Weld Joint Geometry and

Welding Symbols

Types of welds
Groove welds
Types of Welds
 Numerous welds can be applied to the various types of
joints
 Considerations when choosing joint geometry and weld
types:
 accessibility to the joint for welding
 type of welding process being used
 suitability to the structural design
 cost of welding
Types of Welds
 There are nine categories of welds
associated with weld symbols
 Groove welds
 Fillet Welds
 Plug or Slot welds
 Stud welds
 Spot or projection welds
 Seam welds
 Back Or Backing welds
 Surfacing welds
 Flange Welds
Groove Welds

 A groove weld is “ a weld made in a groove between

the work pieces”
 There are eight types of groove welds
 Square-groove
 Scarf
 V-groove
 Bevel-groove
 U-groove
 J-groove
 Flare-v-groove
 Flare-bevel-groove
 Groove Welds
Square and double square-groove welds

 Square-groove welds are the most economical

to use, but are limited by thickness of the
members
 Welds for one side are normally limited to a 1/4
inch or less
 Groove Welds
V-and double V-groove welds

•With thicker materials joint accessibility

must be provided for welding to ensure weld
soundness and strength
 Bevel- and double-bevel-groove
welds

 Bevel- and J- groove welds are more difficult to

weld than V- or U- groove welds
 Bevel welds are easier in horizontal
 Types of Welds
U-groove and Double U-groove

 Welds in using J- and U-

grooves can be used to
minimize weld metal
 These welds are very
useful in thicker sections
Groove Welds
J-and double-J-groove welds
 J-groove are more
difficult to weld
because of the one
vertical side (except
in horizontal)
 J-and U- are used
when economic
factors outweigh the
cost of edge
preparation
 Groove Welds
flare-bevel and flare-v-groove welds

 Flare -bevel and

flare-v-groove welds
are used in
connection with
flanged or rounded
member
Groove Welds
Scarf
 Scarf is used for
brazing
Groove Welds
 Their names imply what the actual
configurations look like when viewed in a
cross section
 Single groove welds are welded from only
one side
 Double groove welds are welded on both
sides
 Groove welds in many combinations are used
selection is influenced by accessibility,
economy, adaptation to structural design