EARTHQUAKE

HAZARD
 GROUND SHAKING
Is the result of rapid ground
acceleration. Ground shaking can
very over an area as a result of
factors such as the topography,
bedrock type and the location and
orientation of fault rupture.
 TYPES OF GROUND
SHAKING

GROUND DISPLACEMENT
GROUND VELOCITY
GROUND ACCELARATION
 GROUND RUPTURE
Is the visible offset of the ground surface
when an earthquake rupture along a faults
effects to the Earth’s surface.
The ground rupture length depends on the
magnitude of the earthquake. Earthquakes
with magnitude 6.5 or greater are generally
strong enough to produce large scale of
ground ruptures.
 LIQUEFACTION
A phenomenon whereby a saturated or
partially saturated soil substantially
loses strength and stiffness in
response to an applied stress, usually
earthquake shaking or other sudden
change in stress condition, causing it to
behave like a liquid.
TYPES OF LIQUEFACTION
 FLOW LIQUEFACTION
 Flow of soil mass
 Steep area
Flow/often movement
 CYCLIC LIQUEFACTION
 Spreading of mass
Level area
Lateral spreading
Ground oscillation
 GROUND SUBSIDENCE
 A process characterized by downward displacement of
surface material caused by natural phenomena such as
removal underground fluids, natural consolidation, or
dissolution of underground minerals, or by man-made
phenomena such as underground mining.
 Is the sinking or setting of the ground surface. It can occur
by number of methods.
Can result from settlement of native low density soils, or in
the caving in of natural or man-made underground voids.
 TSUNAMI
Also called seismic sea wave or
tidal wave, catastrophic ocean wave,
usually caused by a submarine
earthquake, an underwater or
coastal landslide, or a volcanic
eruption.
Positive and Negative effects:
Positive:
• Technology Advancement
• Education
• Infrastructure Development
• Investment
Negative
• Environmental Degradation
• Health Issues
• Economic Crisis
• Casualties
• Government Expenditure
 INDUCED LANDSLIDE
 Earthquake often triggered landslides, causing significant
and even catastrophic damage to houses.
 Landslides were identified that had blocked the drainage
and had formed landslides dams. The landslide distribution
was compared with number of aspects, such as seismic
parameters( distance to epicenter, distance to fault rupture,
co-seismic fault and co-seismic slip distribution), and
geology.
 If your house is in the path of an earthquake landslide, it is
at risk for damage from landslide debris, as will as sliding
down itself.
THANK YOU SO
SO SO SO SO
MUCH!NGYAW