NEGATIVE IMPACT OF

GLOBALIZATION IN
THE ENVIRONMENT
 OVERVIEW:
a. Increase (Green House Gas) GHG emissions

b. Promotes CO2 emissions from transport

c. Indirectly promotes CO2 emissions linked to

industrial activity and consumption

d. Encourages deforestation

e. Impact on cities

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3
 a. Increase (Green House Gas)
GHG emissions
a. Climate change is one of the main environmental problems,
perhaps all the more worrying because it is impossible to
predict exactly how it’s going to develop and what the
consequences will be.

b. Its causes, however, are known. Climate change stems

mostly from the greenhouse effect – meaning the excessive
retention of solar energy in the atmosphere due to an
accumulation of certain gases, particularly CO2.

c. These three human activities exist independently of

globalization, but their considerable development
during the 20th century, and in particular in recent
decades, is partly linked to ccelerated globalization.
4
1.
Transition headline
Let’s start with the first set of
slides
The main sources of CO2
emissions are industrial
production, transportation
and, more indirectly,
deforestation.
 “
2.Globalization promotes
CO2 emissions from
transport.

8
 “
• As critical drivers of globalization, transport
systems have multiplied alongside
international trade.

• Emissions from road transport (mainly cars

and trucks) are of course very high, but
more so within national borders.

9
 “
 But the opening of some regional areas
(such as the suppression of border
controls among European Union
countries) has given a strong boost to
road freight transport.

 Despite some encouraging recent

alternatives such as piggybacking
(transporting lorries by train for part of
the journey), transnational road transport
is an important source of CO2 emissions.

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 “
 But the major mode of transport
that has characterized globalization
in the past decades is the airplane.
Example:
That said, much of the environmental harm from
transport is due to the increase in domestic traffic. In
the case of aviation, between 2005 and 2007 Indian
airline companies ordered a whopping 500 new
airplanes from aircraft constructors Airbus and Boeing
to cover new domestic travel needs.
In other words, increased traffic on the
highways of international trade, driven by
the globalization dynamic, isn’t solely
responsible for increases in transport-related
CO2 emissions.
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 c. Globalization indirectly
promotes CO2 emissions
linked to industrial activity
and consumption.

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  While the Industrial Revolution was a vector of
globalization, the growth in cross-border trade
and investment in turn fostered industrial activity.

 This is often a major source of GHG emissions, as

in the case of electricity generation, which still
largely involves burning coal, oil and derivatives.

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  The intensification of globalization,
then, accentuated the greenhouse
effect and global warming. For
decades, developed countries –
the pioneers of global
industrialization – were the world’s
biggest polluters, responsible for the
lion’s share of GHG emissions.

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 d. Globalization encourages
deforestation

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  Deforestation is an indirect but very significant cause of the
greenhouse effect. Clearing and logging reduce the
volume of CO2 that plants convert into oxygen

 This translates into an equivalent increase in the volume of

CO2 in the atmosphere and thus adds to the greenhouse
effect. And burning the cleared wood releases vast
quantities of CO2.

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 • Between 1990 and 2005, the world lost 3% of its forests.
Some 200 km2 of forest land – twice the size of Paris –
disappears each day.

• Globalization is often an ally of the chainsaw. Deforestation

is mainly due to the conversion of forests into agricultural
land, especially in developing countries.

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 Example:

Take Brazil:
⪢ for a little over a decade, much of its agriculture
was export-oriented. Between 1996 and 2003,
Brazilian soy exports to China rocketed from 15
000 to 6 million tons. This dynamism involved
deforestation and converting part of the
rainforest into farmland.

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 • the impact of deforestation isn’t only
felt by nature itself, but also by people,
in particular the most vulnerable.

• The poorest regions are the most

affected by global warming.

• By 2060, drought could render 90

million hectares in sub-Saharan
Africa sterile. Some 1.8 billion people
could lack water in the next 70 years.
Central Asia, northern China and the
Andes are particularly at risk.

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e. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTSOF
GLOBALIZATION IN CITIES

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  Cities have multiplied and expanded rapidly
worldwide over the past two centuries. Cities
are sources of creativity and technology, and
they are the engines for economic.

 Cities make up only two percent of the earth’s

surface, yet they are home to over half of the
world’s population.

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 World City Populations 2019
What are the most populated cities in the world?

Here is a list of the top ten most populated cities

in the world:

1.Tokyo (Population: 37,435,191)

2.Delhi (Population: 29,399,141)
3.Shanghai (Population: 26,317,104)
4.Sao Paulo (Population: 21,846,507)
5.Mexico City (Population: 21,671,908)
6.Cairo (Population: 20,484,965)
7.Dhaka (Population: 20,283,552)
8.Mumbai (Population: 20,185,064)
9.Beijing (Population: 20,035,455)
26 10.Osaka (Population: 19,222,665)
 THE WORLD’S MOST DENSELY
POPULATED CITIES:
Density
Rank City Population
(Per Sq Km)

1 Manila 1,780,148 41,515

2 Mumbai 12,478,447 28,508

3 Dhaka 8,523,137 28,410

4 Caloocan 1,489,040 27,916

5 Chennai 4,681,087 25,854

6 Kolkata 4,486,679 24,252

7 Kathmandu 1,183,000 23,923

8 Subang Jaya 1,683,589 23,911

9 Paris 2,265,886 21,498

10 Macau 643,100 21,224

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 Maps

In Europe, the proportion of urban dwellers

is even higher. Today, nearly 75% of
Europeans live in cities and urban areas, and
by 2020 this is expected to rise to 80%
(European Union, 2010).

The growth of cities and the continuing

strength of older urban areas like New York,
London and Paris is no accident.

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29
 Globalization on cities:
• Attract people to big cities, by
increasing the returns to urban
proximity (Glaeser, 2009).

• Pressures on the environment

lead to major environmental
problems.

Urban environmental problems are

threats to people’s present or future
wellbeing, resulting in human
induced damage to the physical
environment in or borne into urban
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areas.
 SPECIFIC EFFECTS OF
GLOBALWARMING
(THE PRODUCT OF GLOBALIZATION)

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 Due to the increasing use of
fossil fuels, burning of forest
lands to increase
agricultural production,
decaying of agricultural
products and other human
activities, the concentration
of greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere has been
increasing, resulting in an
‘enhanced greenhouse
effect’ which is often
referred to as global
warming.
GLOBAL WARMING
 Global warming is the term used to describe a
gradual increase in the average temperature of the
Earth’s atmosphere and its oceans, a change that
is believed to be permanently changing the Earth’s
climate.
EFFECTS OF GLOBAL
WARMING
MELTING OF POLAR ICE CAPS
 Ice is melting worldwide especially at the Earth’s
poles. This includes mountain glaciers, ice sheets
covering West Antarctica and Greenland and Arctic
sea ice.
DECLINE OF ENDEMIC ANIMAL AND PLANT
SPECIES

Philippine Tarictic Hornbill

Tarsier Philippine
Eagle

Mindanao
Bleeding
Heart

Philippine Spotted Deer

Nephentes Camia Basingtonia asiatica
ventricosa

Ilang-ilang Waling-waling
INCREASE PRECIPITATION
 Precipitation (rain and snow fall) has increased
across the globe on average.
INCREASE POPULATION OF PESTS
DECLINE IN AGRICULTURAL HARVEST
DROUGHTS AND FLOODS BECOME COMMON
DECREASE SUPPLY OF CLEAN DRINKING
WATER
SPREAD OF DISEASES
HURRICANES AND TYPHOONS ARE STRONGER
AND MORE FREQUENT
SPECIES THAT DEPEND ON ONE ANOTHER MAY
BECOME OUT OF SYNC

 Species that depend

on one another do not
work at the same time
and speed. For
example, plants would
bloom earlier than their
pollinating insects
become active.
CHANGE IN THE NATURAL ECOSYSTEMS
 Ecosystems will change. Some species will move
farther north or become more successful; others
won’t be able to move and become extinct.
REFERENCES
 Science Learners Material
 Integrated Science I, DepEd, Quezon City: Vibal
Publishing House, 2009
 http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environ
ment/global-warming/gw-effects/
 http://climatekids.nasa.gov/greenhouse-effect/
 Thanks!

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