a P erkin E lmer c omp an y

PATIENT SAFETY

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SAFETY

 S – Sense the error

 A – Act to prevent it
 F – Follow safety guidelines
 E – Enquire into accidents / deaths
 T – Take appropriate remedial measure
 Y – Your responsibility

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Importance of safety in Hospitals

 People intensive place

 Provide services round the clock 24 x 7 daily, 365 days
 Free access to enter any part of the hospital for advice and treatment
 Environment in hospital is filled with emotions, excitement, life & happiness,
death & sorrow
 Since hospital operates under continuous strain, it gives threatening the life
of hospital staff & hospital properties

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Who’s Safety

Place
People

Property

HOSPITAL SAFETY
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Safety of Place

Infrastructur
e

Electrical &
Fire
Mechanical

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Safety of Property

Stores
Assets
Equipments

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Safety of People

Visitors

Patient

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Patient Safety

 Patient’s safety is the absence of preventable harm to a patient

during the process of healthcare.
 The discipline of patient safety is the coordinated efforts to prevent
harm to patients, caused by the process of healthcare itself.
 It is generally agreed upon that the meaning of patient safety is…
“Please do not harm”

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Origin of Patient Safety Concept

Hippocratic Oath
 I will prescribe regimens for the good of my patients according to my
ability and my judgement and “never do harm” to anyone.
 Improving Patient Safety means reducing patient harm.
 Hospitals were founded to give care to those who need it and to keep
patients safe is their more duty.

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Current Environment

 Errors and system failures repeated

 Action on known risks is very low
 Detection systems in their infancy
 Many events not reported
 Understanding of causes limited
 Few examples of successful scale up
 Limited measurement of impact
 Blame culure “Alive and Well”
 Defensiveness and secrecy

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Medical Errors

 1 in 10 patients admitted to hospital suffers an adverse event

 The institute of Medicine in their study found out that in USA
 Medical error injures 1 in 25 hospital patients
 Kills about 44,000 to 98,000 patients every year
 Medical errors cost the United States billions of dollars each year

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How dangerous is healthcare
 Less than 1 death per 1,00,000 encounters
• Nuclear power
• European railroads
• Scheduled airlines
 One death in less than 1,00,000 but more than 1000 encounters
• Driving
• Chemical manufacturing
 More than one death per 1000 encounters
• Bungee jumping
• Mountain climbing
• Healthcare
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Who’s Error

 66% - Accidents caused entirely by patient

 16% - Accidents due to error by hospital staff
B
 14% - Accidents staff and patient both equally responsible A 16%
66%
 4% - Accidents due to physical, mechanical or electrical errors
C
D 14%
4%

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Why Error

 In most cases fault is not wilful negligence, but systemic flaws,

inadequate communication and wide-spread process variation and
patient ignorance
 People responsible are the doctors, nurses, pharmacists, technicians
and patient

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Patient Safety Goal

 Improve the accuracy of patient identification

 Improve the effectiveness of communication among caregivers
 Improve the safety of using medications
 Reduce the risk of healthcare associated infections
 Accurately and completely reconcile medications across the
continuum of care.
 Reduce the risk of patient harm resulting from falls
 Special emphasis on Dangerous abbreviations, infection control,
“Look alike and sound alike” medications, time outs.

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Principle of Patient Safety
• Proper identification of patient and matching to their care elements

• Prevention of patient handover error and safety during transition

• Assigning medical accuracy while giving care to a patient

• Performance of correct procedure at correct bodysite

• Take appropriate precautionary measures to avoid infection

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Types of Safety

Environmental Medical Safety Surgical

Safety Safety

Equip. install. Patient Safety Electrical

Safety Safety

Blood Safety Sanitation Laboratory

Infection Safety
Control BMW
Disposal

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Work Environment Safety

 There is a direct link between work environment and patient safety

 Therefore, if not addressing work environment, we are not addressing
patient safety
 Healthy work environments do not just happen
 Therefore, if we do not have a formal program in place addressing
work environment issue, little will change
 Creating healthy environments require changing long-standing
cultures, traditions and hierarchies

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Environment Safety
 Adequate light

 Adequate ventilation, exhaust fan

 Stairs with handrails

 Window-door-closer

 Slip preventing floors

 Fire extinguishers and fire alarms

 Prevent noise pollution

 Heavy and fixed beds

 Safe wheel chairs and trolleys

 No water logging in bathrooms

 Call bell system for patients

 Adequate no. of bed screens to maintain privacy of the patient

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Installation Hazards
 Regular checking of equipments

 Proper earthing to avoid shock

 Regular maintenance & repair

 Training of nurses & technical staff

 How do you control hazards?

• Preventing inadvertent harm to patients requires use of human factors engineering principles
 “Hierarchy of Hazard Control”

• Eliminate hazard
• Guard against hazard
• Train to avoid hazards
• Warn against hazards

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Electrical Safety

 Safety fuses with each equipment

 No loose wires or connection
 Properly plugged and fixed
 If short circuit, call electrician
 Electrical backup battery / generator
 Use of CVT / UPS

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Fire Safety

 Use fire proof material for construction

 Have fire exit in all buildings
 Smoke detectors and water sprinklers on the roof of all floors
 Fire extinguishers in all areas
 Fire hydrants in all buildings
 Training in fire management

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Thank you

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