DIRECT

PROPORTIONS
What is direct proportion?
• Two quantities are directly
proportional if an increase in one
quantity corresponds to a constant
increase in the other quantity, or if a
decrease in one quantity
corresponds to a constant decrease
in the other quantity.
 If x varies
directly as y, and
x = 9 when y = 6,
find x when y =
15.
Find the constant Find x.
• y = kx 𝟐
• 15 = 𝐱
𝟑
• 6 = 9k
• Type equation
𝟔 𝟗𝒌
• = here.
𝟗 𝟗
𝟐
• =k
𝟑
PROBLEM SOLVING
Example 1
The number of cars c produced
by the plant in a month is directly
proportional to the number of
machines m that are deployed in
the plant. Suppose that the plant
produces 12 cars in a month when
there are 3 machines.
1. Express the relationship
between c and m as an
equation. What is the constant
of proportionality?
c = km; c = 12, m = 3, k = ?
12 = k(3)
𝟏𝟐 𝒌𝟑
=
𝟑 𝟑
4=k
2. How many cars will be
produced if there are four
machines?

c = 4 (4)
=16
3. How many machines will be
needed to produce 20 cars per
month?

20 = 4m
𝟐𝟎 𝟒𝒎
=
𝟒 𝟒
5=m
Example 2
Hooke’s Law for an elastic
spring states that the distance a
spring stretches varies directly as
the force applied. If a force of 160
newtons stretches a spring 5 cm,
how much will a force of 368
newtons stretch the same spring?
Formula: d = kf

• 5 = 160k
𝟓 𝟏𝟔𝟎𝒌
=
𝟏𝟔𝟎 𝟏𝟔𝟎
𝟏
=k
𝟑𝟐
𝟏
•d = 𝟑𝟔𝟖
𝟑𝟐
𝟐𝟑
•d = ≈ 11.5 cm
𝟐
ANSWER THE
FOLLOWING
1. You have found that a good
ratio of pizzas to people is 1:3.
You are having a party and there
will be 12 people there. How many
pizzas do you need for the party?
2. A farmers has enough feeds for
72 ducks for 14 days. If he sells 16
ducks, how long will the feeds
last?
3. 50 persons can consume a
certain amount of food in 2
months, how many months can
30 persons consume the same
amount of food?
4. Chris earned P. 5,000.00 in 20
days, how much will he earn in
30 days?
5. The population of a certain
species of bacteria varies
directly with the temperature.
When the temperature is 35
degrees Celsius, there are 7
million bacteria. How many
millions of bacteria are there
when the temperature is 38
degrees Celsius.