OCCUPATIONAL STRESS, COPING MECHANISMS

AND JOB PERFORMANCE

OF WOMAN DISTRICT ENGINEERS IN THE
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS
VENUS SALINAS TORIO
the problem
CHAPTER 1
“Occupational stress is any discomfort which
is felt and perceived at a personal level and
triggered by instances, events or situations
that are too intense and frequent in nature so
as to exceed a person’s coping capabilities
and resources to handle adequately ”

- Malta, 2004
Pressure at work is both positive and negative

According to WHO, stress is a worldwide “epidemic”

Workplace stress has a negative impact on employees and business

Coping strategy is a plan of action that one follows either in anticipation of encountering a stressor
of a direct response to stress as it occurs
Engineering profession is known as a field usually dominated by men. Engineering remains one of
the most self-segregated occupations in the United States with women representing about fifteen
percent of the overall engineering workforce
Women Engineers in managerial position is an issue on Gender and Development.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

statement of
the purpose of this study is to determine the level of job
performance, level of stress and coping mechanisms of
the women engineers of Department of Public Works and
Highways (DPWH) in Region I.

the problem
the study shall answer the following questions
Question 1 Question 2 Question 3
What are the personal and What is the level of job What is the extent of occupational
professional attributes of the performance of the DPWH women stress experienced by the DPWH
DPWH women engineers with engineers when categorized women engineers alongside the
regards to: according to their position and following sources/nature of stress:
• Personal specific work units? • Work Content
o age, o job content;
o civil status, o workload and workspace;
o household income o working hours; and
• Professional o participation and control
o years in service; • Work Context
o tenure; o career development status
o highest educational and pay;
attainment; o interpersonal relationships
o position; with peers, superiors and
subordinates;
o home-work interface; and
o organizational culture
the study shall answer the following questions

Question 4 Question 5 Question 6

Is there a significant relationship Is there a significant relationship What is the extent of effectiveness of
between the women engineers between the extent of stress various coping mechanisms adopted
personal and professional attributes experienced by the DPWH women by DPWH women engineers such
and extent of stress experienced? engineers and their job performance? as:
• seeking outside support;
• self-controlling;
• accepting responsibility;
• escape avoidance;
• positive reappraisal; and
• self- distancing
the study shall answer the following questions

Question 7 Question 8

Is there a significant relationship in the extent of Is there a significant relationship between the extent
occupational stress experienced by the DPWH of stress experienced and the extent of effectiveness
women engineers when compared across their of the coping mechanisms adopted by DPWH
coping mechanisms? women engineers ?
 research
There is a significant difference between the extent of stress
experienced by DPWH women engineers across their
profile variables.

There is a significant relationship between the extent of stress

experienced and the job performance level of the DPWH women
engineers.

There a significant relationship between the extent of stress research hypotheses

experienced and the extent of effectiveness of the coping
mechanisms adopted by the women engineers will be stated in their
null form and will be

hypothesis tested at the 0.05

level of significance
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
DPWH authorities
basis and reference in the
formulation of policies and
guidelines in instituting
helpful measures to correct
and minimize the
occurrence of workplace
stress thus, leading to
quality and productivity in
their respective jobs.
DPWH employees
Awareness and better
perspective on occupational
stress.
DPWH clients
have a better perspective in
understanding the
uniqueness of the nature of
the job of women engineers
officials and personnel when
it comes to the performance
of their official functions and
duties.
FOCUS
the job performance, level of
stress and coping
mechanisms of the women
engineers who are officials
and employees of the
Department of Public Works
and Highways in Region 1.
SCOPE AND DELIMITATION
RESPONDENTS OTHERS
all the women engineers of different types of stresses
the DPWH Offices in the felt by the respondents in
entire Region I. relation to their jobs and the
causes of these work-
related stress within the last
two years of their stay with
the DPWH and the coping
mechanisms adopted by
them, as well as the level of
stress experienced by the
respondents in relation to
their attributes
 review of related
literature and studies
CHAPTER 2
 related
On job performance

Different types of performance

Determinants of performance

Occupational/work stress

Theories of stress

Psychological stress: the Lazarus Theory research hypotheses

Stress-related hazards
will be stated in their
null form and will be
Work Content

literature tested at the 0.05

level of significance
 related
Work context

Effect of work/occupational stress

What are the causes of job stress?

Approach to job stress

Job conditions that may lead to stress

Stress health and productivity research hypotheses

Preventing burnout
will be stated in their
null form and will be
Stress causes and possible solutions

literature tested at the 0.05

level of significance
 related
Coping mechanisms

Social support

Physical stamina

Humor

Vacation

Foreign studies

Local studies

studies
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

four major groups

global adaptation
of occupational
system and “good”
stressors
stress

homeostasis or theory on stress stress-strain-health

equilibrium in the overload and its relationships
human body. negative effects
CONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORK
research methodology
CHAPTER 3
 research
The descriptive comparative method will be employed when
discussing and analyzing the personal-professional attributes
of the respondents, the extent of seriousness of their incurred
stressors categorized into: a) stress emanating from work content
and b) stress emanating from work context, and the extent of
effectiveness of their coping mechanisms adopted.
Descriptive associational method will be used to establish the
relationship between the respondents’ extent of seriousness of
incurred stressors and their work performance qualified in terms research hypotheses
of the performance ratings. Likewise, the extent of effectiveness
of the coping mechanisms will be tested as to its relationship on
will be stated in their
the extent of seriousness of the adopted coping mechanisms. null form and will be

design tested at the 0.05

level of significance
respondents
of the study
The respondents of this study will include all the women
engineers of the Department of Public Works and
Highways in the four provinces of Region I. It will be
making use of the total population of all women
engineers
 RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

the questionnaire will be

divided into three (3) major
actual performance
respondents’ parts: a) Part I deals on the
personal and professional evaluation results
experienced
attributes of the respondents, of the DPWH
stressors and
b) Part II deals on the extent of women engineers
coping mechanism
seriousness of the incurred during the fiscal
adopted.
stressors and c) Part III deals year 2017 and
PRIMARY DATA 2018
on the extent of effectiveness
SECONDARY
of the coping mechanisms
adapted. DATA
QUESTIONNAIR
E
 STATISTICAL TREATMENT
Problem 1 Problem 2 Problem 3
The profile of the respondents will be The level of job performance of the The extent of seriousness of the
described qualitatively, that is using DPWH women engineers will be DPWH women engineers
frequency counts, percentages and determined thru a secondary data experienced stressors will be
mean. analysis of the results of their qualified in terms of the average
performance evaluation ratings for weighted mean. It will be interpreted
the two immediate past two years: as:
2017 and 2018.

The value scale will be computed by

multiplying the number of frequencies
by the assigned numerical value of
each column, adding the products
along the rows and dividing the final
sum by the number of replies to the
specific items.
 STATISTICAL TREATMENT
Problem 4 Problem 5
The significance of the relationships The significance of the relationship
between the employees’ personal between the extent of seriousness of
and professional attributes to their the personnel’s experienced
extent of seriousness of incurred stressors to their level of
stressors will be determined using performance will be determined using
the t-test and F-test (Analysis of the F-test (Analysis of Variance)
Variance)
Problem 6
The extent of effectiveness of the
various coping mechanisms adopted
by the DPWH women engineers for
job the stressors will be qualified in terms
of the average weighted mean. The
AWM value will be described in terms
of the scale mean, interpreted as
follows:
 STATISTICAL TREATMENT
Problem 7
To determine the relationship between the DPWH
women engineer’s job performance and extent of
effectiveness of coping mechanisms adopted, the
Pearson Product Moment Coefficient of Correlation
will be used.
Problem 8
The significance of the relationship between stress
experienced and coping mechanisms adopted by
the DPWH women engineers using the F-test
(Analysis of Variance).
Thanks!
Any questions?