WORK AS A DOT

PRODUCT
WORK AS A DOT PRODUCT
One way of multiplying two vectors A and B is
by dot product or scalar product.
Written as A•B, is defined as
A•B = AB cosѲ
where,
A and B are the magnitudes
Ѳ is the angle between them
 Work is defined as the dot product of force F
and displacement d in the direction of the force.
W = F•d = FdcosѲ
 The cosine of an angle has a maximum value of
1; cosine of 0 is equal to 1.
The maximum work is done by a force when Ѳ
is 0.
When Ѳ is 900, no work is done.
 When Ѳ is greater than 900, the computed work
will be negative.

A negative work means that the force is acting

in a direction opposite that of motion.
SAMPLE PROBLEM
A 25 N block is being pushed up on a plane
inclined at an angle of 300 with the horizontal by a 46
N force F applied parallel to the plane. The block
moves 3.0 m up the inclined plane. How much work is
done on the block by FN
(a) Gravitational force
(b) Force
fk
(c) Friction force F wcosѲ
Ѳ g
(d) Normal force.
The coefficient of kinetic friction µk is 0.2.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
The mother pushes her 30,000g grocery cart
by a force of 225 N inclined at an angle of 600 with
the horizontal through a distance of 7.5 m. Find the
work done by
(a) the 225 N force and
(b) friction.
Assume that the coefficient of kinetic friction is
0.32.
 SOLVE THE PROBLEM
Steve exerts a steady force of magnitude 210
N on the stalled car as he pushes it a distance of 18
m. The car also has a flat tire, so to make the car
track straight, Steve must push at an angle of 300
to the direction of motion. (a) How much work does
Steve do? (b) In a helpful mood, Steve pushes a
second stalled car with a steady force F = (160 N)i –
(40 N)j. The displacement of the car is d= (14 m)i +
(11 m)j. How much work does Steve do in this case?
ASSIGNMENT
1.) A crate is moved 2 m along a horizontal floor at a
constant speed by a force of 50 N which makes an angle
of 300 above the horizontal. How much work is done on
the crate by the force?
2.) A 200-g object is dragged 50 cm upward with a uniform
velocity along a plane inclined 300 with the horizontal by
a force parallel to the incline. The coefficient of kinetic
friction between the object and the plane is 0.25.
(a) How much work is done by the applied force?
(b) What is the total work done on the object by the
different forces acting on it?
1.) A crate is moved 2 m along a horizontal floor at a
constant speed by a force of 50 N which makes an angle
of 300 above the horizontal. How much work is done on
the crate by the force?
2. The mother pushes her 30,000g grocery cart by a
force of 250 N inclined at an angle of 650 with the
horizontal through a distance of 2000 cm. Find the work
done by (a) the applied force and (b) friction.
Assume that the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.25.
3.) A 200-g object is dragged 50 cm upward with a
uniform velocity along a plane inclined 300 with the
horizontal by a force parallel to the incline. The
coefficient of kinetic friction between the object and
the plane is 0.25.How much work is done by the
applied force?