Respiratory System

COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES

Respiratory System

Respiratory system -is a system consisting of specific organs

and structures used for the process of respiration in an organism.

Respiration- the act or process of inhaling or exhaling.

Respiratory System
Respiration includes:

Ventilation- is the pumping of water in gills and of air in lungs.

External Respiration- exchange of gases with the environment.
Internal Respiration- essential gases are then exchange with the
tissues in the respective capillary beds.
Respiratory System
Respiration includes:
Cellular respiration involves the conversion of food to energy.

Aerobic respiration is a cellular respiration that requires oxygen

while anaerobic respiration does not.
Respiratory System:
Respiratory Organs
 GILLS
oVertebrate gills are designed for water breathing.
oMechanism of ventilation depends on whether the
gills are located internally or externally.
Respiratory System:
Respiratory Organs
Two types of gills:
1. INTERNAL GILLS 2. EXTERNAL GILLS
Respiratory System:
Respiratory Organs
GAS BLADDERS
oIs a flexible-walled, gas-filled sac
located in the dorsal portion of
body cavity.
oIt controls the fish's buoyancy
and in some species is important
for hearing.
Respiratory System:
Respiratory Organs
Gas bladders differ in lungs in
two ways
o1. Gas bladders are usually situated
dorsal to the digestive tracts.
o2. Gas bladders are not paired.

Oxygen is released into the bladder.

Gas in the swim bladder is mainly oxygen.
Respiratory System:
Respiratory Organs
SKIN
oRespiration through the skin.
(Cutaneous Respiration)
oAmphibians rely heavily in
cutaneous respiration
Respiratory System:
Respiratory Organs
CHORIOALLANTOIS
(Breathing Embryos)
oIt sustains the respiratory needs
of the chicken embryo for most
of its time in the egg.
Respiratory System:
Respiratory Organs
SKIN
oRespiration through the skin.
(Cutaneous Respiration)
oAmphibians rely heavily in
cutaneous respiration
Respiratory System:
Respiratory Organs
SKIN
oRespiration through the skin.
(Cutaneous Respiration)
oAmphibians rely heavily in
cutaneous respiration
Respiratory System:
Respiratory Organs
SKIN
oRespiration through the skin.
(Cutaneous Respiration)
oAmphibians rely heavily in
cutaneous respiration
Respiratory System
Respiratory System
Respiratory System
4.
Respiratory System
GAS BLADDERS Are air filled with the air Swim bladders are used to control the buoyancy
of a fish
5. Gas bladders differ in lungs in two ways
1. Gas bladders are usually situated dorsal to the digestive tracts 2. Gas bladders are not paired
Oxygen is released into the bladder
Gas in the swim bladder is mainly oxygen
Respiratory System
Respiratory System
CUTANEOUS RESPIRATION Respiration through the skin Amphibians rely heavily in
cutaneous respiration
Respiratory System