FATS

• Concentrated source of energy in our diet.

• There are both visible and invisible fats.

FUNCTIONS OF FAT
There are six Major functions of fats:
Source of energy : Fats are richest source as one gram of fat gives 9 Kcal
of energy.
Carrier of fat Some fat soluble vitamins like A, D, E and K need fat for
soluble vitamins their absorption.
Insulation The layer of fat under the skin helps in maintaining body
temperature.
Protection Acts as cushion to important organs.
Protects them from shock and external injuries.
Palatability Makes food tasty and palatable
Satiety value Takes longer time to digest. Therefore, gives us a feeling
of fullness and satisfaction
 Sources

• Oils extracted from oil seeds and nuts as:

• Groundnut Soybean
Vegetable • Mustard Cotton seed
Sources • Sesame coconut

• Milk, egg yolk

• Fats like ghee, butter, cream, fish liver oils are some
Animal
of the fats of animal origin
Sources
 Effects of deficiency and Excess on
Body

Fats affect the body when either they are deficient or excess.
Deficiency of fat: . Causes lack of energy.
. Leads to underweight, tiredness and
reduced work efficiency.
. Deficiency of vitamins like A, D, E and K.

Excess of fat:
. Leads to overweight.
.Can cause diseases like heart disease and
high blood pressure.
 Water

• Abundantly distributed nutrient in our body.

• Constitutes about two-third of our total body weight.
• Present in every cell of body tissue.
• Gives structure to cell and participate in metabolic activities.
• Important to maintain our body temperature.
• Acts as medium in which body substances can dissolve and thus be
transported to different tissues for metabolic activities.
• Main component of urine.
• Protects from external shock and injuries.

Take plenty of water daily in any form

to prevent dehydration.
 Iron
• Required in very small amounts by the body.
• Therefore, also known as “Trace element”.

Sources of Iron

• Other
sources
are:

Whole grain cereals;

Green leafy
contribute a major share Egg yolk
vegetables
 Liver Meat

Jaggery

Jaggery, though a sweetener, is also good source of

iron. Hence, we should prefer jaggery to sweeten our
foods.
 Functions of Iron
• Plays a major role in synthesis of hemoglobin.
• This hemoglobin carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and
carbon-dioxide back from the tissues to the lungs.
Iron makes your blood red and healthy

Effect of deficiency of Iron

• Leads to anemia; most commonly seen in children and women of reproductive
age.
• Working capacity decreases due to insufficient supply of oxygen to the tissues.
• Person becomes lethargic, breathless very soon and gets tired easily.
• Person appears pale.
All these symptoms are due to lack of production of
hemoglobin.
 Iodine
• Important constituent of thyroid hormone “thyroxine”.
• Deficiency leads to Goitre.
• There is an enlargement of thyroid gland in the neck region.
• Person becomes inactive and also puts on weight.
Goitre
Sources

• Present in soil where it is taken up by plants.

• Therefore, if the soil is rich in iodine, crops
grown on it are good source of iodine. Soil rich in iodine
• Sea-foods are very rich source of iodine.
• Government has launched National
Programme of producing and distributing
Iodized Salt.
Iodized salt