BEARINGS - Harish P

WHAT IS BEARINGS

It is a device that
support load and
reduces the
friction of motion
between machine
parts
BEARING PARTS
CLASSIFICATION OF BEARINGS
Plain or slider bearing
Rolling contact bearing
PLAIN OR SLIDER BEARING
In which the rotating shaft has a sliding contact with the bearing
which is held stationary
Due to large contact area friction between mating parts is
requiring greater lubrication
TYPES OF MATERIAL USED
Metals and Alloys Non – Metal
Bronze Wood
Cast iron Rubber
Steel Plastics
Silver
Copper based alloys
Aluminium based material
TYPES OF SLIDING CONTACT BEARING
 JOURNAL BEARING
In this bearing the bearing pressure is
exerted at right angles to the axis of
the shaft
This type bearing is used for
supporting radial load
Shaft are generally made of mild
steel
 FOOT STEP BEARING
In this bearing the
bearing pressure is
exerted parallel to the
shaft whose axis is
vertical
Note that in this case the
end of the shaft within the
bearing
 COLLAR BEARING
It is mainly used horizontal which
carry a large axial force
Thrust bearings are used in bevel
mountings, propeller, turbines, Etc.,
It also known as thrust bearings
SLIDING CONTACT BEARING
Advantages
Slider bearing are cheap to
produce and have noiseless
operation
They can be easily have
machined and have vibration
damping properties
Disadvantages
They require large supply of
lubricating oil
They are suitable only for
relative low temperature and
speed
ANTI-FRICTION (OR) ROLLING CONTACT
BEARING
Using rolling element between moving parts
Due to less contact area rolling friction is much lesser than the
sliding friction
Hence these bearings are also known as anti-friction bearing
LOADS ON THE BEARINGS
TYPES OF ROLLING CONTACT BEARING
Ball bearing Roller bearing
BALL BEARINGS
This is one type of rolling element bearing which used balls to
maintain the separation between the moving parts of the bearing
The purpose of a ball bearing is to reduce rotational friction and
support axial and radial loads
ROLLER BEARINGS
Roller bearing use cylinder of greater length than diameter
It is typically have higher radial load capacity than ball bearing
But in low axial capacity and higher friction
MATERIAL USED FOR ANTI- FRICTION
BEARINGS
Races and rolling elements are high carbon chrome steel(to provide
resistance to wear) machined and highly polished and hardened
The cages are made of Low-Carbon steel,
TYPES OF BALL BEARINGS
Deep grove ball bearing
Angular contact bearing
Thrust bearing
 DEEP GROOVE BALL BEARINGS
Primarily radial load carrying
Deep groove radial bearing is one in which the
race dimensions are close to the dimension of
the ball that run in it
DEEP GROOVE BALL BEARINGS
Double row deep groove Single row deep groove
ANGULAR CONTACT BALL BEARINGS
It better support combined
loads
The angle of contact on inner
race is the same as that on the
outer race
Contact angle 10 to 45
ANGULAR CONTACT BALL BEARINGS
Double row Single row
THRUST BALL BEARINGS
It is particular type of rotary bearing
Like other rotary bearings they permit
rotation between parts
But they are designed to support a high
axial load while doing this
TYPES OF ROLLER BEARINGS
Needle
Tapered
cylindrical
NEEDLE BEARING
Use long and thin cylinder
The greater the contact area the
greater the load
Support radial load
 TAPERED ROLLER BEARING
Support high combine loads(Wheel
bearing)
Wheel rotates with little
resistance/friction
Noiseless
CYLINDRICAL ROLLER BEARING
Use thick and long cylinder
Roller bearings typically have higher
load capacity than ball bearings
The bearing capacity often drops
quickly compared to either a ball
bearing
APPLICATION
Tapered roller bearing:
 It can take both radial and axial loads and used for gearboxes for heavy
trucks, Bevel-gear transmission, Lathe spindles, etc.,
Thrust ball bearing:
 It is used for heavy axial loads and low speeds
Needle roller bearing:
 It use small diameter of rollers.
 They used for radial load at slow speed
 They have advantage of light weight and occupy small space
 They are used in aircraft industry, Bench-drill spindles, etc.,
MOUNTINGS
Around 16% of all premature bearing failures are a result of poor
fitting or using incorrect mounting techniques
Individual applications may require mechanical, heat or hydraulic
mounting methods for correct and efficient bearing mounting
Selecting the mounting technique appropriate for your application
will help you extend your bearing’s service life and reduce costs
resulting from premature bearing failure
METHODS OF MOUNTINGS
Cold condition:
Small and medium size bearing are generally cold
mounted
Traditionally the bearing is mounted using hammer and a
length of old pipe
This practice can cause forces to be transmitted through
the rolling elements, Causing damage to raceways
Proper fitting tools help prevent bearing damage by
applying the forces to the bearing ring with the
Interference fit
METHODS OF MOUNTINGS
Hot condition:
Oil baths are often used for heating bearings prior to mounting.
However, this method can contaminate the bearing, resulting in
premature bearing failure.
Today, Induction heating is the most common technique for heating
bearings since it allows a high degree of controllability, efficiency
and safety
DISMOUNTING
When dismounting bearing, care must be taken not to damage
other machine components, such as shaft or housing
As damage can result in compromising the machine’s efficiency and
lifetime.
Bearings are sometimes dismounted to maintain or replace other
components of the machine.
These bearings are often re-used.
Individual applications may require mechanical, heat or hydraulic
dismounting methods and tools to allow safe, correct and efficient
bearing dismounting
DISMOUNTING METHODS
Mechanical technique
Heating technique
Hydraulic technique
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Bearings are selected from catalogue, before referring to
catalogue you should know the followings:
Bearing load – radial, axial or both
Shaft Axial

Bearing life

Radial
Bearing speed(RPM)
Accuracy
REFERENCES
www.bocabearings.com
www.evolution.skf.com
www.bearings.com
www.bardenbearings.com
www.ceramicbearings.com
www.skf.com
www.bsahome.org/tools/index.shtml
THANK YOU - Harish P