FLUID POWER – II

 Subject Code: 6ME01

 Semester: VI

 Session: 2014 – 15
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 Syllabus
 Unit VI:
 Fluid System

a) Hydrostatic systems, their function, components and

application such as Hydraulic press, lift, crane and fluid
drive for machine tools. Intensifier and accumulator
b) Hydrokinetic systems: Fluid couplings and torque
converter

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 OBJECTIVE

 Introduction to machinery utilizing fluid systems.

 To practically understand the working of various fluid

systems.

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 Fluid System

 INTRODUCTION

 Fluid system is defined as the device in which power is

transmitted with the help of a fluid which may be liquid
(water or oil) or a gas (air) under pressure.

 Most of these devices are based on the principles of fluid

statics and fluid kinematics.

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 Fluid System
Types of fluid systems
The hydraulic press.
The hydraulic accumulator.

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 Fluid System

Types of fluid systems

 The hydraulic intensifier. The hydraulic ram.

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 Fluid System

Types of fluid systems

 The hydraulic lift. The hydraulic crane.

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 Fluid System

Types of fluid systems

 The fluid or hydraulic coupling.
 The fluid or hydraulic torque converter.

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 Fluid System

Types of fluid systems

 The air lift pump. The gear-wheel pump.

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 THE HYDRAULIC PRESS
 The hydraulic press is a
device used for lifting
heavy weights by the
application of a much
smaller force.

 It is based on Pascal's
law, which states that the
intensity of pressure in a
static fluid is transmit­ted
equally in all directions.
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 THE HYDRAULIC PRESS

 The hydraulic press consists of two cylinder of different

diameters.
 One of the cylinders is of" large di­ameter and contains a
ram, while the other cylinder is of smaller diameter and
contains a plunger as shown in Fig.

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 THE HYDRAULIC PRESS

 The two cylinders are

connected by a pipe.

 The cylinders and pipe

contain a liquid through
which pressure is
a transmitted.
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 THE HYDRAULIC PRESS

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 THE HYDRAULIC PRESS

 When a small force F is applied on the plunger in the

downward direction, a pressure is produced on the liquid in
contact with the plunger.

 This pressure is transmitted equally in all directions and acts

on the ram in the upward direction as shown in Fig.

 The heavier weight placed on the ram is then lifted up.

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 THE HYDRAULIC PRESS

F = Force applied on the plunger,

Let W = Weight to be lifted,
A = Area of ram,
a = Area of plunger
p = Pressure intensity produced by force F
Force F F
 
Area of Plunger a
Due to Pascal’s Law, the above intensity of pressure will be
equally transmitted in all directions.
Hence the pressure intensity at the ram be
a F
e p
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 THE HYDRAULIC PRESS

But the pressure intensity on the ram is also

Weight W
 
Area of ram A
Equating the pressure intensity of the ram,

F W
 
a A
F
W   A
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 THE HYDRAULIC PRESS

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 QUESTIONS

 What do you understand by hydrostatic systems?

 How hydraulic crane works?

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 HOMEWORK

 Differentiate between hydrostatic and hydrokinetic systems.

 Explain hydraulic lift in details.

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