Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Syllabus
1
UNIT – I
Introduction to Virtualization: Virtualization refers to the act of creating
a virtual version of something, including but not limited to a virtual computer hardware
platform, operating system, storage device, or computer network resources is called
virtualization.
The term "virtualization" traces its roots to 1960s mainframes, during which it was a
method of logically dividing the mainframes' resources for different applications.
Virtualization is a framework or methodology of logically dividing computer resources
such as Hardware, Software, Time-sharing, and others into separate virtual machines
executing instructions independent from the operating system.
Ex: The popular Virtualization Technologies are VMware, Hyper-V , Xen, Virtual Iron
etc.
It consists of
1. Definition and Objectives of Virtualization
2. Characteristics and Benefits of Virtualization
3. Taxonomy of Virtualization Techniques
4. Pros and Cons of Virtualized Technology
5. VMware Virtualization Technology
6. Hyper-V Virtualization Technology
7. Ubuntu Virtualization Technology
8. XEN Virtualization Technology 2
1. Definition and Objectives of Virtualization: Virtualization refers to the act of
creating a virtual version of something, including but not limited to a
virtual computer hardware platform, operating system, storage device,
or computer network resources is called virtualization.
Virtualization basically allows a single computer to take on the role of multiple
computers. The emulation of one/more workstations/servers within a single
physical computer.
Virtual
System Hardware
11
2. Characteristics and Benefits of Virtualization:
Virtualization refers to the act of creating a virtual version of
something, including but not limited to a virtual computer hardware
platform, operating system, storage device, or computer
network resources is called virtualization.
Virtualization is using computer resources to imitate other computer
resources or whole computers.
Virtualization separates resources and services from the underlying
physical delivery environment.
Characteristics are
1. Partitioning: In virtualization, many applications and operating
systems are supported in a single physical system
by partitioning the available resources.
2. Isolation: Each virtual machine is isolated from its host physical
system and other virtualized machines. Because of this isolation, if
one virtual-instance crashes, it doesn’t affect the other virtual
machines. In addition, data isn’t shared between one virtual
12
container and another.
3. Encapsulation: A virtual machine can be represented as a single
file, so you can identify it easily based on the service it provides. In
essence, the encapsulated process could be a business service. This
encapsulated virtual machine can be presented to an application as
a complete entity. Encapsulation can protect each application so
that it doesn’t interfere with another application.
13
Benefits of Virtualization: Virtualization refers to the act of
creating a virtual version of something, including but not limited to
a virtual computer hardware platform, operating system, storage
device, or computer network resources is called virtualization.
Virtualized Technology offers many benefits to organizations
looking to migrate from a physical environment to a virtual setting.
Benefits of Virtualization are
1. Easier Manageability
2. Elimination of Compatibility Issues
3. Fault Isolation
4. Increased Security
5. Efficient use of Resources
6. Portability
7. Problem-Free Testing
8. Rapid Deployment
9. Reduced Costs
10.The Ability to Separate Applications
11.Improved Uptime
14
1. Easier Manageability – Administrators can monitor and manage
entire groups of servers/workstations from a single physical
machine.
16
8. Rapid Deployment – The Hard Drive of a virtual machine is a
single file on a physical machine, which can be duplicated to other
physical machines. By using one virtual machine as a ‘template’
machine, its virtual Hard Drive file can be used to rapidly create
new virtual machine clones.
Cloud Computing
Grid Computing
Cluster Computing
Green Computing
Distributed Computing
On-Demand Computing
Nano Computing
Mobile Computing
Memory
Networks
Storage
Hardware
Operating systems 22
4. Pros and Cons of Virtualized Technology: Virtualization refers to
the act of creating a virtual version of something, including but not
limited to a virtual computer hardware platform, operating
system, storage device, or computer network resources is called
virtualization.
26
5) VMware
VMware refers to the act of creating a virtual version of something,
including but not limited to a virtual computer hardware
platform, operating system, storage device, or computer
network resources is called virtualization.
VMware is a company and it provides virtual machine software.
VMware is the first most widely known Virtualization Technology
i.e. Pioneer in the Market.
28
1. Company Name
29
HISTORY: VMware found by Daine Greene, Mendel
Rosenblum, Scott Devine, Edward Wang, Edourad
Bugnion in 1998 at Palo Alto, California, U.S.A.
The first product VMware Workstation was delivered in
May 1999.
The CEO of VMware is Patrick P.Gelsigner.
i) Desktop Editions:
a) VMware Workstation: (1999)
One of the longest running modern-day virtualization applications.
Latest version 11.0.
Create multiple x86-based virtual machines on a single physical machine.
Guest OS such as Windows, Linux and MAC OS X can then be installed on
to these virtual machines.
b) VMware Fusion:
Designed for users of the Mac Intel hardware platform.
Fully compatible with all VMs created by other VMware applications.
c) VMware Player: A freeware application
Offered to users who do not have a license to run VMware
Workstation/Fusion.
Cannot create virtual machines, however it can run them.
33
ii. Server Editions
a) VMware ESX Server: (version 5.5)
An enterprise level virtualization product that is offered by
VMware.
lower system overheads and interacts with its hardware directly.
b) VMware ESXi:
Less memory, due to Service Console is replaced with a simpler
Interface.
Available to download for free.
c) VMware Server:
VMware's free server virtualization application
An application to be installed onto a host OS that is either
Window/Linux based.
Create multiple VMs which can have a number of different guest
OSs installed. 34
4. VMware Architecture
VMware ESXi is the next-generation hypervisor, providing a new foundation for
virtual infrastructure, this innovative architecture operates independently from any
general purpose operating system, offering improved security, increased reliability,
and simplified management. VMware Architecture describes the architecture and
operation of VMware ESXi and discusses the new management model associated
with it.
5. SERVICES
Virtualization Service
Telecom Services
Cloud Advisory Services
Cloud Transformation Services
Health Check for CRM
Brokerage and Banking
Financial Services
Education Services
Mailing Solutions
Manufacturing Services
36
6. FEATURES
Performance
Scalability
Availability
Manageability
Security
Green computing
38
8. APPLICATIONS
Cloud Computing
Grid Computing
Cluster Computing
Green Computing
Distributed Computing
On-Demand Computing
Nano Computing
Mobile Computing
Memory
Networks
Storage
Hardware
Operating systems 39
9. PICTURES / VIDEOS
https://www.vmware.com/watch
www.vmware.com/
www.vmwarefoundation.org/
www.forbes.com/companies/vmware/ 40
10. SOFTWARE (TRIAL VERSION)
VMware Software Manager is a free product that dramatically
simplifies the download of VMware suites and products.
www.vmware.com/
VMware Server Software's: VMware Cloud
Management Software are VMware vCloud and VMware
Go.
www.vmware.com
http://login.vmware.com
http://developer.vmware.com/
https://ap1.vmware.com/
https://ap1.vmware.com/help/doc/en/sf.pdf
43
12. CASE STUDIES / PAPERS
1. Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Case_study
2. Real-World Education for Modern Marketers:
http://www.marketingprofs.com/marketing/library/casestudies/
3. Business Case study:
http://businesscasestudies.co.uk/case-studies/by-company/#axzz4K1xKX0x9
4. Queen’s University Faculty of Engineering and Applied Sciences
Deploys VMware Virtual SAN
5. NTT Data North America uses VMware Technologies to Optimize
Infrastructure and Deliver a Private Cloud.
6. iGov Technologies chooses VMware Virtual SAN storage to make
its tactical computing solution faster.
44
6) Hyper-V
Hyper-V is a product of Microsoft Company and competitor of
VMware in the field of Virtualization.
Hyper-V formerly known as Windows Server Virtualization, is a
native hypervisor, it can create virtual machines on x86-64 systems.
Hyper-V role enables you to create and manage a virtualized
computing environment by using virtualization technology that is
built in to Windows Server.
Hyper-V alone have brought to computing an entire revolution of
new benefits, including hardware-resource savings, a need for less
space, energy cost savings, and much more.
A core component of Hyper-V, Windows hypervisor is a thin layer of
software between the hardware and the OS that allows multiple
operating systems to run, unmodified, on a host computer at the
same time.
Hyper-V provides simple partitioning functionality and is
responsible for maintaining strong isolation between partitions. 45
Hyper-V provides customers an ideal platform for key virtualization
scenarios, such as production server consolidation, business
continuity management, software test and development, and
development of a dynamic datacenter.
Hyper VM is a Linux-based virtualization management program
and support a number of different virtualization technologies across
a number of different platforms and machines.
Parent partition creates child partitions through the Hyper call API.
Parent partition has direct access to hardware.
VSP(Virtual service provider) : It provides the device support.
VMbus : Its logical inter process communication essentially used
for communication between partitions.
Work process: Provides virtual m/c management services windows
R2 instances of parent partition to guest OS in child partitions.
46
This Hyper-V consists of
1. Company Name and History
2. CEO
3. Introduction
4. VMware Architecture
5. Services
6. Features
7. Advantages
8. Applications
9. Pictures/videos
10. Software (Trial version)
11. References( URL’s)
12. Case Studies / Whitepapers
47
1. Company Name
The Company name is Microsoft
48
2. CEO
The CEO of Hyper-V is Satya Narayana Nadella.
Server Consolidation
Green computing
https://www.hyper-v.com/watch
www.hyper-v.com/
www.hyper-vfoundation.org/
www.forbes.com/companies/hyper-v/ 56
10. SOFTWARE (TRIAL VERSION)
Hyper-V implements isolation of virtual machines in terms of a partition. A partition is a
logical unit of isolation, supported by the hypervisor, in which each guest operating
system executes. A hypervisor instance has to have at least one parent partition, running a
supported version of Windows Server.
www.Hyper-V.com/
11. REFERENCES( URL’s)
www.hyper-v.com
http://login.hyper-v.com
http://developer.hyper-v.com/
https://ap1.hyper-v.com/
https://ap1.hyper-v.com/help/doc/en/sf.pdf
58
12. CASE STUDIES / PAPERS
1. Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Case_study
59
7. XEN Virtualization Technology
Xen is an open source Virtual Machine Monitor for x86compatible
computers, Roger Roberts was appointed the CEO of Citrix in 1990.
Latest version is Xen 4.4.
Features:
Small foot print and interface
Operating system agnostic
Driver isolation
Para virtualization
Fig: Xen Architecture. 61
Types of XEN Virtualization:
Disadvantages:
Contains less features when compared to VMware.
Live migrations are not possible using management
console.
Poor support from open source community.
63
Popular virtualization Technology products
VMware
Microsoft Hyper-V
Virtual Iron
Xen
Ubuntu
Characteristics:
Performance
Scalability
Availability
Manageability
Security 64
Advantages
Server Consolidation
Green computing
65
APPLICATIONS
Cloud Computing
Grid Computing
Cluster Computing
Green Computing
Distributed Computing
On-Demand Computing
Nano Computing
Mobile Computing
Memory
Networks
Storage
Hardware
Operating systems 66
QUIZ - I
1. Which company is started the concept of Virtualization was first devised in the
1960s.
Ans) IBM
2. List the two popular Virtualization Technologies?
Ans) VMware, Hyper-V
3. Define Virtualization?
Ans) Virtualization refers to the act of creating a virtual (rather than actual) version
of something, including but not limited to a virtual computer hardware
platform, operating system (OS), storage device, or computer network resources
is called virtualization.
4. What are the Benefits of Virtualization?
Ans) Easier Manageability, Elimination of Compatibility Issues, Fault Isolation and
Increased Security
5. Define Hypervisor?
Ans) A hypervisor or virtual machine monitor (VMM) is a piece of computer
software, firmware or hardware that creates and runs virtual machines.
6. Extend or Expand VMM?
Ans) Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM)
7. Example of Database Virtualization?
Ans) Google Drive etc.
8. List two different type of hypervisors?
Ans) Native or Bare metal, Hosted hypervisors
9. Virtualization technology used in cloud computing to achieve?
Ans) Scalability
10. Operating system running on VM is called?
Ans) Guest OS
11. OS that supports the running of vms and guest os on a physical system is
called?
Ans) Host OS
12. The partitioning a physical server into smaller virtual servers is?
Ans) Server virtualization
13. Major advantage of Virtualization Technology?
Ans) More Efficient Usage of processing power and hardware resources.
14) Objectives of Virtualization?
Ans) Increased use of hardware resources, Reduced management and resource
cost, Improved business flexibility, Improved security , Reduced downtime.
15) People involved in Virtual Service Desk?
Ans) User groups, Support groups, Service Desk analysts.
16) Examples of Hypervisors?
Ans) VMware ESX, Microsoft Hyper-v etc
17) Extend or expand SNIA?
Ans) Storage Network Industry Association
18) List out different types of Storage Virtualization?
Ans) Disk, Tape (media and drive), File system, File, and Block.
19) List out Related forms of Computing?
Ans) Cloud computing, Grid computing, Utility computing, SaaS,
SOA etc.
20) Service Management Processes under virtualization?
Ans) Demand Management , Capacity Management, Financial
Management, Availability Management, Information Security
Management, IT Service Continuity Management etc.
69