DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION

The digestive system include the digestive tract

and its accessory organs which process food into
molecule that can be absorbed and utilized by the
cell of the body foods is breakdown, bit by bit, until
the molecules are small enough to be absorbed and
the waste product are eliminate the digestive tract,
and also called the alimentary canal or
gastraintestinal tract.
Consist of a long contineous tube that extend from
the mouth to the anus, it conclude the Mouth,
Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach, Small intestine, and
Large intestine, the Tongue and the Teeth are
accessory structure located in the Mouth. The
Salivary gland, Liver, Gallbladder and Pancreas are
major organ that have a role in digestive these organ
secrete fluids into the digestive tract.
OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the report the students will able to:

1. To defined the digestive system?

2. To know the name of organ that made up the
digestive system?
3. Be able to describe the majors functions of each
organs in the digestive system?
The two main organ of digestive
system

1. Alimentary canal
 1. Alimentary Canal

 Is about 9m (30ft) long, but

in a living person it is
considerably shorter
because of its relatively
constant muscle tone. Food
material in the alimentary
canal is technically
considered to be outside the
body because the canal is
open to the external
environment at the both
ends.
2. Accessory

 The accessory digestive

gland produce saliva,
bile, and digestive
enzymes secretions that
contribute to the
breakdown of the
foodstuffs.
1. Mouth

Food enters the alimentary

canal through the mouth
(oral cavity), which consists
of an external vestibule and
an internal oral cavity
proper.
2. Teeth
 the actions of the teeth is
(cutting, tearing and
grinding) increase the
surface area of the food
in the mouth. 32 teeth,
among these teeth are 8
incisors, 4 canines, 8
premolar and 12 molar
(including 4 wisdom
teeth).
3. Tongue

 In the back of the mouth the

tongue is anchored into the
hyiod bone. The tongue is
vital for chewing and
swallowing food, as well as
for speech. The four
common tastes are results
from tasting glutamates
(present in MSG).
4. Salivary Glands

 Is to produced by intrinsic
salivary glands in the oral
mucosa and by three pairs
of large extrinsic salivary
glands parotid,
submandibular and
sublingual. The salivary
glands are compounds
tubualveolar glands
containing varying amount
serous and mucous cells.
5. Pharynx

During swallowing, food

passes from the mouth
through the oropharynx
and laryngopharynx,
which are lined by a
stratified squamous
epithelium. The
pharyngeal constrictor
muscles squeeze food
into the esophagus during
swallowing.
6. Esophagus

Connects the esophagus is

a long thin and muscular
tube that pharynx (throat )
to the stomach. It forms an
important place of the
gastrointestinal tract and
function as the conduit for
food and liquids that have
been swallowed into the
pharynx to reach the
stomach.
7. Stomach

The stomach secretes and

enzymes that digest food
ridges of muscle tissue
called rugae lined the
stomach. The stomach
muscle contract
periodically, churning food
to enhance digestion.
8. Small intestine

 The small intestine is the

main site of digestion and
nutrient absorption. Is the
part of the small intestine
where 90% of the
digestion of the food occur.
The other 10% taking
place in the stomach and
large intestine.
 9. Large intestine

 Is to absorb water from the

reaming indigestible food
matter and transmit the
useless waste material from
the body.
10. Rectum

 The rectum is the

lower part of our large
intestine where our
body stool. Rectum is
the final segment of
large intestine that
connect the colon to
the anus.
11. Anus

 Is the last part of the

digestive tract it is a 2 inch
long canal consisting of the
pelvic floor muscle and the
two canal sphincters ( internal
and external ) the living of the
upper anus is specialized to
detect rectal contents.
12. Pancreas

Is a large gland located just

inferior and posterior to the
stomach. It is about 6 inches
long and shaped like short
lumpy snake with it’s head
connected to the duodenum
and it’s tail pointing to the
left wall of the abdominal
cavity. The pancreas secrets
digestive enzymes into the
small intestine to complete
the chemical digestion of
food.
13. Liver

 The liver’s main job is to

filter the blood coming
from the digestive tract,
before passing it to the
rest of the body. The liver
also detoxifies chemical
and metabolize drugs. As
it does so the liver secrets
bile that ends up back in
the intestines.
14. Gallbladder

 The gallbladder, a green

muscular sac, stores and
concentrates bile. Its duct
is the cystic duct. When
fatty chyme enters the
small intestine, the
gallbladder squeezes bile
into the bile duct and
duodenum.
Conclusion

The digestive system starts working as soon as the

food touches the lips and ingested. The various organs
work together to run this machiney. The nerves and
hormones control the actions of the internal organs.
There are mechanical and chemical processes that
work simutaneously to digest the food and provide
energy to the body. All the steps in this process are
necessary and important for this machine to run in a
healthy lifestyle.
 The two main organs of digestive system;

 alimentary organ
 Accessory organ

the organs of the digestive system;

 Mouth
 Teeth
 Tongue
 Salivary glands
 Pharynx
 Pancreas
 Esophagus
 Stomach
 Small intestine
 Large intestine
 Pancreas
 Liver
 Gall bladder
 4 TYPES OF TEETH:

 Incisors( for cutting)

 Canines (for tearing)
 Premolars (for crushing)
 Morals (for grinding)
THE END

THANK YOU
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like you to express my deepest appreciation to all

those who provide the possibility to complete this report, a
special gratitude I give to our classmates who in stimulating
suggestions and encouragement, to help us to coordinate in
this report.
And also I would like to express my special thanks of
gratitude to my teacher ma'am April C. Trinidad who gave us
the opportunity to do this report in the topic THE DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM. Which also helped us doing a lot of research and I
come to know about so many new things I am really thankful
to them.
I am Maimana M. Saleh, I was born on December 9, 1998
at Poblacion Datu Paglas Maguindanao, We are Sevens in
my family, I am rhe Four child, My mother name is
Mariyam Saleh and my father name is Hasim Saleh. I took
my elementary education in Kayaga Elementary School
and my secondary education at Datu Paglas National High
School. I have a happy childhood living with my parents
and with my sibling, my family is a happy and a loving
family.
I am Rowena D. Mohamad, I was born on January 18, 1999 at
Kayaga Pandag Maguindanao, I finish my elementary in Kayaga
Elementary School and my secondary education in Datu Paglas
National High School we are Four siblings in my family, and I am
the second child, my sister name is Noraida D. Mohamad and
her nick name is dada , and I have two brothers the one is Rec-
Rec D. Mohamad, his nick name Rec, my other little brother
name is Aljalak Tamahomie Recca D. Mohamad, My mother
name is Moraina M. Dalaten and my father name is Eric T.
Mohamad. My mother work is an OFW in Saudi at Madina and
my father accupation is a D4D driver. My motto in life is
EVERYTHING HAPPEN FOR A REASON.
I am Sahera M. Utto, I was born on Febuary 3, 1998 at
Mileb Sultan Sabarungis Maguindanao. We are five
siblings in my family. My mother name is Saiba M. utto
and my Father name is Jimmy M. Utto. And I have a 4
sister and 1 brother. I finish my elementary and
secondary education in Gadungan National High School.
I have a happy family and loving parents.
I am Nor-in G. Masukat, I was born on April 9, 1986 at Brar.
Talayan Maguindanao. We are four siblings in my family, I am
the three child. My mother name is Hawa Masukat and my
father name is Mama Masukat, I took my elementary
education in Paglala Memorial Elementary School and my
secondary education at General Salipada K. Pendatun
National High School. I have a happy childhood living with my
parents and my siblings. My father occupation is Farmer and
my mother occupation is housewife. I have a happy and
loving family.