OPL

Subject INSTANTANEOUS UNDER VOLTAGE Group ELECTRIC ENGINEER

○ Basic Knowledge ○ Failure Case ○ Improvement Case Date/ Management

Division 2013.07.05 / -
○ Defective Case ○ Other Code

• SYSTEM STATUS
 Date & Time: 26 June 2013, 14:44
 Fault duration: 90 ms
 150KV:  U-Phase drop to 91.4 KV. Drop 60.9 % • 30 KV: • Drop 65.4 % • 6 KV: • Drop 70.7 %
 V-Phase drop to 123.6 KV. Drop 82.4 % • Drop 81.1 % • Drop 96.5 %
 W-Phase drop to 133.8 KV. Drop 89.2 % • Drop 90.6 % • Drop 82.4 %

Voltage drop

time

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Instantaneous drop voltage (voltage sag)
Momentary dips in voltage that may cause miss operations to the customer's sensitive loads of the power utility and
are recognized as the most important power quality problems.
IEEE Standard 1159 : voltage drop to 90 % - 10% at 0.5 cycle – 1 minute
Must be considered: • Magnitude
• Time duration
• Phase angel jump

Voltage sag types:

Type A Type B Type C Type D Type E Type F Type G

Factors That Affect Voltage Sag Type

• Fault Type:  Single-Line-to-Ground (SLG) Fault
 Line-to-Line (LL) Fault
 Double-Line-to-Ground (LLG) Fault
 Three Phase (3P) Fault
• Transformers winding connection: • Type 1 Wye grounded-wye grounded Ynyn
• Type 2 Delta-delta (Dd), Delta-zigzag (Dz), Wye-wye
• Type 3 Delta-wye (Dy), Wye-delta(Yd), Wye-zigzag (Yz)

• Load connection : • Wye-connected load

•
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Guide to classify the voltage sag:
Indicate the lowest magnitude
example and the phase angel jump

Type C

Based on magnitude of each phase,

It is single line to ground fault.

Voltage sag effect:  adjustable speed drive controls, Voltage sag solutions: • UPS
 programmable logic controllers, Off line
 motor contactors On-Line
 Computer • Dynamic voltage restorer (DVR)
 Lighting • Voltage Regulator
 Motor • Static transfer switch
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• Static Var Compensator (SVC)
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Voltage and Current Response when Voltage Sag Occure

*Voltage in A-Bus similar with B-Bus

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