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Handling Common
Faults and Alarms on
the RTN Network
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11 Reference Documents
Check alarms.
Check key
configurations.
Collect data.
End
1 Yes
Are there any
wrong Perform rollbacks.
operations?
No
2
Are there any Yes
ODU or IF board Handle alarms.
faults?
3
No
Is Tx power
Handle the fault.
normal?
No
4
Yes
Is Rx power lower Handle the fault.
than normal?
No
Yes 5
Fading causes
abnormal Rx power? Handle the fault.
No
6
Yes
Are links faulty
Handle the fault.
unidirectionally?
7 No
No
Locate faults by Go to the next Faults are
performing loopbacks. step. rectified?
Yes
End
Cause 2: The IF working mode of the local site is different from that of the
opposite site.
Cause 3: The operating frequency of the local ODU is different from that of
Handling Procedure
See "Handling Faults of Microwave Links."
the same.
Re-install the alarmed board.
Cause 2: If the ODU reports the alarm, handle the alarm as follows:
Check whether the alarm is caused by other alarms.
Yes Yes
E 1 MLPPP
No
No Any alarms physical-
No
Any alarms on Types of NNI layer
on E1 ports?
the boards? ports alarms
Yes
Yes Handle
alarms.
Reset or
Any alarms No
replace MW
alarmed on IF ports?
boards.
Yes
BTS 1 CES
10G/GE
RTN
RTN STM-1
MPLS
RTN
GE/FE
MPLS Core
BSC
CES network
BTS 2 RTN
RTN
10G/GE
STM-1
RTN
ETH
BTS 3
RTN BSC
Possible Causes
Possible
Possible Causes
Causes
1. Fiber cuts 2. Faulty optical modules 3. Excessive optical attenuation
1.Negotiation
1. Excessive bit errors
fails due are detected
to different at the MAC
working layer.
modes 2. two
at the Lineends.
signals
2.
degrade.
Electrical 3. Fiber
cables, performance
fiber deteriorates.
connections, or opposite4. Optical
units ports are dirty.
are faulty.
RTN STM-1
RTN
GE/FE MPLS Core
MPLS BSC
CES network
BTS 2 RTN
RTN
GE/10GE
STM-1
RTN
ETH
BTS 3
RTN BSC
Possible Causes
Possible
PossibleCauses
Causes
1. Failure in received signals 2. Malfunction of clock extraction modules
1.1.Fiber
Excessive
cuts 2.attenuation
Excessive of
loss
received
on the signals
line 3. Malfunction
2. Unframedofstructure
oppositeof
transmit
signalsunits
from the opposite site 3.
Malfunction of local receive units
Handling Procedure
Cause 3: Fibers are misconnected.
Verify that fibers are connected correctly.
Cause 4: The signals transmitted from the opposite site do not have the frame structure.
Check for the HARD_BAD alarm on the opposite transmit board and clear this alarm immediately if it
is reported.
Cause 5: The local receive board is faulty.
Check for the HARD_BAD alarm on the local receive board and clear this alarm immediately if it is
reported.
BTS 1 CES
GE/10GE
RTN
RTN STM-1
RTN
GE/FE
MPLS MPLS Core
BSC
CES network
BTS 2 RTN
RTN
GE/10GE
STM-1
RTN
ETH
BTS 3
RTN BSC
Possible Causes
Possible Causes
1. E1/T1 services are not received. 2. Fibers on the DDF-side E1/T1 output ports are
Some alarms are reported on the opposite site.
disconnected or loosely connected. 3. Fibers on local E1/T1 output ports are
disconnected or loosely connected. 4. A certain board is faulty. 5. The electrical cable is
faulty.
Handling Procedure
Cause 3: The opposite equipment is faulty.
Perform a self-loop for the alarmed channel on the DDF side. If the alarm clears, the opposite
equipment is faulty and the fault needs to be rectified.
Cause 4: The electrical cable is faulty.
Perform a self-loop for the alarmed channel on the DDF side. If the alarm persists, perform a self-loop
for the alarmed channel on the interface board side. If the alarm clears, the E1 cable is faulty and
needs to be replaced.
Cause 5: The alarmed board is faulty.
Perform a self-loop for the alarmed channel on the interface board side. If the alarm persists, set an
inloop for the alarmed channel on the NMS. If the alarm clears, the interface board is faulty and
needs to be replaced.
Handling Procedure
Cause 3: The local receive power is lower than the lower threshold.
Verify that the bending radius of the pigtail on the local site is no smaller than 6 cm. If the alarm
persists, use proper optical attenuators and correctly connect the local optical module. If the
alarm persists, replace the optical module and clean the fiber connectors at the two ends.
Cause 4: The receive board is faulty.
Check whether the processing board and cross-connect board on the local site report any
hardware-related alarms such as HARD_BAD and TEMP_OVER. If yes, replace the boards
that report hardware-related alarms.
1
Yes
Any equipment Handle alarms.
alarms?
No
2
Any pointer Yes Handle pointer
justifications? justifications.
No SDH optical 3
interface boards Handle RS errors on
SDH optical interface
boards.
STM-1 electrical 5
No boards Handle RS errors on
STM-1 electrical
interface boards.
6
Any alarms or events
Yes
Handle MS errors
related to MS errors or
HOP errors? and HOP errors.
No
7
Any alarms Yes
related to LOP Handle LOP errors.
errors?
No
End
There are only lower order path 1. The PDH service processing board or Ethernet service processing board
(LOP) errors. is faulty.
2. The cross-connect board is faulty.
3. The PDH service processing board or Ethernet service processing board
has over high working temperature.
4. The working temperature on the cross-connect board is over high.
5. Unstable power supply, incorrect grounding, or external interference exists.
5. Handle the RS errors 1. Check for the MW_FEC_UNCOR and RPS_INDI alarms.
on the IF board. 2. If any of these alarms is reported, clear the alarm immediately.
3. If none of these alarms is reported, replace the IF board.
5. Handle the RS errors on the 1. Exchange the electrical cables in the receive and transmit directions. If errors change
STM-1 electrical interface board. after the exchange, the electrical cables are faulty or the equipment at the two ends is
faulty.
2. Check whether the electrical cables are grounded properly and whether the cable
connectors and cables are damaged.
3. If the equipment at the two ends is faulty, locate the fault by performing loopbacks on
electrical ports. If the fault persists after a loopback is performed on a site, the line board
on the site is faulty.
4. If the equipment at the two ends is faulty, replace the alarmed board or exchange the
slots of the alarmed board and anther working SDH electrical interface board. If the
alarm is still reported by the alarmed board, the alarmed board is faulty.
6. Handle the MS errors and HOP 1. Perform a loopback on the alarmed board.
errors. 2. If the alarm persists, replace the alarmed board.
3. If the alarm clears, replace the transmit line board, which corresponds to the alarmed
board.
4. If the alarm persists after board replacement, check for unstable power supply, improper
grounding, and external interference on the SDH electrical interface board.
Handling Procedure
Cause 1: The number of E1 signals is different on both ends of a microwave link.
Cause 2: The AM enabling is different on both ends of a microwave link.
Cause 3: The IEEE 1588 overhead enabling is different on both ends of a microwave link.
Cause 4: The modulation mode is different on both ends of a microwave link.
Cause 5: The channel spacing is different on both ends of a microwave link.
Determine the possible cause of the alarm according to the alarm parameters. Then, check the configuration on both ends of
the microwave link. Ensure that the configuration is the same on both ends of the microwave link.
HARD_BAD, Yes
TEMP_OVER, Board hardware errors
Reset/Reseat/
BUS_ERR, or or inter-board
communication failure Replace boards.
COMMUN_FAIL
occurs?
No
No
Yes No
Troubleshoot Troubleshoot the
MPLS_TUNNEL_LO Tunnel faults
physical links. opposite equipment.
CV occurs?
No
Yes Loss of No
SYNC_C_LOS or Troubleshoot Troubleshoot the
synchronization
LTI occurs? clock faults. opposite equipment.
clock
No
No Faults are
rectified?
Yes
COMMUN_FAIL
T_ALOS
UP_E1_AIS or DOWN_E1_AIS
MPLS_TUNNEL_LOCV
SYNC_C_LOS or LTI
Cause 1: The board carrying CES services cannot work properly due to hardware errors, over-
high temperature, or inter-board communication failure.
Cause 2: The signal transmitted to the processing board or interface board is lost or degrades.
Cause 3: The tunnel or PW carrying CES services is interrupted.
Cause 4: On the NE, the priority of synchronization clock source is lost, or the synchronization
clock source is lost.
Cause 5: On the PW carrying CES services, the number of lost packets, errored packets, or
jitters within a time unit crosses the threshold.
Possible Causes
Cause 1: Clock synchronization cannot be performed.
Cause 2: Link quality deteriorates, causing more jitters.
Cause 3: The size of buffer area is set to a low value.
Cause 4: There are too many hops of microwave link on the network side, which generates a large number of jitters.
Handling Procedure
Cause 1: Clock synchronization cannot be performed.
On the NMS, check whether the LTI or other clock alarms are reported. If yes, clear these alarms.
Cause 2: Link quality deteriorates, causing more jitters.
Check whether the alarmed port also reports IN_PWR_ABN or TEM_HA. If yes, clear the IN_PWR_ABN or TEM_HA alarm immediately.
Cause 3: The size of buffer area is set to a low value.
On the NMS, increase the size of buffer area if possible.
Cause 4: There are too many hops of microwave link on the network side, which generates a large number of jitters.
Reduce the number of hops on the network side.
Possible Causes
Cause 1: Clock synchronization cannot be performed.
Cause 2: Parameter settings are different at the two ends of CES services.
Cause 3: The tunnel or PW carrying CES services is congested.
Cause 4: The link signal deteriorates or is interrupted due to a fault of cables, optical fibers, or optical modules.
Handling Procedure
Cause 1: Clock synchronization cannot be performed.
On the NMS, check whether the LTI or other clock alarms are reported. If yes, clear these alarms.
Cause 2: Parameter settings are different at the two ends of CES services.
Modify the parameter settings to the same.
Cause 3: The tunnel or PW carrying CES services is congested.
On the NMS, check whether the bandwidth configured for the tunnel or PW is too low and whether the QoS parameters are set properly.
If the bandwidth and QoS settings cannot meet the requirements of CES services, increase the bandwidth, replan the service trail, and
change QoS settings.
Cause 4: The link signal deteriorates or is interrupted due to a fault of cables, optical fibers, or optical modules.
Verify that electrical cables and fibers are correctly connected to the ports. Clean the fiber connectors and optical modules. If the alarm
persists, replace the cables, fibers, or optical modules that may be faulty.
Possible Causes
Cause 1: Parameters of CES services are set incorrectly.
Cause 2: The tunnel or PW carrying CES services is congested.
Cause 3: The link signal deteriorates or is interrupted due to a fault of cables, optical fibers, or optical modules.
Handling Procedure
Cause 1: Parameters of CES services are set incorrectly.
Modify the incorrect parameter settings on the NMS.
Cause 2: The tunnel or PW carrying CES services is congested.
On the NMS, check whether the bandwidth configured for the tunnel or PW is too low and whether the QoS parameters are
set properly. If the bandwidth and QoS settings cannot meet the requirements of CES services, increase the bandwidth,
replan the service trail, and change QoS settings.
Cause 3: The link signal deteriorates or is interrupted due to a fault of cables, optical fibers, or optical modules.
Verify that electrical cables and fibers are correctly connected to the ports. Clean the fiber connectors and optical modules.
If the alarm persists, replace the cables, fibers, or optical modules that may be faulty.
Possible Causes
Cause 1: Clock synchronization cannot be performed.
Cause 2: The tunnel or PW carrying CES services is congested.
Cause 3: The link signal deteriorates or is interrupted due to a fault of cables, optical fibers, or optical modules.
Handling Procedure
Cause 1: Clock synchronization cannot be performed.
On the NMS, check whether the LTI or other clock alarms are reported. If yes, clear these alarms.
Cause 2: The tunnel or PW carrying CES services is congested.
On the NMS, check whether the bandwidth configured for the tunnel or PW is too low and whether the QoS parameters are
set properly. If the bandwidth and QoS settings cannot meet the requirements of CES services, increase the bandwidth,
replan the service trail, and change QoS settings.
Cause 3: The link signal deteriorates or is interrupted due to a fault of cables, optical fibers, or optical modules.
Verify that electrical cables and fibers are correctly connected to the ports. Clean the fiber connectors and optical modules.
If the alarm persists, replace the cables, fibers, or optical modules that may be faulty.
Handling Procedure
Cause 1: Parameter settings are different at the two ends of CES services.
Modify the parameter settings to the same.
Cause 2: Fibers or cables are connected incorrectly.
Reconnect the fibers or cables correctly.
HARD_BAD,
TEMP_OVER, Yes Board hardware errors Reset/Reseat/
BUS_ERR, or or inter-board
Replace boards.
COMMUN_FAIL communication failure
occurs?
No
No
No
Yes
LOOP_AL Loopbacks on Release
M occurs? ports loopbacks.
No
No Faults are
rectified?
Yes
COMMUN_FAIL
ETH_LOS, ETH_LINK_DOWN, ETH_AUTO_LINK_DOWN, or
LOOP_ALM
LASER_SHUT or LSR_WILL_DIE
LSR_WILL_DIE
FLOW_OVER
Cause 1: The board carrying ETH services cannot work properly due to hardware errors,
over-high temperature, or inter-board communication failure.
Cause 2: The signal is lost in the receive direction.
Cause 3: Negotiation between Ethernet ports fails due to incorrect connections on Ethernet
ports.
Cause 4: Loopbacks are performed for Ethernet ports.
Cause 5: Traffic limit on Ethernet ports is set to a low value or parameter settings are
different on source and sink ports.
Perform
TraceRoute tests.
Start link-layer
detection.
Common Symptoms
MPLS tunnels cannot be created, and therefore services cannot be provisioned.
MPLS tunnels are faulty, causing service interruption.
Protection switching fails, causing service interruption, packet loss, or bit errors.
Common Causes
Cause 1: Cross-connections cannot be created.
Cause 2: The physical links carrying the tunnels are faulty.
Cause 3: Protection switching fails.
Handling Procedure
Cause 1: The ingress node on the tunnel stops transmitting CV/FFD packets.
1. Check whether the settings of detection mode and detection packet type are consistent on the two ends. If not, make
consistent settings.
2. Check the parameter of CV/FFD status on the ingress node. If the CV/FFD status is disabled, change it to enabled.
Cause 2: The physical link carrying the tunnel is faulty.
On the NMS, check whether the egress node reports the HARD_BAD, ETH_LOS, or ETH_LINK_DOWN alarm. If yes, clear
this alarm.
Handling Procedure
Cause: The upstream NE detects that the tunnel at the physical layer is faulty
On the physical link between the local NE and its upstream NE, check for the faults
such as fiber cuts, failure in optical modules, and board failure. Rectify the fault if any.
Common Symptoms
1. PWs cannot be created, and therefore services cannot be provisioned.
2. PWs are faulty, causing service interruption, packet loss, or bit errors.
Common Causes
Cause 1: The physical link carrying the PW is faulty.
Cause 2: Cross-connections of PWs cannot be created.
Cause 3: The tunnels carrying PWs are faulty.
Possible Causes
Cause: A small number of packets are lost on the PW.
Handling Procedure
Cause 1: A small number of packets are lost on the PW.
Check whether any service ports on the PW are congested. If yes, replan the trail of
services or increase the bandwidth of congested ports.
Possible Causes
Cause 1: SNCP switching fails because the NE software version mismatches the board
software version.
Cause 2: The working and protection channels of an SNCP protection group fail.
Cause 3: TU_AIS insertion upon E1_AIS is not provided (for OptiX RTN 600 V100R005 and
OptiX RTN 900 V100R002C01 and later versions).
No
Yes
Fibers or cables Reconnect
No are connected
fibers or cables.
incorrectly?
Yes
No Enable APS
APS protocol is
enabled on both protocol on both
ends? ends.
Yes
Yes
Hardware Rectify board
alarms occur? hardware faults.
No
Yes
Clock alarms Troubleshoot
occur? clocks.
No
Yes
Tunnel-level alarms Troubleshoot the
occur on the protection protection channel.
channel?
No
Faults are
rectified?
Yes
Contact Huawei
End
engineers.
ETH_APS_SWITCH_FAIL
ETH_APS_TYPE_MISMATCH
MPLS_TUNNEL_MISMERGE
MPLS_TUNNEL_MISMATCH
MPLS_TUNNEL_Excess
MPLS_TUNNEL_SD
MPLS_TUNNEL_SF
MPLS_TUNNEL_UNKNOWN
Cause 1: The settings of the APS protection group differ between the two ends.
Cause 2: The APS protection group is deactivated.
Cause 3: Fibers or cables are connected incorrectly.
Cause 4: APS frames cannot be transmitted because hardware-related alarms occur
on the board that carries the protection channel.
Cause 5: The system reports clock alarms.
Cause 6: The working tunnel or protection tunnel is faulty.
Cause 1: The settings of the APS protection group differ between the two ends.
Check for the ETH_APS_PATH_MISMATCH and ETH_APS_TYPE_MISMATCH alarms.
If any of them is reported, handle the alarm.
Cause 2: The APS protection group is deactivated.
Check for the ETH_APS_LOST and ETH_APS_SWITCH_FAIL alarms. If any of them is
reported, handle the alarm.
Cause 3: Fibers or cables are connected incorrectly.
Reconnect the fibers or cables.
Cause 2: The settings of the APS protection group differ between the two ends.
Handling Procedure
Cause 1: The opposite NE is not configured with APS protection.
On the NMS, check whether the opposite NE is configured with APS protection. If the opposite NE is configured
with APS protection, create a matching APS protection group on the opposite NE and activate the APS protocol.
Cause 2: The settings of the APS protection group differ between the two ends.
On the NMS, check whether the settings of the APS protection group are the same at the two ends. If the settings
differ between the two ends, change them to the same.
Cause 3: The APS protection group is deactivated.
Check whether the APS protocol is activated at both ends. If the APS protocol is deactivated at one end,
deactivate the APS protocol at the other end and then activate the APS protocol at both ends.
Cause 4: The service on the protection channel is interrupted.
Check whether the protection channel reports an alarm related to signal loss or signal degrade, such as
ETH_LOS. If yes, clear the alarm immediately.
LOOP_ALM
ETH_LOS
ETH_LINK_DOWN
Cause 1: The NEs at the two ends of the LAG are incorrectly configured.
Cause 2: The working mode of the member ports in the LAG is set to half-
duplex.
Cause 3: The loopback is configured on the member ports in the LAG.
Cause 4: The connections of the member ports in the LAG are faulty or lost.
Handling Procedure
Cause 1: The clock configuration is incorrect.
Query the clock synchronization status and check whether the data in the clock source
priority list meets the network planning requirement.
Cause 2: All the clock sources in the clock source priority list fail.
Troubleshoot the synchronization sources based on the clock source priority list. If the
synchronization source is an external clock, handle the EXT_SYNC_LOS alarm; if the
synchronization source is a line clock, handle the alarm that occurs on the line board; if the
synchronization source is an IF clock, handle the alarm that occurs on the IF board; if the
synchronization source is a tributary clock, handle the alarm that occurs on the tributary
board; if the synchronization source is an Ethernet clock, handle the alarm that occurs on
the Ethernet board.
11 Reference Documents
The RADIO_TSL_LOW is an alarm indicating that the microwave transmit power is too low.
Possible Causes
Cause 1: The ODU is faulty.
Cause 2: The signals from the IF board to the ODU are abnormal.
Handling Procedure
Cause 1: The ODU is faulty.
Perform a cold reset on the ODU and check whether the alarm clears. If the alarm persists, replace the
ODU.
Cause 2: The signals from the IF board to the ODU are abnormal.
Perform a cold reset on the IF board and check whether the alarm clears. If the alarm persists, replace the
IF board.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 134
Handling Common Alarms (15)
The TEMP_OVER is an alarm indicating that the operating temperature of the board crosses the threshold.
Possible Causes
Cause 1: The ambient temperature is very high or very low due to a fault in the cooler or heater equipment.
Cause 2: The configuration of the upper and lower thresholds of the temperature alarm is not proper.
Cause 3: The fan stops working or the air filter is too dusty.
Cause 4: The alarmed board is faulty.
Handling Procedure
Cause 1: The ambient temperature is very high or very low due to a fault in the cooler or heater equipment.
Check whether the ambient temperature is higher than 45ºC or lower than 0ºC. If the temperature is abnormal,
check whether the cooler or heater equipment is faulty. Troubleshoot the equipment fault first.
Cause 2: The configuration of the upper and lower thresholds of the temperature alarm is not proper.
Check the current operating temperature of the board and the configuration of the upper and lower temperature
thresholds. In addition, check whether the configuration is proper according to actual requirements. If the
configuration is not proper, modify the configuration.
Cause 3: The fan stops working or the air filter is too dusty.
Check whether the FAN_FAIL alarm occurs. If yes, clear the alarm first. Check whether the air filter is covered with
dust, which impedes heat dissipation. You can feel the wind and the temperature of the wind at the air outlet. If heat
dissipation is impeded due to the dusty air filter, remove the air filter and clean it.
Cause 4: The alarmed board is faulty.
Check whether the alarmed board reports other hardware alarms such as HARD_BAD. If yes, replace the alarmed
board.
Fault Symptoms
An IF board reported an LPUAS performance event but did not report a lower
order alarm.
Cause Analysis
The IF board and line board were configured with cross-connections but the
services that the line board carried were not completely cut over. As a result, the
value of the V5 byte carried in the lower order channel was 0 and accordingly the
IF board reported an LPUAS event.
It was found that the reporting status of LP_UNEQ alarms was set to DISABLE.
Therefore, LP_UNEQ alarms could not be reported. In addition, LP_REI, LP_RDI,
LP_TIM, LP_RFI, BIP_EXC, and BIP_SD alarms could not also be reported
because they were suppressed by LP_UNEQ alarms.
Solutions
Set the reporting status of LP_UNEQ alarms to ENABLE.
Fault Symptoms
On a new OptiX RTN network, NE01, NE02, and NE03 formed a chain. A user could log in to NE03 from
NE02 but could not log in to NE03 from NE01.
Cause Analysis
Possible cause 1: NE03 has a hardware fault, causing a DCN communication failure.
Possible cause 2: The network configuration is incorrect.
Handling Procedure
(1) Queried NE03's adjacent routes and found that the NE IDs of NE01 and NE02 were displayed.
(2) Performed a reset on NE03 and found that the fault persisted.
(3) Checked NE03 on site, and found that one optical port of the EG2 board was connected to NE02 and
another optical port of the EG2 board was connected to NE04.
(4) Logged in to NE04 and found that the NE ID of NE04 was the same as that of NE01.
(5) Changed the NE ID of NE04 to a unique value on the network. Then, logged in to NE03 from NE01.
The login was successful.
BTS
NE01 NE04
10GE
NE02 NE03
Handling Procedure
(1) Connected a BER tester to NE01 and set an inloop at one 2 Mbit/s port of NE04. The BER tester detected a
large number of bit errors.
(2) Configured a static ARP entry at NE03 with the MAC address being the egress port of NE03 and the IP address
being NE04, and created a tunnel whose egress label was the same as its ingress label between NE03 and NE04.
(3) Set an outloop at the network-side port of NE04. Then, on NE03, set an inloop at the network-side port that was
connected to NE04. In both cases, the BER tester detected bit errors.
(4) On NE03, set an outloop at the network-side port that was connected to NE02 and found that no bit error
occurred. Therefore, it was inferred that NE03 malfunctioned.
(5) On NE03, replaced the 10GE line board that was connected to NE02.
Handling Procedure
(1) Suspected that the clock configuration of NE01 was incorrect because NE01 did not report an
alarm.
(2) Queried the clock source priority lists of NE01 and NE02, and found that NE01 traced the line
clock from optical port 1 on the EG2 board in slot 1 (of NE01) and NE02 traced the line clock from
optical port 1 on the EG2 board in slot 2 (of NE02). The two optical ports were directly
interconnected. As a result, the clock signals traced by NE01 and NE02 formed a loop, resulting in
clock quality deterioration and large clock frequency deviations on the NodeBs connected to NE01.
(3) Changed the clock source of NE01 according to the NE planning table.
(2) Analyzed the distribution of the affected NEs and found that all interrupted services were
first converged to an NE and then backhauled to the BSC.
(3) Found that an ARP entry was frequently and automatically added and deleted on the
convergence NE. Changed the ARP entry to a static entry. Then, the tunnel alarms cleared
and some services were restored.
(4) Checked the configurations of the convergence NE, and found that the NE was configured
with multiple tunnels and that the next-hop IP address of the port was set to a value same as
the next-hop IP address of the convergence port. The incorrect settings caused abnormal
ARP learning and further interrupted tunnel services.
(5) Deleted incorrectly configured services and tunnels, and re-configured services and
tunnels according to the network planning document. The services were normal even after the
static ARP entry was deleted.
11 Reference Documents
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