Unit 2: Chemistry

Lesson 2: Classifying Matter

Essential Questions:
1.) What is matter made of?
2.) What are two types of
mixtures?
What is matter made of?

A substance that cannot be broken Element

down into any other substances by
chemical or physical means

Elements are the simplest substances

They are identified by physical and chemical
properties
They are represented by one or two letter symbols
Each element has:

physical and chemical properties

one or two letter symbols

The basic particle from which Atom
all elements are made

All matter is made of atoms

It has a positively charged center, or nucleus,
surrounded by a “cloud” of negative charge
Elements have different properties because
their atoms are different
 Atom

Positively
charged
nucleus and
smaller
particles

Cloud of
negative
charge
A force of attraction between Chemical bond
two atoms

A group of two or more atoms Molecules

held together by chemical bonds

The atoms can be atoms of the same element

or different elements
 Water is a molecule made up
of an oxygen atom chemically
bonded to two hydrogen
atoms.

Oxygen atom

Oxygen molecules are made

up of two oxygen atoms
chemically bonded.

Chemical bond
In Class Activity
A substance made of two or more Compound
elements that are chemically
combined in a set ratio

This formula shows the elements Chemical Formula

in the compound and the ratio of
atoms

The chemical formula for

water is H2O. There are two
hydrogen atoms and 1
oxygen atom in water.
  When elements combine, they form
compounds with properties different
from those of the elements.

Chemistry Textbook page 11

What are the two types of mixtures?

Two or more substances that are Mixture

together in the same place,
but their atoms are not chemically bonded

Each substance in a mixture keeps its own properties

The parts can be separated

A salad is a mixture. It includes

lettuce, carrots, tomatoes, onions and
croutons. You can separate the
items.
In this mixture, you can usually see Heterogeneous
the different parts and they
can be separated

In this mixture, the substances Homogeneous

are so evenly mixed that you
can’t see the different parts
Mixtures
Which of these foods are
heterogeneous and which
are homogeneous?
How can you separate a mixture?