PROJECT

MANAGEMEN
T
CONTENTS
1) WHAT IS PROJECT, MANAGEMENT AND PROJECT
MANAGEMENT
2) WHY DO COMPANIES USE PROJECT MANAGEMENT
3) HOW DOES PROJECT MANAGEMENT BENEFITS YOU
4) PROJECT MANAGEMENT PLAN
5) PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROCESS
6) PROJECT MANAGEMENT STAGES
7) PROJECT MANAGEMENT KNOWLEDGE AREAS
8) TRIPLE CONSTRAINTS OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT
9) COMMON PITFALLS IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Project
Converting a vision, dream or a need to reality

• A job that has a beginning and an end (time)

• A specified outcome (scope)
• At a stated level of performance (quality) Time scope
Quality
• At a budget (cost)
Cost
Project characteristics:
• Temporary: has definite start and finish
• Unique: product/service is different in some
distinguishing way
Management

•Management can be defined as the process of administering

and controlling the affairs of the organization, irrespective of
its nature, type, structure and size.

•It is an act of creating and maintaining such a business

environment where in the members of the organization can
work together, and achieve business objectives efficiently and
effectively.
Project Management

•“The application of knowledge, skills,

tools and techniques to project activities in
order to meet or exceed stakeholders
needs and expectations”

•Includes planning, organizing , directing

and controlling activities in addition to
motivating the people involved in the
project management
Why Do Companies Use “PM”

• To handle projects effectively in an organization

• To define the project and agree with the customer
• To plan and assess resource needs for the project
• To estimate project cost and make proposals
• To plan and schedule activities in a project
• To allocate the right resource at the right time
• To assess risk and failure points and make backup plans
• To lead a project team effectively and communicate well
Project Management Benefits

• To have goal clarity and measurement

• Resources will be coordinated
• Risk will be identified and managed
• Increase the possibilities of time saving
• Increase the possibilities of cost saving
• Increase the possibilities of achieving the agreed outcome
• Increase the possibilities to deliver projects successfully
Project Management Plan

“The key to a successful project is on the planning. All the

detailed planning work for different aspects of the project is
integrated into one single plan known as the project
management plan”

Input:
Goal Output:
Team Project
Money deliverables
Time
Equipment
 Project Management Process

Planning process

Enter Exit phase/

Initiating Closing
phase/ End
process process
Start project
project

Executing process
Project Management Phases

1. Planning phase
2. Scheduling phase
3. Controlling phase
4. Closing phase
1. Planning phase

• Most important phase of the project

management
• Planning is an art and science of
converting set of realization to objectives
through a series of steps executed in an
organized and predicted way so that
there will be less requirement of changes
in the plan later on
2. Schedule phase

• It is a process of formalizing the

planned activities, assigning the
durations, resources and sequence
of occurrence in consultation with
the team members
• Planning and schedule phases are
undertaken before the actual
projects starts
3. Controlling phase

• Project controlling is mechanism established to

determine deviations from the project base schedule, to
re-plan and reschedule during implementation to
compensate the deviations on the basis of
i. Flow of resources like finance
ii. Work force
iii. Equipment
iv. Application techniques
4. Closing phase

• Closing phase is the last phase of the project which

brings close out of the complete project.
• Whatever the project requirements are predefined,
during this phase the total delivery is made and it is
accepted by the customer
• Conflicts can be arise between contactor and customer
 “10” PMBOK’S
(Project Management Book of
Knowledge Areas)
1. Project Integration Management

• Project integration management is a way of making

various processes work together.
• It takes the numerous processes that are being used in a
project and makes sure that they’re coordinated
• Project integration management accomplishes this by
making trade-offs.
• This is normal operational procedure for any project
manager. If there are competing objectives, then
alternatives are needed to meet stakeholder’s
expectations
2. Project Scope Management

• The project scope management is the process to ensure that

a particular project includes all the work relevant/appropriate
to achieve the project's objectives.
• Its primary aim is to control what is and is not involved in the
project.
• Project scope management consists of three processes
namely
i. Planning
ii. Controlling
iii. Closing

•
3.Project Time Management

•Time management is the management

of the time spent, and progress made,
on project tasks and activities.

•Excellent time management in project

management requires the planning,
scheduling, monitoring and controlling
of all project activities.
4.Project Cost Management

•Cost management is the process of

estimating, allocating, and controlling the
costs in a project.
•It allows a business to predict coming
expenses in order to reduce the chances of it
going over budget.
• Projectedcosts are calculated during the
planning phase of a project and must be
approved before work begins.
5.Project Quality Management

•Project quality management encompasses the processes and

activities that are used to figure out and achieve the quality
of the deliverables of a project.

•Qualityis simply what the customer or stakeholder needs

from the project deliverables.
Contd..

Key quality management concepts:

There are three key quality management concepts that will
help you deliver a high quality project.
i. Customer satisfaction
ii. Prevention over inspection
iii. Continuous improvement
6.Project Human Resource Management

•Project
human resource management involves organizing and
managing a project team.
• Theteam is usually made up of people with specific skills and
responsibilities.
• The project team, also known as project staff, should be
involved in plans and decision making from the beginning of the
project.
7.Project Communication Management
•Excellent communication is a critical component of project
success.
•Most project failures are due to communication issues. Project
communication management ensures that does not happen.
•There are three primary project communication management
processes.
i. Plan communications management
ii. Manage communications
iii. Monitor communications
8.Project Risk Management

•It
is the process used by project managers to minimize any potential
problems that may negatively impact a project's timetable.
•Unlike issues, which are certain to happen, risks are events that
could occur, and you may not be able to tell when.
•Because of uncertainty, project risk requires serious preparation in
order to manage them efficiently.
9.Project Procurement Management

•Procurement, in terms of project management, is when you

need to purchase, rent or contract with some external resource
to meet your project goal.
•The procurement process includes five major steps

i. Specification
ii. Selection
iii. Contracting
iv. Controlling
v. Measurement
10. Project Stakeholder Management

•Project stakeholder management involves identification of

stakeholders, analysis of their expectations and influences,
development of appropriate strategies to work with the
stakeholders and executing the process.
• Managing conflicting interest and involving stakeholders in key
project decisions and activities are also crucial. All of this forms a
part of the stakeholder management process.
 Triple Constraints of Project
Management
All projects are carried out under certain constraints – traditionally,
they are cost, time and scope.
Each constraint forms the vertices, with quality as the central
theme:
•Projects must be delivered within cost
•Projects must be delivered on time
•Projects must meet the agreed scope – no more, no less

•Projects must also meet customer quality requirements

Importance of Triple Constraint

•The triple constraint provides a framework that everyone in the

project can agree on.
•These metrics drive the project forward while allowing for
adjustments as needed when issues arise.
•The triple constraint is a model that helps managers know what
trade-offs are going to work and what impact they’ll have on other
aspects of the project.
Common Pitfalls in Project Management
They are any things or processes that hinder your project from
successful accomplishment.

Nine common pit falls are:

1. Poor communication
2. Lack of trust
3. Unclear roles and responsibilities
4. A poorly created project plan
5. Lack of breaking down projects into smaller tasks
6. Weak resource management
7. No attention to people management
8. Inappropriate risk management
9. Using inefficient project management tool
References

• Wit, A D 'measurement of project success' project management,

(1988)
• Kerzner, H project management.., A systems approach to planning,
Scheduling, and controlling van nostrand reinhold, new york (1989)
• Cash, H and fox, R 'elements of successful project management' J
Systems management (1992)
• Baker, B N, fisher, D and murphy, D C factors affecting project
Success national technical information services (1974)
• Kumar, D 'developing strategies and philosophies early for successful
Project implementation' project management 7 (1989)