Sie sind auf Seite 1von 17

ATOMS:

INSIDE OUT
SOME PROPERTIES OF THE
THREE MAIN SUBATOMIC
Subatomic
PARTICLES
Charge Mass, grams Location in the
particle (symbol) Atom

Electrons (e-) -1 9.109 x 10-28 Outside nucleus


Protons (p+) +1 1.672 x 10-24 Nucleus
Neutrons (n0) 0 1.675 x 10-24 Nucleus
•You have seen that
protons and neutrons
are “massive indeed”.
• Electrons are very much
lighter than the protons and
neutrons, to the point that its
mass does not significantly
contribute to the mass of the
entire atom. In effect, the
mass of the electron is
negligible.
• Collectively, the protons and neutrons
are called NUCLEONS.
• The nucleons, tightly packed together,
form the NUCLEUS in the center of
the atom.
• Thus, most of the mass of an atom
contained in the nucleus.
DIFFERENT
MODELS OF THE
ATOM
• The excitement comes from
guessing about something that
is unseen.
• The scientists had to look for
ways to find out what the eyes
cannot see.
• When the idea of the atom
was first proposed by the
ancient Greeks, they thought
it was a particle with no parts.
• However, towards the 19th century,
Joseph John Thomson was able to
discover that atoms have
negatively-charged particles, which
he called ELECTRONS. It led him to
propose a new model for the atom,
which he called the PLUM
PUDDING MODEL.
• A group of scientists composed of
Ernest Rutherford, Johannes “Hans”
Wilhelm Geiger and Ernest Marsden
tested Thomson’s model by bombarding
a very thin sheet of gold foil with
positively-charged alpha particles. Their
experiment is referred to as the ALPHA
PARTICLE SCATTERING EXPERIMENT.
• To account for the deflections and the rare
occasions of very large deflections, Rutherford,
in 1911, suggested a different structure of the
atom where all the positive charge and nearly all
the mass of the atom were concentrated in a
very tiny region called nucleus at the center of
the atom.
•The other puzzle about the
atom concerns the
electrons.
• On of the models of the electrons in
atoms is the planetary model where
the electrons were thought to move
in orbits around the nucleus similar
to the way planets move around the
sun.
What we do know:
• The electron although it is negatively-charged
does not collapse into the positively-charged
nucleus
• There is attraction between the nucleus and
the electron, evidence of which is that energy
is required to remove an electron from the
atom.
ACTIVITY

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen