Constitution of Biak

na Bato
Emilio aguinaldo established his headquartersi in biak-na –bato in the province
of Bulacan.
 Expulsion of the friars and the return of the friar lands to
the filipinos
 Representation in the Spanish Cortes
 Freedom of the press and of religion
 Abolition of the government’s power to banish filipinos
 Equality for all before the law

In July 1897, Aguinaldo established the biak

na bato republic; and issued a proclamating
stating the following demands:
THE COSTITUTION OF BIAK NA BATO
 Constitution based on the Cuban Constitution
 Drafted by Felix Ferrer and Isabelo Artacho
 Signed on November 1,1897
 The constitution provided a:
 SUPREME COUNCIL

EMILIO AGUINALDO MARIANO TRIAS

PRESIDENT VICE-PRESIDENT


EMILIO AGUINALDO GOV.GEN.PRIMO DE

VERA

PEDRO PATERNO
VOLUNTEERED TO ACT AS NEGOTIATOR

TO END THE CLASHES BETWEEN

FILIPINOS AND SPANIARDS…
 A CEASEFIRE WAS DECLARED BY
BOTH CAMPS AND AN AGREEMENT
BETWEEN AGUINALDO AND THE
SPANISH FORCES WAS MADE.
 MALOLOS
constitution
the first Philippine Republic
 EMILIO AGUINALDO

Emilio Aguinaldo was a Filipino

Revolutionary , politician and military leader
who is officially recognized as the first and
the youngest President of the Philippines
and first President of a constitutional
republic in Asia.
INTRODUCTION AND DICTATORIAL
GOVERNMENT
 Aguinaldo was proclaimed as the President of the
Philippine Republic in Malolos .
 Aguinaldo established the Dictatorial Government
in May 1898 to show the capacity of Filipinos for
self-government , and a month later, the
Revolutionary Government.
 Different departments were created for the division
of duties of the new government.
 In September , the Congress was convoked at
Malolos and a constitution prepared to guide the
government in its progress towards republicanism.
 December 1898, Treaty of Paris , the United
Stated decided to take over the Philippines.
THE DICTATORIAL
GOVERNMENT
 Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista- Aguinaldos first
adviser, who also told him to form a dictatorial
government.
 May 24, 1898-Aguinaldo issued a decree formally
establishing the dictatorial government which
nullified the order under authority.
 May 29, 1898 – one of the Aguinaldo’s first act
as a dictator is urging the people to stop the
disgraceful treatment of Spanish.
 Apolinario Mabini – adviser of Aguinaldo. He is
called a dark chamber of the president and the
Brains of Revolution.
Branches of Government

 Legislative – it is a power to elect the president

and the chief justice of the supreme court.
 Executive – he was head of the state and was
the duly elected by the legislative.
 Judiciary – the judicial power was vested in the
supreme court and all other lower court provide
by law.
Malolos Congress
 July 21 ,1899 – Aguinaldo finally promulgated
the constitution.
 These are the high ranking officials of Malolos
Congress:
 President – Pedro A. Paterno
 V-president- Benito Legarda
 1st Secretary – Gregoria Araneta
 2nd Secretary - Pablo Ocampo
 They formulated Cabinets as follows:
 Apolinario Mabini – President of the Cabinet and
secretary of foreign affairs.
 Teodoro Sandico – Secretary of Interior
 Baldemero Aguinaldo – Secretary of War
 Mariano Trias - Secretary of Finance
 Gracio Gonzaga – Secretary of Welfare
 Theyappointed also a diplomatic
negotiators in various countries:
TREATY OF PARIS
 Was signed on December 10, 1898.
 Protocol of peace signed by 5 American
commisioners namely( Cushman Davis, William
P. Frye, Whitelaw Reid, George Gray, and
William R. Day.) and 5 spanish commisioners
( Chairman Eugenio Montero Rios,
Bueneventura Abarzuza, Jose de Garnica,
Wenceslao Ramirez de Villa Urrutia, General
Rafael Cerero)