Tri Jalmo

Program Studi Pend. Biologi FKIP Unila

 SENSORY INPUT

INTEGRATION
Sensory receptor

MOTOR OUTPUT

Brain and spinal cord

Effector
Peripheral nervous Central nervous
system (PNS) system (CNS)
 Sinapsis
 Mrpkn hubungan antara sel sel saraf dengan sel
lainnya
 Jenis: aksodendritik, aksosomatik, aksoaksonik
 Jika benjolan sinaps tereksitasi tetapi tidak
menimbulkan potensial aksi pada akson maka
neuron tsb mengalami fasilitasi, neuron lebih mudah
dieksitasi oleh rangsang berikutnya. Contoh: terjadi
pd orang yang “nervous
 Sinapsis
Eksitasi dan Inhibisi
• Rangsang menyebabkan depolarisasi lokal
ujung postsinaps disebut potensial eksitasi
postsinaps (excitatory post synatic
potential/EPSP)
• Rangsang menyebabkan hiperpolarisasi lokal
pd ujung postsinaps disebut potensial
penghambatan postsinaps (inhibitatory post
synaptic potensial/IPSP)
 Dendrites

Cell body

Nucleus
Synapse
Signal
Axon direction
Axon hillock

Presynaptic cell Postsynaptic cell

Myelin sheath

Axon
terminals

Campbell 48.5
Saltatory Conduction

Marieb 11.16
Freeman 45-
17a
Sinapsis
 SENDING 1
NEURON
Action
Axon of Vesicles potential
sending
arrives
neuron Synaptic
knob SYNAPSE

2
3
Vesicle fuses with
plasma membrane Neurotransmitter
is released into
synaptic cleft

SYNAPTIC
CLEFT
4
Receiving
neuron Neuro-
transmitter
RECEIVING Neurotransmitter binds to
NEURON
Ion channels molecules receptor

Neurotransmitter Neurotransmitter broken

Receptor down and released

Ions

5 Ion channel opens 6 Ion channel closes Figure 28.6

Eksitasi Inhibisi
Neurotransmitter
Eksitasi Inhibisi
 Asetilkolin  Gamma aminobutirat
 Norepinefrin (GABA)
 Glutamat  Glidin
 Zat P  Dopamin
 Enkefalin-enkefalin dan  Serotin
endorfin-endorfin
 Jumlah Impuls keluaran

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100

1
Normal

2
Caffein

3
Hypnotics

4
Anesthetics

5
6 Strychinine

Acidosis
7

Alkalosis
Efek Obat terhadap keadaan fisiologik kepekaan neuron