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1. Synthesis reactions
2. Decomposition reactions
3. Single displacement reactions
4. Double displacement reactions
5. Combustion reactions
Could be synthesis
Ion swap
1. Synthesis
C + O O O C O
General: A + B AB
Ex. Synthesis Reaction
Synthesis Reaction
(Combination)
How to predict Synthesis Rxn
All simple Synthesis Reactions begin with:
element + element → In the example: Al + O2 →
Write the metal (element w/ a positive oxidation number) 1st & the
nonmetal (element w/ a negative oxidation number) 2nd.
AlO
Now use subscripts to make the oxidation numbers total zero. (aluminum
is +3 and oxygen is −2)
Al+3O-2 then criss cross applesauce Al2O3
Na(s) + Cl2(g)
Mg(s) + F2(g)
Al(s) + F2(g)
Cl Na Cl + Na
General: AB A + B
Decomposition Reaction
(Break Down)
How to predict Decomposition Rxn
All simple Decomposition Reactions begin with:
compound →
B2O3
AlCl3
2B2O3 4B + 3O2
Cu Zn
Cl Cl + Zn Cl Cl + Cu
Cu was reduced
*We will discuss reduction later
Went from (+2) to Neutral (0)
General: AB + C AC + B
Ex. Single Replacement Reaction
Single Displacement Reaction
(1-2 Switch)
How to predict Single Replacement Rxn
All simple Single Replacement Reactions begin with:
element + compound →
Zinc (with a positive oxidation number +2) will switch places with the
positive part of the compound.
H + ZnCl
• NaCl(s) + F2(g)
• Al(s) + Cu(NO3)2(aq)
*For solutions we will determine what is solid and what is aqueous later
STOP
• Watch video of Single Replacement Demo
– Copper (II) sulfate
4. Double displacement
Mg Ca Mg Ca
+ +
O S S O
General: AB + CD AD + CB
Double Replacement Reaction
(The Swingers)
How to predict Double Replacement Rxn
All simple Double Displacement Reactions begin with:
compound + compound →
Another example:
1) Fuel (hydrocarbon)
2) Oxygen
3) Something to ignite the
reaction (spark)
Combustion Reactions
• In general:
CxHy + O2 CO2 + H2O
• Products are ALWAYS
carbon dioxide and water.
– incomplete burning does cause
some by-products like carbon
monoxide
• Combustion is used to heat
homes and run automobiles
(octane, as in gasoline, is C8H18)
You can generally balance Combustion reactions in the order of CHO:
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
C10H22 + O2
1. BaCl2 + H2SO4
2. C6H12 + O2
3. Zn + CuSO4
4. Cs + Br2
5. FeCO3
Mixed Practice - Answers
State the type & predict the products.