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Presentation Outline

1. Introduction
2. Purpose of a lesson plan
3. Four Major Elements of a lesson plan
4. Six common mistakes in writing lesson
plans
5. Lesson plan the easy way
6. Characteristics of a good lesson plan
 …Course Outline

7. Advantages of lesson plan

8. Writing lesson plans
9. How to plan
8. Measurement, Assessment & Evaluation
in Education
9. Practice lesson planning
(Hall display)
 OBJECTIVES OF THE DAY

Objectives:
By the end of the session the
participants will be able to:
• Explain the process of lesson
planning
• Prepare a lesson plan as per the text
book.
• Demonstrate their understanding of
the skills enhanced through the use
of the lesson plans.
 …objectives
• Learn a skill that will help to define you as
a teacher.
• Understand the concept of thinking of
a lesson plan as a way of communicating
• Help new or inexperienced teachers
organize content, materials, and methods.
• An objective is a description of what a
student does that forms the basis for
making an inference about learning.
 Purpose of a lesson plan:
To
• structure the lesson
• organize its contents/materials
• determine method of its delivery
• assess students’ learning
• evaluate its application/effectiveness
 FOUR MAJOR ELEMENTS

• Educational Objectives
• Content and Appropriate Teaching
Activities
• Preparation of all the Material
• Monitoring & Assessing Learning
 : Six Common Mistakes In
Writing Lesson Plans

(AND WHAT TO DO ABOUT THEM)

Tutor’s input: Six common mistakes in LPs
1. Poorly written objectives lead to faulty
inferences.
2. The lesson assessment is not connected
with the behavior indicated in the
objective.
3. Prerequisites are not specified or are
inconsistent with the lesson requirements.
4. The materials specified in the lesson are
irrelevant to those described learning
activities.
5. Teacher’s instructions are inefficient
6. Students activities do not contribute
effectively to the lesson objective
Lesson Plan the Easy Way

The clearer the

structure of a lesson
and the more precise
the directions on what
is to be accomplished,
the higher the
achievement rate.
 FIVE LEVELS OF PLANNING

1. Daily planning … (Teacher)

2. Weekly planning… (Teachers-individually
as well as in groups)
3. Unit planning … (Teachers’ Group
/Co –
ordination)
4. Term planning …
5. Yearly planning …
 … Lesson Plan The Easy Way
Characteristics
A Good Lesson Plan is
a. based upon previous knowledge.
b. caters to the age level of students.
c. uses motivational techniques
d. includes necessary materials
e. is student centered, flexible, complete,
interesting & activity based
f. has proportionate time allocation
g. includes evaluation process
h. includes all the essential elements of a
lesson plan
 … Lesson Plan The Easy Way
Advantages of lesson plan

• makes the work regular & organized

• it induces confidence.
• it saves time
• promotes learning.
• it makes conscious for the achievement
of objectives.
• improves results
 … Lesson Plan The Easy Way
Writing Lesson Plans

The writing of lesson plan has three important

Functions:
• identifies what you expect the
students to be able to do by the end
of the lesson
• defines what you intend to do to
make that possible
• keeps you focused on target.
• acts as a record of what the class
has done.
 … Lesson Plan The Easy Way
WRITING LESSON PLANS
Components of a lesson
plan:
• Topic
• Resources
• Objectives
• Methodology
• Activity
• Homework
EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

…….are the learning outcomes of

a lesson i.e. what the students
should be able to know or do at
the end of the lesson that they
could not do at the beginning!
 … EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

• Specify the new skills that the

students will gain as a result of the
lesson
• Focus on student’s (not teacher’s)
attainment
• Determine the degree or criterion
for satisfactory attainment of the
objectives.
… EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES
Setting Objectives
What will the learner be able to:
• Know (concept…cognitive)
• Do (skill… psychomotor)
• Feel (behavior, attitude, appreciation or
ideas…affective)
Each defined objective is matched with:
• Teaching Method
• Learning Activities
• Type of Assessment
Note: Relevance is the essential quality of
the educational objectives
Activity # 2 :EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

Objectives Write SMART Objectives

for:
should be
English & Urdu:
SMART: Comprehension
• Specific Creative writing
• Measurable Grammar
Literature – summary ,
• Attainable RTC.
• Realistic Mathematics
Science
• Time bound
Social studies
Library
 ROLE OF
LEARNING MATERIALS

• Defines Instructional Objectives

• Sets Tasks to Attain Objectives
• Informs Learners of Tasks they have to Perform
• Provides Guidance and Practice
• Provides Feedback on Retention of acquired
Skills
• Makes the teaching effective.
• Supplies concrete basis for conceptual thinking.
• Makes learning permanent
Teaching Materials / Resources

A. COURSE BOOKS
B. SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS:
1. Teacher’s book
2. Work book
 C. SUPPORTING MATERIAL:

1. Audio Materials
2. Visual materials
3. Audio-visual materials.
4. Multi media
 Audio Visual Aids
Supporting Materials

TEACHERS PUPILS ENVIRONMENT MANUFACTURED

VISUAL AIDS

B/W BOARDS PICTURES FLASH REALIA *

CARDS

PICTURE WORD ADAPTABLE

FLASH CARDS FLASH CARDS FLASH CARDS
 MODERN CLASS ROOM
(MULTI-MEDIA)

POSTERS COMPUTERS

OPAQUE
CHARTS PROJECTORS

LEARNER

OVERHEAD TELEVISION
PROJECTORS AND VIDEOS

TAPE OTHER
RECORDERS VISUAL
MATERIALS
 WRITING LESSON PLANS
Methodology - Specify Timings of each of these
steps: (40/80 minutes)
• Settling time
• Introduction
• Previous Knowledge
• Presentation – Brainstorming / Discussion /
teacher’s Input
• Practice (Students output) – CW. Oral /
Written
• Home Work
• Assessment – Test / worksheets
 METHOD
Any teaching Item has three stages

Presentation

Practice

Production
 Method

Presentation of the Items involves

• Preparing class
• making sure the concept is absolutely
clear to student
• giving the model example of the item
• Practice the Teaching Item involves:
• repetition/ drilling
• Dialogue / discussion
• Worksheets
 …METHODS
Production of the Teaching items:
Involves:
• Role play
• Games / dialogue etc
• Practicing the item
• Assessment
 …WRITING LESSON PLANS

Activities: Daily – Life application of

the concept
Type & nature of activities:
– individual / group work
– reading
– project / art work / model making
– role play
– presentations
– charts / maps
– practical work etc.
 ROLE OF ACTIVITIES
• source of motivation
• making learning interesting
• decrease the anxiety of learner
• concrete base for abstract learning
• develop confidence (individually, group
work)
• develop creativity
• flexible and friendly environment
• provides students an approach towards
learning
• capture the attention and involve the
students in learning situation
 Activity
Explain the following components of
lesson plans – Group Work:
I. Content
II. Prerequisites
III. Instructional Objective
IV. Instructional Procedures
V . Materials and Equipment
VI. Assessment/Evaluation
VII. Follow-up Activities
VIII. Self-Assessment
 TUTOR’S INPUT

I. Content:
This is a statement that relates to
the subject-matter content. The
content may be a concept or a skill.
Phrase this as follows: I want my
students to: (be able to [name the
skill) OR (I want my students to
understand a description of the
concept).
 …TUTOR’S INPUT
II. Prerequisites:
Indicate what the student must
already know or be able to do
in order to be successful with
this lesson.
 …TUTOR’S INPUT
III. Instructional Objective:
Indicate what is to be learned -
this must be a complete
objective. Write this objective
in terms of what an individual
student will do, not what a
group will do.
 …TUTOR’S INPUT
IV. Instructional Procedures:
Description of what you will do in
teaching the lesson, and, as appropriate,
includes a description of how you will
introduce the lesson to the students, what
actual instructional techniques you will
use, and how you will bring closure to the
lesson. Include what specific things
students will actually do during the
lesson. In most cases, you will provide
some sort of summary for the students.
 …TUTOR’S INPUT
V. Materials and Equipment: List all
materials and equipment to be used by
both the teacher and learner and how
they will be used.

VI. Assessment/Evaluation: Describe

how you will determine the extent to
which students have attained the
instructional objective. Be sure this part
is directly connected to the behavior
called for in the instructional objective.
 …TUTOR’S INPUT
VII. Follow-up Activities:

Indicate how other

activities/materials will be used to
reinforce and extend this lesson.
Include homework, assignments,
and projects.
 …TUTOR’S INPUT
VIII. Self-Assessment
(to be completed after the lesson is presented):
Address the major components of the
lesson plan, focusing on both the
strengths, and areas of needed
improvement. Determine here how you
plan to collect information that will be
useful for planning future lessons. A good
idea is to analyze the difference between
what you wanted (the objective) and what
was attained (the results of the
assessment).
 Activity

Complete the Educational Circle

05 minutes
Complete the educational circle
 TUTORS INPUT:
THE EDUCATIONAL CIRCLE
 Activity
Instructions:
Topic: Preparing Lesson Planning
(Maths, Science, Urdu, Social
studies, English)
Duration of activity: 30 minutes
Materials required: Flip charts, chart
paper, markers
1. Tell the participants that they will prepare
lesson plans based upon what they have
so far learned.
2. Divide the participants into groups. Every
group will work on preparing lesson plans.
3. Allocate topics from the textbooks for each
subject.
 … Instructions
4. Allow the participants to prepare
lesson plans as per their topics.
5. Each group presents their lesson.
6. Once the groups have made their
presentations exchange the lesson
plans between groups for analysis,
comments and revision if required.
7. Invite groups to share their
analysis and comments.
8. Repeat the above steps for each
subject.
Aim: Before Planning a Lesson
Questions you need to ask are:
• What are the inputs?
• What is the output?
• What do I expect the student to be able to
do by the end of the time available?
– What will I do in order to make that
possible?
– How will I break up the time into main
stages?
– What will be the main stages be linked?
– What materials/aids will I need to achieve
these aims?
 … Activity

Process
Input

Process

Output
 … Activity

Devise a 40/80 minute lesson based on

the method PPP – don’t forget to set the
objective
The following headings may assist you:
Components of a lesson plan
• Topic
• Objective
• Resource
• Methodology
• Activities
• Homework
• Assessment
• Evaluation (Self analysis – PPIR an MCF)
… Activity: Preparing a lesson plan

Gallery Display
Feedback and discussion on lessons
prepared
MEASUREMENT ASSESSMENT AND
EVALUATION IN EDUCATION

Who is going to Assess Me?

 Weekly Evaluation
Intrinsic feed back (self analysis) based on
• How do I plan a lesson?
• How do I follow a curriculum?
• How can I become an excellent classroom
manager?
• How do I make the best use of the text book
and other audio-visual aids?
• What do I do when things go wrong?
• How do I know if my lesson is successful?
What is the evidence? under planned / over
planned, realistic targets % of student
achievement?
 Self Evaluation

• Through Student’s output

• Intrinsic feedback (self
analysis)
• Extrinsic feedback ( head
/seniors)
• Informal ( parents)

STUDENTS’ EVALUATION
MUST BE BASED ON…
Student Evaluation : Bloom’s Taxonomy

Six levels of
Cognitive Evaluation
Domain
Synthesis
Analysis

Application

Comprehension

Knowledge
A Focus on Higher level thinking skills
Writing an Objective based Assessment

Whenever a teacher guides

instruction toward a specific
learning objective, it is safe to
assume that there will be, at some
appropriate point, an appraisal
made to determine whether the
students have met or achieved the
intent of the objective
RULE OF THUMB

Be sure to provide students

with the opportunity to practice
what you will be assessing
them on.
I cannot change the direction of the wind,
I can adjust my wings to sail in its
direction but ….
Touching Education

Thank You
 Daily Lesson Plan
Date/Day: 15th Jan 07-Mon Class/Sec: VI -Red
Period: 1st - 2nd (80 min) Subject :Eng-LangTopic :Comprehension
Objective: St.will be able to fully understand / comprehend the passage and
be able to Ans.Q correctly.

Resources : Und.& Comm. Bk 1---Thirsty World pg-83,map of the world

Methodology : (2 min ) settling down / announcing of the day’s work.
(2 min ) Model reading .
(30 min) St. read.+pronun.+meanings+understanding key
HW
words
(5 min ) Ex. A 1 pg.84 meaning in context (On the Books) Pg. 84……Ex B
No.1,2,3 & 4

(10 min) B Choose the best ans.

(5 min) Read Q, & underline key words

(20 min) Pg. 85 ans. 3 any important Q.(Q. will not written
in the copies )
 Daily Lesson Plan
Date/Day : 17th Jan 07-Wed. Class/Sec : VII-Blue
Period : 3rd ( 40 min ) Subject : Science Topic : Light
Objective: Student to understand light as a form of energy Its impact on our daily lives
How it travels Understand about shadows

Resources : Text bk 2 Expl.Sc pgs 155 to 159 ,Teachers guide A/V

aids,charts,board.
Methodology : (5 min) Change over of teacher and settling down of St.
(5 min) Introduce light. Practical examples torch, switch on the light ,shut &
open eyes
introduce 6 new topic related words with explanation (ref. syllabus)
(10 min) Conduct a simple experiment to show shadows,
introduce luminous ,non- luminous objects explanation and HW
examples from daily life.
Class can be taken outside if possible for practical
observations .
Demonstration of opaque,transparent,translucent objects.
(15 min) Begin work from Work Book pg.28 interaction of
class
 Daily Lesson Plan
Date/Day:18th Jan 07- Thur Class/Sec : VII-Blue
Period: 5th (40 min) Subject :Geography Topic : Longitude
and Latitude
Objective: St. to be able to identify lines of Long.& Lat.
To know how to locate any place on earth
Local / International Time
Resources :Text book I pgs 64-67, Teachers Guide,Globe,World Map, Charts,
Board
Methodology :(3 min) Change over of teachers and settling down of SS
(3 min) Introduction of the new topic.
(18 min) Demonstration of the globe & wall map
Long.& Lat , equator , poles , tropics cancer &
Capricorn.
GMT , International Date Line , Time Zone.
HW
division of lines in degrees on map to show
locations. special
ref.Pakistan , moon sighting , Jet Lag
explanation and oral feedback.
(16 min) Work Sheet –relevant work ..recap Revise
 Activity #8

• In the light of lesson you have

planned give a brief evaluation
plan to assess student
achievement and then evaluate
your lesson plan.
• Homework