Legal Risk, Intellectual Property and

Minimizing The Chances of Getting

Issued
Adam Rizky / 1606910600
Aisyah Amalia / 1606910613
Classica Harsya / 1606910
Imanuella Chelsea / 1606910645
Irfan Adhityo / 1606910531
M. Ali Akbar / 1606910563
Nur Alifta Kinanti / 1606910670
Rahayu Safitri / 1606910784
Raihana Abida / 1606910576
Are You at Risk
of Being Sued?
Based on a survey by the
Association of British Insurers
Trends in Litigation

Third-party litigation
funding with ‘no-win
no-fee’ lawyers have Place your screenshot here
increased the
likelihood of being
sued. These third-party
funded cases are likely
to increase.
Sources of
Litigation
▫ Employee
▫ The consumer
▫ Business customer
▫ Suppliers
▫ Pressure groups
▫ Regulatory authorities
▫ Competitors
Source of Risk by Stakeholder and Area
Intellectual
Property
▫ Patent
“
▫ Trademark
▫ Internet Domains
▫ Geographical Indication
▫ Copyright
▫ Trade Secret
Patent Trolls

Preventive
Patent troll contact

o Monitor new patents o Change design

o Conduct a clearance search
o Buy insurance
o Actively buy patents
o Start opposition proceedings
o Litigate
o Settle early
The Importance of
Trademark & 1. IP can be used to gain competitive advantages
Patent
2. Increase company value
3. Globalization
INDUSTRIES FOR
WHOM
INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY (IP)
MAY NOT SEEM A
PRIORITY
 Intellectual Property is less relevant
▫ Strength and risks: right stock, store size
and store location
▫ Core skills: logistics (getting product on to
Retailing
the shelves in a timely manner), managing
stocks and low prices.
Retailers who are merely efficient lack a
competitive advantage
▫ Consumer has little to distinguish them from
competitors’
▫ They need to develop their own brand
▫ Own brands create a additional store loyalty
▫ Brand identity through logo, advertising
catchphrase, etc
Other service industries

Banks Insurance companies Solicitors

They often see client servicing and location

as their critical success factors
 “
There are important areas of
Intellectual Property (IP) that
service companies sometimes
overlook.
To have a competitive edge, service companies
must

Develop exclusive Investigate the extent to

products and services, which you can protect
and business processes such processes and
services from use by
others
Financial issues
at stake
However, litigation over IP rights is relatively rare
 THE WORDS
COMPLAINED OF
 “
It is a more interactive world, there
exists more freedom to talk, hence
more risk. Statements from
employees, agents, business partners
whose day-to-day activities are hard
to patrol, can cause difficulty for the
organization.
DEFAMATION,
LIBEL AND
SLANDER
SPOKEN ON THE PHONE
DEFAMATION

IN PERSON
LIBEL

WRITTEN MATERIALS
SLANDER
 Employees needs to be
o To know what can and trained
cannot be said
o Especially when making
comparisons with
competitors
o To reduce the risks of
getting sued by the
competitor
Consider having a list of
comparisons that staff can and
cannot make
Advertising
Claims
statement made in advertising about
the benefits, characteristics, and/or
performance of a product or service
designed to persuade the customer to
make a purchase.
 “
False or misleading statements about
your product or service will bring you
to the attention of a regulator or
competitors. Therefore marketing
claims should be checked before going
live.
Contract Risk
Probability of loss arising from the
buyer's reneging on the contract, as
opposed to the buyer's inability to pay.
 Types of Contract Risk
▫ Bad planning and demand management, deliberate contract manipulation,
miscommunication - they can all erode the value of a contract. Other areas
of risk include:
▫ Revenue leakage and cost overruns 
▫ Quality failures
▫ Damage to business
▫ Loss of intellectual property
▫ Loss of bargaining power
Contract’s
Lifecycle
1. the contract is drawn up;
2. tenders are put out;
3. a winner is chosen;
4. the contractor provides the work;
5. eventually the contract comes to an end
The Five
Stages of
Contract risk
1. CONTRACT DESIGN

Gagal menyusung kontrak yang efektif

menyebabkan :
1. Mendapatkan poor value of money, atau
mendapatkan pendapatan yang tidak
mencukupi.
2. Tidak menyertakan ruang lingkup yang
cukup
3. Gagal mengontrol IP
Minimizes risk :
“
▫ Memiliki kebijakan dan prosedur pengadaan dan pelelangan yang
jelas
▫ Tentukan secara akurat layanan apa yang Anda butuhkan
▫ Informasi ini perlu disediakan oleh para ahli.
▫ Identifikasi masalah apa yang mungkin Anda hadapi ketika
pekerjaan sedang dilakukan
▫ Pastikan bahwa syarat dan ketentuan dalam kontrak membatasi
risiko
▫ Menilai kemungkinan risiko
▫ Apakah Anda mengerti semua kata dalam kontrak?
2. AND 3.
• Anda harus memeriksa bahwa pihak lain adalah
TENDERING AND apa yang mereka klaim.
APPOINTMENT • Periksa apakah mereka sehat secara finansial dan
secara hukum dibentuk. Apakah mereka memiliki
kekuatan untuk melakukan apa yang mereka
katakan akan mereka lakukan?
4. IMPLEMENTATION

Meminimalisir resiko pada saat tahap implementasi:

▫ secara aktif mengelola kontrak, untuk
memastikan kontraktor melakukan pekerjaan
dengan benar dan menghindari penurunan
kualitas layanan
▫ memiliki informasi berkualitas yang
memungkinkan Anda melihat kapan kontrak tidak
berjalan sesuai standar yang dipersyaratkan.
5. TERMINATION Siapa pun yang menulis kontrak itu
menguntungkan mereka. Jadi jika Anda
menulisnya, biasanya tidak ada alasan untuk kata-
kata yang tidak membantu Anda menyelesaikan
masalah jika terjadi masalah.
Risk In the
Wording

Terdapat risiko-risiko dari
diksi (wording) yang dipilih
dalam kontrak. Hal-hal yang
harus diperhatikan
1. Obligation  “shall”, “will” >< “may”, “might”
2. Partnership  Terdapat konsekuensi dari partnership, termasuk
ketidakcakapan pihak ketiga.
3. Expression of Intent  Ketika kita sudah menunjukan akan
adanya kesepakatan, maka secara tidak langsung kita kehilangan
power dalam negosiasi.
4. Too wide of a scope  Perjelas dan batasi kewajiban tiap pihak
menggunakan diksi yang tepat.
5. Rendering the other side harmless  Risiko tuntutan pihak ketiga
di kemudian hari.
6. Warranties  Kata-kata yang menunjukkan jaminan dapat
berisiko di kemudian hari.
7. Vague words  Hindari kata-kata seperti “cukup”,“cocok”, dan
kata-kata rancu lainnya.
8. Obligation to pay within a time frame.
Product Liability Litigation
▫
“
Adanya kecacatan produk menjadi risko tersendiri bagi perusahaan.
▫ Contoh Kasus Klaim Terhadap Perushaan

1. Thelma Borel vs Fibreboard Paper Products  $79.000

2. US Tobacco Companies vs US Governments  $255 milyar
3. Stella Liebeck vs McDonald’s  $480.000

 Selalu tes produk secara menyeluruh dan detil sebelum launching untuk
menghindari risiko tuntutan hukum dan risiko lainnya di kemudian hari.
The Legal Risks of Emai
 Legal Risks
Legal liability for emails sent by employees
Court-ordered retrieval of emails
Confidentiality breaches
Lost productivity
Network congestion
Loss of reputation
Set an Email Policy
Safe use of internet and email
Netiquette
Personal use
Offensive content
Confidential Data
Reporting Abuse
Privacy
Other Steps to Take
Train staff
Use standard replies
Permanently delete
emails
Use an email disclaimer
Monitor emails
Monitor internet usage
Keep confidential
information safe
 “
Reducing the Risks of Litigation
Have good contracts
Manage human resources professionally
Don’t over-sell or over-claim
Keep solid paperwork
Train staff
Act ethically
How to Minimize
Impact of Litigation
and Countering
Litigation
Two options can minimize the effect of
future litigation:

 Reduce your physical  Protect your assets - by

assets by sub- sub-contracting production
contracting or offshoring it
production or
offshoring it
 Countering Litigation
Once you receive a solicitor’s letter, what steps can you
take?
 Avoid going to court if possible
 Get the CEO to talk directly with the
litigants, if possible
 Leave your ego behind
 Learn from the experience
 Employ legal advisors whose advice
you trust.
 Weigh up the strengths of the litigant
 Some litigants’ anger can be
assuaged by apologies
 Use an arbitration service
 Decide how central the litigation is to
your business.
 “
Risk Assessment
By answering the questions below, you
can check to see how vulnerable your
business is to liability, litigation, and IP
problems.
SCORE:
 0–3 points: low risk
 4–6 points: moderate risk
 7–10 points: high risk

“By entering the

results of this one,
you can compare the
risk of litigation and
IP issues against
other categories of
risk.”
Legal Risk Assessment
 “
The individual who carries out the legal risk
assessment should be equipped with the risk
assessments carried out in other parts of the business,
to see whether they are comprehensive and sound.

The legal risk assessment should examine applicable

legislation, to see whether the organization is
compliant.
Some areas are particularly
fraught, such as: ▫ Governance ▫ Emissions to air and
▫ Privacy water

▫ Disclosure ▫ Health and safety

▫ Packaging and waste ▫ Employment issues such

disposal as equality

▫ Contracts with suppliers, ▫ Data protection and

landlords, agencies and information security
other business partners
Legal risk comes to Acquisition
the fore in: JVs
Purchase of major assets such as
land and buildings
Doing business abroad