WUDHU IS THE RITUAL WASHING PERFORMED BY

MUSLIMS BEFORE PRAYER. MUSLIMS MUST BE

CLEAN AND WEAR GOOD CLOTHES BEFORE THEY
PRESENT THEMSELVES BEFORE ALLAH SWT.
BEFORE WE PERFORM SALAH WE MUST FIRST
PREPARE OURSELVES. THIS PREPARATION INCLUDES
MAKING SURE THAT WE ARE CLEAN FROM ANY
PHYSICAL IMPURITIES AND PERFORMING WUDU.
WUDU (ABLUTION) IS REQUIRED FOR PERFORMING
SALAH. WE CANNOT OFFER OUR SALAH WITHOUT
WUDU.
FIRST MAKING
HERE ARE THE STEPS TO TAKE:
 FIRST, MAKE THE
NIYYAH
(INTENTION) IN
YOUR HEART THAT
THIS ACT OF WUDU
IS FOR THE
PURPOSE OF
PREPARING FOR
SALAH, AND SAY:
"BISMILLAH" (IN
THE NAME OF
ALLAH).
HANDS
THE PROPHET, PEACE BE
UPON HIM, SAID
'CLEANLINESS IS HALF OF
FAITH'. WUDHU IS THE RITUAL
WASHING PERFORMED BY
MUSLIMS BEFORE PRAYER.
MUSLIMS MUST BE CLEAN
AND WEAR GOOD CLOTHES
BEFORE THEY PRESENT
THEMSELVES BEFORE ALLAH.
MUSLIMS START IN THE NAME
OF ALLAH, AND BEGIN BY
WASHING THE RIGHT, AND
THEN THE LEFT HAND THREE
TIMES.
MOUTH
THE
MOUTH IS
THEN
CLEANED
THREE
TIMES
NOSE
WATER IS
BREATHED
IN GENTLY
THROUGH
THE NOSE
THREE
TIMES.
FACE
THE FACE INCLUDES
EVERYTHING FROM THE
TOP OF THE FOREHEAD
TO THE CHIN, AND UP
TO BOTH EARS. THE
FACE IS ONE OF THE
ESSENTIALS IN WUDHU,
AND MUST BE WASHED
AT LEAST ONCE, OR THE
WUDHU IS
INCOMPLETE.
HOWEVER, IT IS
USUALLY WASHED
THREE TIMES.
RIGHT ARM
THE ARMS UP TO THE
ELBOW, AND
INCLUDING THE
HANDS, ARE ONE OF
THE FOUR ESSENTIAL
AREAS THAT NEED TO
BE WASHED. THE
RIGHT ARM IS WASHED
THREE TIMES FIRST.
LEFT ARM
THEN THE LEFT THREE
TIMES.
THERE IS A CERTAIN
RITUAL ORDER IN WHICH
WUDHU IS NORMALLY
PERFORMED, BUT AS LONG
AS MUSLIMS WASH THE
FOUR ESSENTIALS AT
LEAST ONCE, BY TAKING A
SHOWER FOR EXAMPLE, IT
COUNTS
HAIR
WATER FROM WET
HANDS IS PASSED
FROM THE BEGINNING
OF THE HAIRLINE AND
OVER THE HEAD. THIS
IS ONLY DONE ONCE.
THE WIPING OF THE
HAIR IS THE THIRD OF
THE FOUR
COMPULSORY ACTS.
EARS
USING DAMP HANDS, THE BACK
AND INSIDE OF THE EARS ARE
WIPED.

THE PROPHET ALSO SAID "IF

THERE WAS A RIVER AT THE
DOOR OF ANYONE OF YOU AND
HE TOOK A BATH IN IT FIVE
TIMES A DAY WOULD YOU
NOTICE ANY DIRT ON HIM?"
HIS COMPANIONS SAID, "NOT A
TRACE OF DIRT WOULD BE
LEFT." THE PROPHET ADDED,
"THAT IS THE EXAMPLE OF THE
FIVE PRAYERS WITH WHICH
ALLAH BLOTS OUT EVIL
DEEDS." (BUKHARI)
RIGHT FOOT
THE FEET REPRESENT THE
LAST OF THE FOUR
COMPULSORY AREAS OF
WASHING. THE RIGHT FOOT IS
WASHED UP TO THE ANKLES
THREE TIMES.

ALTHOUGH THERE ARE ONLY

FOUR COMPULSORY ACTS OF
WASHING, AND EACH HAS TO
BE WASHED ONLY ONCE,
MUSLIMS FOLLOW THE
EXAMPLE OF THE PROPHET.
HE USUALLY EXTENDED THE
WASHING RITUAL TO ENSURE
CLEANLINESS BEFORE PRAYER,
AND EVEN USED TO BRUSH HIS
TEETH BEFORE EACH PRAYER.
LEFT FOOT
THEN THE LEFT
FOOT UP TO THE
ANKLES THREE
TIMES.
 IS IT OBLIGATORY TO PERFORM MAJOR
RITUAL ABLUTION (GHUSL) BEFORE THE
FRIDAY PRAYER?

 Wudhu does not need to be performed before

every prayer, although this is recommended.
Each wudhu lasts for up to a day when not
travelling, but must be performed again after
going to the toilet, passing wind, bleeding
heavily, contact with excrement, vomiting, falling
asleep, and taking intoxicating substances.
 The major ritual ablution is not an obligation before the Friday prayer, according to most scholars.
Indeed, it is even said that there is scholarly consensus (ijma’) on the matter [that it is not obligatory].
 COMMENTARY:
 Whoever comes to the Friday prayers should [not “must”] perform ghusl, wear two clean garments
(thawb), and put on perfume. There is no disagreement regarding the fact that these things are
recommended. In support of this, there are numerous hadiths attributed to both the Prophet, and to his
Companions. Among these are included a hadith attributed to Salman al-Farsi, who reports that the
Messenger of God , upon him blessings and peace, once said:
 Whoever takes a bath . the major ritual ablution] on Friday should purify himself well; then he should
use the oil he puts in his/her hair, or perfumes himself with the scent of his/her house. Then, he
should proceed to the mosque (for the Friday prayer). There, he should not leave a space between
himself and the person that he prays alongside. He should pray as much as (Allah SWT has) written
for him, and then remain silent, while the Imam delivers the sermon (khutba). [If he does this
correctly] All his/her sins from the previous Friday until that Friday will be forgiven.
 This hadith is included by Bukhari. Yet, performing the major ritual ablution is not obligatory
according to most scholars. Indeed, it is even said that there is scholarly consensus on the matter [that
it is not obligatory]. Ibn ‘Abd al-Bar said: “Muslim scholars, both past and present, agree that the
Friday ghusl is not a matter of obligation”. Ahmad, however, knows another report, to the effect that
a major ritual ablution on Friday is obligatory. Here, his evidence is that the Prophet , upon him
blessings and peace, once remarked that “the Friday ablution (ghusl) is obligatory on each
muhtalim”. This validity of this hadith is recognised by the majority, who base their view [that ghusl
on Friday is recommended] on it. Their evidence [contra that of Ahmad] is another hadith, with a
good chain of transmission (Hasan), narrated by al-Nisa’i and al-Tirmidhi. According to this: “It
suffices to perform wudu’ properly for the Friday prayer, though it is better to take a bath’.
 The Sunnah Acts of Ablution. Whatever acts
done in addition to the obligatory acts of
ablution are deemed desirable are called the
Sunnah acts of ablution; he who observes them
will be rewarded and there will be no blame
upon him who refrains from observing them.
 Ablution will be makruh if we use a great
amount of water when performing wudo.
 Performing ablution will never be HARAM.
RAMADAN, ARABIC RAMAḌĀN, IN ISLAM, THE NINTH
MONTH OF THE MUSLIM CALENDAR AND THE HOLY
MONTH OF FASTING. IT BEGINS AND ENDS WITH THE
APPEARANCE OF THE NEW MOON.

 Islamic tradition states that it was during

Ramadan, on the “Night of Power” (Laylat al-
Qadr)—commemorated on one of the last 10 nights
of Ramadan, usually the 27th night—that God
revealed to the Prophet Muhammad the Qurʾān,
Islam’s holy book, “as a guidance for the people.”
For Muslims Ramadan is a period of introspection,
communal prayer (ṣalāt) in the mosque, and
reading of the Qurʾān. God forgives the past sins of
those who observe the holy month with fasting,
prayer, and faithful intention.
 Ramadan, however, is less a period of atonement
than it is a time for Muslims to practice self-
restraint, in keeping with ṣawm (Arabic: “to
refrain”), one of the pillars of Islam (the five basic
tenets of the Muslim religion). Although ṣawm is
most commonly understood as the obligation to
fast during Ramadan, it is more broadly
interpreted as the obligation to refrain between
dawn and dusk from food, drink, sexual activity,
and all forms of immoral behaviour, including
impure or unkind thoughts. Thus, false words or
bad deeds or intentions are as destructive of a
fast as is eating or drinking. The fast (sawm)
begins at dawn and ends at sunset.
 After the sunset prayer, Muslims gather in their
homes or mosques to break their fast with a meal
called ifṭār that is often shared with friends and
extended family. The ifṭār usually begins with dates,
as was the custom of Muhammad, or apricots and
water or sweetened milk. There are additional
prayers offered at night called the tawarīḥ prayers,
preferably performed in congregation at the mosque.
During these prayers, the entire Qurʾān may be
recited over the course of the month of Ramadan. To
accommodate such acts of worship in the evening,
work hours are adjusted during the day and
sometimes reduced in some Muslim-majority
countries. The Qurʾān indicates that eating and
drinking are permissible only until the “white thread
of light becomes distinguishable from the dark thread
of night at dawn.” Thus, Muslims in some
communities sound drums or ring bells in the
predawn hours to remind others that it is time for the
meal before dawn, called the suḥūr.
 Ṣawm can be invalidated by eating or drinking at the
wrong time, but the lost day can be made up with an extra
day of fasting. For anyone who becomes ill during the
month or for whom travel is required, extra fasting days
may be substituted after Ramadan ends. Volunteering,
performing righteous works, or feeding the poor can be
substituted for fasting if necessary. Able-bodied adults and
older children fast during the daylight hours from dawn to
dusk. Pregnant or nursing women, children, the old, the
weak, travelers on long journeys, and the mentally ill are
all exempt from the requirement of fasting.
 The end of the Ramadan fast is celebrated as Eid al-Fitr,
the “Feast of Fast-Breaking,” which is one of the two major
religious holidays of the Muslim calendar (the other, Eid al-
Adha, marks the end of the hajj, the pilgrimage to Mecca
that all Muslims are expected to perform at least once in
their lives if they are financially and physically able). In
some communities Eid al-Fitr is quite elaborate: children
wear new clothes, women dress in white, special pastries
are baked, gifts are exchanged, the graves of relatives are
visited, and people gather for family meals and to pray in
mosques.
 FASTING IN THE MONTH OF
RAMADHAN IS FARDHU

 Although Muslims fast during other times

of the year, Ramadan is the only time
when fasting, or sawm, is obligatory
during the entire month for every able
Muslim. Ramadan is intended to increase
self-control in all areas, including food,
sleeping, sex and the use of time.
 A wife is a female partner in a continuing marital
relationship.
 The term continues to be applied to a woman who has
separated from her partner, and ceases to be applied to
such a woman only when her marriage has come to an
end, following a legally recognized divorce or the death
of her spouse. On the death of her partner, a wife is
referred to as a widow, but not after she is divorced
from her partner.
 The rights and obligations of a wife in relation to her
partner and her status in the community and in law vary
between cultures and have varied over time.
 WOMEN'S MULTIPLE ROLES

 Asa daughter, a woman is

traditionally responsible for taking
care of her parents. As a wife, she is
expected to serve her husband,
preparing food, clothing and other
personal needs. As a mother, she has to
take care of the children and their
needs, including education
IS IT OBLIGATORY FOR A WOMAN TO
GET MARRIED?

 In Mughni al-Muhtaaj, it says: “(Marriage)

becomes waajib (obligatory) if a person fears
fornication… And it was said that it becomes
obligatory if a person has made a vow (nadhr) to
get married.” Then concerning the ruling with
regard to women: “If she needs to get married,
i.e., she has physical desires, or needs
maintenance, or she is afraid that immoral
people may take advantage of her… it is
preferable (mustahabb) for her to get married,
because this will protect her religion and her
chastity, and she can enjoy what her husband
spends on her, and other advantages.”
 IS A WIFE OBLIGED TO SERVE HER
PARENTS-IN-LAW?

 A woman is expected to show her husband's

parents the respect and kindness that are due
from a dutiful daughter while her husband must
treat his parents with kindness at all times and
under all circumstances. If we say that a woman
is supposed to act in unison with her husband,
then the least she may do is to treat them with
the respect due to a parent. Having said that, I
should add that what we are talking about here
is a genuine attitude manifested in behavior.
Behavior, however, is different from service.
 According to Islam, a woman is not required to
serve her husband's parents. He himself is
required to look after his parents and try as
hard as possible to ensure their comfort
according to his means. This means that if a
woman decides to serve her husband's parents,
in deference to them or out of love for her
husband, she does so voluntarily. Her attitude
should be met with gratitude by her husband
and his parents and her kindness should be
reciprocated. But she violates no Islamic law or
principle if she decides not to serve them. Her
husband may not force or pressure her into
serving them, whether they share the same
house or live separately.
 INTOXICANTS ARE STRICTLY
PROHIBITED
 There has been some debate that alcohol, if
consumed ‘responsibly’ and in limited amounts is
not an intoxicant and therefore acceptable to
consume while remaining inside the limits that
God has decreed in His Quran. Furthermore, it
has been argued that strong language has not
been used in reference to intoxicants and
therefore allows for one to interpret the relevant
verses in favour of a ‘controlled’ consumption as
lawful. As this brief but conclusive analysis shall,
God willing clearly show, these standpoints are
far from correct.
 Khamr (Arabic: ‫( خمر‬is an Arabic word for wine;
(the plural form, Khumūr (Arabic: ‫ خمور‬,(is
defined as alcoholic beverages, liquor). In Islamic
jurisprudence it refers to certain forbidden
substances, and its technical definition depends
on the legal school.

 The Arabic word used for intoxicant is ‘Khamr’

from the root word ‘Khamara’ which means ‘to
cover’. Therefore anything that ‘covers’ the mind
is prohibited. This includes such intoxicants like
marijuana, heroin, cocaine, Hashish and alcohol,
or anything that affects the mind.
 Let us begin by confirming that God does
in fact, consider alcohol an intoxicant.
"And from the fruits of date palms and
grapes you produce intoxicants..." 16:67

 Itmay be helpful at the outset to examine

the uses in the Quran of the word
'abomination' (and its derivatives), and
other words mentioned in conjunction
with it. This should highlight clearly what
nuance God wishes to convey in all verses
that contain these words intended to
specify the limits
 [Quran 4:22] Do not marry the women who were
previously married to your fathers —existing
marriages are exempted and shall not be broken— for
it is a gross offence, and an abominable act."

 [Quran 5:3] ...Also prohibited is dividing the meat

through a game of chance; this is an abomination..."

 [Quran 6:121] Do not eat from that upon which the

name of God has not been mentioned, for it is an
abomination..."

 [Quran 7:80-81] Lot said to his people, 'You commit

such an abomination; no one in the world has done it
before! ... you practice sex with the men, instead of
the women. Indeed you are a transgressing people."

 [Quran 22:30] ...You shall avoid the abomination of

idol worship, and avoid bearing false witness."
 [Quran 49:12] O you who believe, you shall avoid any
suspicion, for even a little bit of suspicion is sinful... ...this
is as abominable as eating the flesh of your dead brother.

 [Quran 2:219] They ask you about intoxicants and

gambling: say, 'In them there is a gross sin, and some
benefits for the people. But their sinfulness far outweighs
their benefit.'

 [Quran 5:90] O you who believe, intoxicants, and gambling,

and the altars of idols, and the games of chance are
abominations of the devil; you shall avoid them, that you
may succeed.

 Instruments. Some Muslims believe that only vocal music

is permissible (halal) and that instruments are forbidden
(haram). Hence there is a strong tradition of a cappella
devotional singing. Yet some Muslims believe that any
instrument is lawful as long as it is used for the
permissible kinds of music.
Prohibition
of
Gambling
 Gambling is the wagering of money or
something of value (referred to as "the stakes")
on an event with an uncertain outcome, with
the primary intent of winning money or
material goods. Gambling thus requires three
elements to be present: consideration (an
amount wagered), risk (chance), and a prize.[1]
The outcome of the wager is often immediate,
such as a single roll of dice, a spin of a roulette
wheel, or a horse crossing the finish line, but
longer time frames are also common, allowing
wagers on the outcome of a future sports
contest or even an entire sports season.
 PROHIBITION OF GAMBLING
 Gambling is one of the fundamental prohibitions in Islamic
finance. Learn what is prohibited gambling and why it is
not permissible and unlawful.

 There are various verses of the Quran and sayings

(ahadith) of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)
which clearly prohibit gambling. In the following, some of
them presented in order to explain the severity of this sin.
 God (Allah) says in Surah al-Maidah:

 O you who believe! Wine, gambling, altars and divining

arrows are filth, made up by Satan. Therefore, refrain from
it, so that you may be successful” (5: 90). Satan wishes only
to plant enmity and malice between you through wine and
gambling, and to prevent you from the remembrance of
Allah and from Salāh. Would you, then, abstain? (5: 91).
WHAT KIND OF ACTIVITIES ARE FALL UNDER
GAMBLING? WHY GAMBLING IS PROHIBITED?

 Gambling is another fundamental prohibition in

Islamic financial system. It’s also known as
Maysir and Qimar in Arabic language. It applies
to every activity in which a person wins or loses
his property by a mere chance. In other words,
it’s a game of pure chance where a person wins at
the expense of the other. In gambling, the winner
does not lawfully earn what he wins from his
opponent and the loser loses his property without
fair compensation. Gambling also includes
betting on horseracing, soccer matches, and
lotteries etc.
 MODERN EXAMPLES OF GAMBLING IN
FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS

 If we look at the practices of conventional financial

institutions and banks, we find the element of gambling
in a number of products and financial transactions. For
instance, conventional insurance is not permissible.
Because, it has elements of riba (interest) and gambling
(qimar). Likewise, public and private sector corporations
sometimes mobilize their resources on the basis of
lottery and draws which are also forms of gambling.
Islamic financial institutions and Islamic banks must
have to avoid from gambling-based products or
transactions and provide Shariah-compliant alternatives
to their clients.
SUBMITTED BY: BAI ALETHEA
SINSUAT BALABARAN

SUBMITTED TO: MR. SALIM

KAMANSA
InIslam, gambling
(Arabic: ‫ ميسر‬,romanized:
maisîr, maysir, maisira
or ‫قمار‬qimâr), is
forbidden (Arabic:
harām).