Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Geoffrey E. Mills
Mills
Action Research: A Guide for the Teacher Researcher, 5e 6-1
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
WEEK 16
Mills
Action Research: A Guide for the Teacher Researcher, 5e 6-2
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Ongoing Analysis & Reflection
Mills
Action Research: A Guide for the Teacher Researcher, 5e 6-3
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Analysis & Interpretation
Data analysis
summary of data
technique determined by type of
data
Data interpretation
finding meaning in the data
Mills
Action Research: A Guide for the Teacher Researcher, 5e 6-4
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Organizing Qualitative Data
Reading/Memoing
record initial thoughts
Describing
include context, actions,
interactions
Classifying
develop themes
Mills
Action Research: A Guide for the Teacher Researcher, 5e 6-5
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Data Analysis Techniques
Identify themes
work inductively
Code surveys, interviews,
questionnaires
try to find patterns, meaning
Analyze interviews
annotate and identify themes
Ask key questions
Mills
Action Research: A Guide for the Teacher Researcher, 5e 6-6
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Data Analysis Techniques
Organizational review
vision & mission, goals & objectives,
structure of organization, operation,
problems, issues, & concerns
Develop a concept map
Analyze antecedents, consequences
identify causal relations
Mills
Action Research: A Guide for the Teacher Researcher, 5e 6-7
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Data Analysis Techniques
Concept map
Mills
Action Research: A Guide for the Teacher Researcher, 5e 6-8
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Data Analysis Techniques
Display findings
matrixes, charts, concept maps,
graphs, figures, audiovisual media
State what’s missing
avoid making unwarranted assertions
Mills
Action Research: A Guide for the Teacher Researcher, 5e 6-9
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Choosing Analysis Software
Are you analyzing large amounts of
data?
Are you adequately trained?
Do you have resources to purchase
a program?
Do you plan to capture specific
quotes from a large database?
Mills
Action Research: A Guide for the Teacher Researcher, 5e 6-10
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Computer Software for Data
Analysis
Handy, extremely fast labeling &
retrieval tools
NVivo 9.0
complex data
The Ethnograph v6
text files
HyperRESEARCH 3.0
text, graphics, audio, video
Mills
Action Research: A Guide for the Teacher Researcher, 5e 6-11
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Preparing Quantitative Data
for Analysis
Scoring procedures
Tabulation and Coding Procedures
Mills
Action Research: A Guide for the Teacher Researcher, 5e 6-12
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Analyzing & Interpreting
Quantitative Data
Descriptive statistics
shorthand way of giving lots of
information about a range of
numbers
count what counts!
be careful not to over interpret
Mills
Action Research: A Guide for the Teacher Researcher, 5e 6-13
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Analyzing & Interpreting
Quantitative Data
Descriptive statistics
central tendency
mean (average)
median (middle)
mode (most frequent)
variability
standard deviation (spread)
Mills
Action Research: A Guide for the Teacher Researcher, 5e 6-14
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Analysis in Mixed Methods
Designs
Types of Mixed Examples of Data Analysis and Data
Methods Designs Interpretation Techniques
Triangulation Quantify qualitative data coding and assigning a
number to a code and counting the number times
(quantitative and
qualitative data are it occurs. Quantitative data are descriptively
collected analyzed for frequency of occurrence. The two
data sets are compared.
simultaneously)
Explanatory Follow up on outliers. Quantitative data is
(quantitative data is collected and outliers (extreme cases) identified.
collected first followed Qualitative data is then collected on the outliers
to increase understanding of these cases.
by qualitative data)
Exploratory Qualitative data is collected and analyzed and
themes identified. The themes are used as the
(qualitative data is
basis for identifying, or developing, an instrument
collected first followed
that can be administered to collect quantitative
by quantitative data)
data to measure the identified themes.
Mills
Action Research: A Guide for the Teacher Researcher, 5e 6-15
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Qualitative Data
Interpretation
Extend the analysis
raise questions
note implications that might be
drawn, without actually drawing them
Connect findings with personal
experience
Seek advice of “critical” friends
take time to build relationships
Mills
Action Research: A Guide for the Teacher Researcher, 5e 6-16
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Qualitative Data
Interpretation
Contextualize findings in literature
Turn to theory
link to broader issues
search for abstraction
provide rationale, sense of meaning
Know when to say “when”
if you don’t feel comfortable offering
an interpretation, don’t!
Mills
Action Research: A Guide for the Teacher Researcher, 5e 6-17
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Sharing Interpretations Wisely
Connect interpretations closely to
data and analysis
Avoid being evangelical
Mills
Action Research: A Guide for the Teacher Researcher, 5e 6-18
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.