Unit 11 Drawing Reading

Part ⅠIllustrated Words and Concepts

Figure 11-1 Three View Drawing (Orthographic Projection)
Figure 11-2 Three View Drawing of a House
Figure 11-3 Drawing for Exercise
Part Ⅱ Passages
Passage A Three View Drawing
Passage B Reading a Set of Blueprints
 Unit 11 Drawing Reading

Part Ⅰ Illustrated Words and Concepts

Figure 11-1 Three View Drawing (Orthographic Projection)

Projection lines are used to develop a three view drawing.
 Unit 11 Drawing Reading

Part Ⅰ Illustrated Words and Concepts

Figure 11-2 Three View Drawing of a House

 Unit 11 Drawing Reading

Part Ⅰ Illustrated Words and Concepts

Figure 11-3 Drawing for Exercise

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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage A

Three View Drawing
Pictorial drawings have great advantages for
people not trained in blueprint reading and are a great
help to those who want to learn this skill. However, the
time spent in making pictorial drawings which would
show the information necessary to build the house
would be prohibitively expensive. The drawings would
also be too complex to read.
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage A

Three view drawings (or orthographic
projection) are used almost universally in every field of
architecture and engineering to make graphical
representations of the jobs to be done. When looking at
an object to be drawn the person viewing it must
imagine he or she is looking through a transparent
plane. Lines are projected from every corner of the
object to record the exact image on the plane.
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage A

See Figure 11-1(A). Three planes are generally
sufficient to show all of the details of most objects.
Figure 11-1(B) shows the planes as though they were
part of a hinged box. Projection lines are extended to
give the exact shapes of the top (the plan view of the
roof), front, and side views of the house. The viewer
imagines that he or she unfolds the planes into a flat
position as shown in Figure 11-1(C).
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage A

The projection lines between views serve to
show how the various points and lines are related. It is
important that this idea of the way views are related be
understood from the beginning.
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage A

Figure 11-2 shows how all of the views of the
exterior of a house, including the roof plan, would be
related if they were arranged to appear on the same
sheet of paper. (The floor plan is drawn in order to give
an idea of room arrangement but is now drawn in
relation to the other views in this figure.)
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage A

The plan view in architectural drawing is a view
seen by looking down vertically toward an object or, in
other words, the view which is derived by projecting
lines vertically upward to form an image on an
imaginary horizontal plane. In Figure 11-1(B), 11-1(C),
Figure 11-2(B), and Figure 11-2(C), the plan view is
that of the roof. Usually the plan views referred to are
floor plan views.
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage A

The architect when drawing a set of working
drawings usually draws the floor plan first. Elevations
are drawn on separate sheets for convenience. The
architect is very careful to transfer all of the information
about windows, doors and other exterior building
features from the floor plan view to the elevation views.
In effect, lines are projected from one view to another.
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage A

Figure 11-2 shows the elevation views
designated as Front, Left Side, Right Side, and Rear.
This is accepted procedure particularly for stock plans
which can be adapted for use on a lot facing in any
direction. When a building is to be placed on a specific
lot, it is more usual to give the compass directions:
north, south, east, and west. The north elevation is the
elevation facing north (not the direction a person faces
to see that side of the house).
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage A

In Figure 11-2 plane and elevation views are
related by projection. Note how the projection lines
connect the parts of one view to another. If the views in
Figure 11-2(C) were brought together following the
projection lines, a three dimensional house would be
formed as in Figure 11-2(A).
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage B

Reading a Set of Blueprints
The task of reading blueprints is a means
toward an end. Tradespeople read prints so they may
follow them in building the structure exactly as intended
by the architect. A keen understanding of every detail
of the blueprints helps them plan work so they may use
their time and the material to the greatest advantage.
The building of any house is a challenge,
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage B

but it is a particular delight when the house is
well planned. The tradesperson shares in the pride of
creating something beautiful and useful.
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage B

There are several ways to study a set of
blueprints. In general however the best procedure is to
study the blueprints with the purpose of a)
understanding the floor plans and b) gaining an idea of
what the house will look like. After a preliminary viewing
of the plans as a whole, each sheet should be studied
in detail.
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage B

The logical starting point is the front entry on the
Upper Level Floor Plan (Sheet 2).The living room,
dining room, and master bedroom are arranged to be
accessible yet private. The kitchen is placed so as to be
the center of activity and control. It is open to the patio
on one side and to the family room on the other side
with a view through the family room windows to the
play-court beyond. Stairs ascend to Bedrooms 1 and 2
and Bathroom 2,which are one-half story above the
other rooms shown on this sheet.
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage B

Lower Level Floor Plan (Sheet 1), is the other
floor plan. Stairs descend from the family room to the
level of Bedrooms 3 and 4. These rooms are directly
below Bedroom 1 and Bathroom 2. Stairs descend
again to the basement level. The basement extends to
the north end of the house. Utility, storage, and laundry
areas are located on this lower level.
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage B

The East and West Elevations, Sheet 3, and the
North and South Elevations, Sheet 4, give views of the
exterior. The general character of the house is
contemporary. Casement windows are used with
interesting vertical panel treatment. Large sliding glass
doors with wood frames serve for light, ventilation, and
access from the patio to the living room,
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage B

dining room, and kitchen. This open
arrangement is conducive to modern indoor-outdoor
living. The roof slope is relatively low. Even though one
part of the house extends almost two stories above the
grade, the whole house appears to be built low to the
ground.
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage B

The Longitudinal Section, Sheet 5, is a view of
an imaginary slice taken from end to end near the
center of the house. It shows everything in section form
which the cutting plane slices, and also shows what is
seen beyond the part which is cut away. Thus details of
construction of the foundation, columns, joists, beam,
and rafters are revealed.
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage B

Also the walls, doors, doorways, and openings,
which would appear if the near part were removed, are
indicated in their relative positions. The longitudinal
section shows how the four levels of the house are
arranged. Beginning at the basement, each floor level
is 1370 mm higher than the one below it.
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage B

Upper Level Floor Plan, Sheet 2
The entry gives direct access to the living room
,family room, and master bedroom. Daylight is provided
by fixed glass sidelights at the front entrance door. The
entry has an all-weather floor of slate. A generous coat
closet is provided which has louvered bi-fold doors.
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage B

A pocket door may be used to close off the
family room when required. Exterior and interior lighting
are controlled from a convenient location near the front
entrance door.
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage B

The master bedroom is provided with casement
windows on two walls for ventilation and view. The
windows are not drawn with the usual conventional
symbol because all of the windows in the house are
alike and are shown on Sheet 6.A triple closet with
louvered bi-fold doors extends long the west wall.
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage B

The closets in this and the other bedrooms
provide ample storage space. Because of their
placement they serve to suppress noise from the
adjacent rooms. The bathroom has a counter type
lavatory. Ventilation in all of the bathrooms is provided
by fans.
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage B

The living room and dining room are arranged
with a folding door-wall so that they can become one
large room or be divided for privacy. The sliding glass
doors, used in the place of windows, extend from the
floor to a height of 2 030 mm. They open on to the patio
and provide an atmosphere of indoor-outdoor living. A
parquet floor adds interest. A parquet floor is made of
strips of wood flooring glued to form tiles. They are laid
in an alternating checkerboard fashion.
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage B

The kitchen is compact with cabinets and
equipment arranged on each side of the room in
corridor fashion. An open feeling of the outdoors is
created by the large glass doors opening on the patio.
Artificial light is provided by a suspended luminous
ceiling. The kitchen is provided with a pass-through
opening to the dining room. This room is in close
proximity to the playroom and the bedrooms and thus
serves as the control centre of the house.
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Part Ⅱ Passages Passage B

The family room is located so as to be
accessible to the play court, to the kitchen, and to the
bedrooms. It has a durable floor of vinyl.
Bedroom 1 and Bathroom 2 are adequate for
children. Ample closets, ventilation, and wall space are
provided. The bathroom is located between the two
rooms. Note that the wall which contains the plumbing
is 140 mm thick.