melastoma malabathricum (Bakgi) leaves
ethanolic extract as liquid-filled vegetarian capsule and
Erythromycin (positive control) in terms of:
a. Total Suspended Solids (TSS); and
b. Zone of Inhibition
7
Specific Questions
3. What is the significant difference between the effectivity of
the Bauhinia purpurea (Butterfly Tree) and Melastoma
malabathricum (Bakgi) leaves ethanolic extract as liquid-filled
vegetarian capsule and Erythromycin (positive control)?

4. What is the shelf-life of the Bauhinia purpurea (Butterfly Tree)

and Melastoma malabathricum (Bakgi) leaves ethanolic extract
as liquid-filled vegetarian capsule?

8
 Related Literatures
Evaluation of phytochemical analysis and
antibacterial activity of Bauhinia pupurea and Tannins, flavanoids,
Hiptage benghalensis phenols, alkaloids,
Authors: Murugan, M., Mohan, V.R. coumarin and terpenoids

Presence of alkaloids,
Comparative Antibacterial Study in the coumarin, flavanoids,
Leaves of Four Bauhinia species
phenols, tannins, and
Authors: Yeshwanth, M. terpenoids (Sunkar, S. et,
al.)
9
Hypotheses

1. A. Alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, and terpenoids

are the phytochemical components of Bauhinia
purpurea (Butterfly Tree) which can be used as
antibiotic.
B. Alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, and terpenoids
are the phytochemical components of Melastoma
malabathricum (Bakgi) which can be used as
antibiotic.
10
 Related Literatures
Potentials of Melastoma malabathricum Linn. The experiment done in this
Flower and Fruit Extracts as Antimicrobial research also exhibited
Infusions antibacterial activity against
Authors: Omar, S. et, al.
gram-positive and gram-
negative bacteria. (26.7+/-
0.5 mm)

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Bauhinia The antimicrobial activity in

purpurea Leaves Under In Vitro Conditions terms of zones of inhibition
were 18 +/- 0.18 mm both
Authors: Negi B. et,al.
for E. coli and S. aureus.
11
Hypotheses

2. There is a significant difference between the

Bauhinia purpurea (Butterfly Tree) and Melastoma
malabachtricum (Bakgi) leaves ethanolic extract as
liquid-filled vegetarian capsule and Erythromycin
(positive control) in terms of:
a. Total Suspended Solids (TSS); and
b. Zone of Inhibition

12
 Related Literatures

Antimicrobial activity of erythromycin and

clarithromycin against clinical isolates of In case of S. aureus and
Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, resistant found
Klebsiella and Proteus by disc diffusion were 27.78% and
method.
23.54% against
Authors: Khan, N. et, al. erythromycin.

13
Hypotheses

3. The Bauhinia purpurea (Butterfly Tree) and

Melastoma malabachtricum (Bakgi) leaves
ethanolic extract as liquidfilled vegetarian
capsule is more effective compared to that
of Erythromycin (positive control).

14
 Related Literatures

Expiration of capsules
Empty Vegetarian Capsules and Empty
(Tapioca capsule and
Gel Capsules
Vegetable Cellulose
Corporate Author: Capsule Connection capsule) is normally 2
years (minimum).

15
Hypotheses

4. Normally, capsules and tablets lasts up to 2-3

years but pharmacists commonly make
expiration dates on prescriptions about one
(1) year.

16
 Scope and
Delimitations of the
Study
17
 Scope and Delimitations
The study will only focus on using Butterfly Tree, Bakgi and
Erythromycin as capsules against Escherichia coli and
Staphylococcus aureus.

Both bacteria will be ensured to be nonpathogenic bacteria for the

safety of both laboratory personnel and the researchers.

18
Significance of the
Study
19
The results of this study will redound to the benefit of the following:

Local Plant
Growers

Economy Researchers

20
Methodology
21
Phase 1: Gathering of Plants and Materials

Plant Collection and Identification

Test Bacteria

Control and Reagents

22
Phase 2: Extraction Method and Phytochemical
Screening Analysis

Maceration

Evaporation

Filtration

23
 Phase 3: Treatment Preparation
Melastoma malabachtricum Bauhinia Purpurea (Butterfly
Treatments/Replicates
(Bakgi) Leaf Ethanolic Extract Tree) Ethanolic Extract

R1 100% 0%

R2 100% 0%
T1
R3 100% 0%

R1 0% 100%
T2
R2 0% 100%

R3 0% 100%

24
 Melastoma malabachtricum (Bakgi) Bauhinia Purpurea (Butterfly
Treatments/Replicates
Leaf Ethanolic Extract Tree) Ethanolic Extract

R1 25% 75%

R2 25% 75%
T3
R3 25% 75%

R1 50% 50%

R2 50% 50%
T4
R3 50% 50%

R1 75% 25%

R2 75% 25%
T5
R3 75% 25%

T0 – Positive Control 100% Erythromycin

25
Phase 4: Laboratory Testing
A. Antibiotic Testing
A1. Preparation of culture media
A2. Disc Diffusion Method
A3. Bacterial Disposal

https://fineartamerica.com
https://www.abc.net.au
https://www.thermofisher.com
https://www.researchgate.net
https://www.youtube.com
https://www.pinterest.ph 26
 Phase 4: Laboratory Testing

B. Capsule Making and Testing

B1. Encapsulation and Sealing

B2. Total Suspended Solid

(TSS) Test and
Dissolution Method

27
Phase 5: Data Gathering and Analysis

ANOVA
(Analysis of Variance)
Scheffe’s Test
28
 References
Journal
Agarwal, Y.K. (n.d.). Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Bauhinia
purpurea Leaves Underin Vitro Conditions.
Internet Sources
Antibiotic resistance: delaying the inevitable. (n.d.). Retrieved
September 28, 2019, from Understanding Evolution:
https://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/0_0_0/medicine_03

Chow, A., & M.J, G. (2016, April 16). Erythromycin. Retrieved

September 29, 2019, from Science Direct:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0025712516314
432?via%3Dihub
29
 References
Internet Sources
Hodille, E., Rose, W., Diep, B. A., Goutelle, S., Lina, G., &
Dumitrescu, O. (n.d.). The Role of Antibiotics in Modulating Virulence
in Staphylococcus aureus. Retrieved September 28, 2019, from
American Society for Microbiology:
https://cmr.asm.org/content/30/4/887

Mama, M., Teshome, T., & Detamo, J. (2019, April 3). Antibacterial
Activity of Honey against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus:
A Laboratory-Based Experimental Study. Retrieved September 28,
2019, from International Journal for Microbiology:
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijmicro/2019/7686130/
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Thank you for listening!!!
G Marvin Joshua Aluning
R Brilian Godwin Bodoy Devy Jane Cyra Agbayani
O Alexi Andre Galleon Reigne Alzhemer Calderon
U Vince Gerhardt Imperial Samantha Estrada
P Mar Clarence Quinto Liandra Palma
Kiefer John Sanchez
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