THE SOUNDS OF LANGUAGE

LECTURER:
DEWA S.S, M. HUM
 PHONETICS

Phonetics is the study of how speech sounds are made,

or articulated.

1. Articulary Phonetics
2. Acoustic Phonetics
3. Auditory Phonetics
THE ORGANS OF ARTICULATION
Vocal Organs- articulators
 VOICED AND VOICELESS SOUNDS

 Voiced sounds are made with vocal crease vibrations.

 Example:
 Voiceless sounds are made without vibrations.
 Example:

 For example, P and B are produced in the same place

in the mouth with the tongue in the same position.
The only diffrence is that P is an unvoiceds sound
(no vibration of the vocal cords) while B is a voiced
sound (vocal cords vibrate)
 PLACE OF ARTICULATION

Place of articulation is the location at which two speech

organs approach or come together in producing a
speech sound.

Bilabials: Bilabials are consonant sounds produced by

using both lips together.
Example: bump
Labiodentals: Labiodentals are also pretty straight
forward; they are articulated by using both the lower
lip and the upper front teeth.
Example: favor
Dentals: Some languages have dental consonants where
only the tongue and the teeth are used. English has two

Places of articulation

Bilabial- two lips [b, p, m]

Example:
Labiodental- upper teeth & lower lip [f, v]
Example:
Dental- between the teeth [θ, ð ]
Example:
Alveolar- front part of the tongue on alveola
ridge [s, z, n, t, d, l]
Example:
Palatal- front part of the tongue on the hard
palate [ʃ, ʒ, tʃ, dʒ, j]
Example:
 Places of articulation- English
 Where in the vocal tract the
airflow is restricted.
 Bilabial- two lips [b, p, m]
 Labiodental- upper teeth & lower
lip [f, v]
 Dental- between the teeth [θ, ð ]
 Alveolar- front part of the tongue
on alveolar ridge [s, z, n, t, d, l]
 Palatal- front part of the tongue
on the hard palate [ʃ, ʒ, tʃ, dʒ, j]
 Velar- the back of the tongue on
the velum [k, g, ŋ]
 Glottal- through open glottis [h]

Places of articulation
Bilabial- two lips [b, p, m]
Labiodental- upper teeth & lower lip [f, v]
Dental- between the teeth [θ, ð ]
Alveolar- front part of the tongue on
alveolar ridge [s, z, n, t, d, l]
Palatal- front part of the tongue on the
hard palate [ʃ, ʒ, tʃ, dʒ, j]
Velar- the back of the tongue on the velum
[k, g, ŋ]
Glottal- through open glottis [h]
Consonants
Consonants
 MANNER OF ARTICULATION

Manner of articulation is describing the manner in which

these mouth organs trigger or produced speech sounds.

1. Stops
2. Fricatives
3. Affricatives
4. Nasals
5. Liquids
6. Glides
7. The glottal stop and the flap
 VOWELS

Vowels sounds are produced with a relatively free flow

of air.
The English vowels are A,E,I,O, and U.

Example:
Cat : /kæt/
Paper: /ˈpeɪ.pər/
 Consonants & Vowels
 Sounds

Sounds

Consonants Vowels
Obstruction of airflow Free flow of air
THANK
YOU