SUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENT

HGDR
 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
The use of renewable and nonrenewable
resources in a manner that satisfies our
current needs but does not compromise the
future availability of resources
 According to the UN, sustainable
development “meets the needs of the
present without sacrificing the ability of
future generations to meet their own
needs.”
 BORGHESI & VERCELLI, 2008
 The relationship between globalization
and sustainability is multi-dimensional
---it involves economic, political and
technological aspects.
 ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
 Development, especially economic
development was hastened by the
Industrial Revolution.
 EFFICIENCY
 Finding the quickest possible way of
producing large amounts of a particular
product.
 This process made by buying of goods
easier for the people.
 Then there is an increased demand,
ultimately there was an increased
efficiency.
 Destruction of coral reefs and marine
biodiversity as more and more wastes are
thrown into the ocean
 Many experts do not think that the planet can
sustain a growing global economy.
 Deforestation, pollution and climate change
will not adjust for us especially if increases in
living standards lead people to demand more
consumer goods like cars, meat and
smartphones.
 Neoliberals and environmentalists debate the
impact of free trade on the environment.
(Harvey, 2005)
 Environmentalists argue that environmental
issues should be given priority over economic
issues (Antonio, 2007)
 Ecological modernization theory sees
globalization as a process that can both protect
and enhance the environment. (Yearly, 2007)
 Barrionuevo, 2007 stated that the use of
ethanol as an alternative to gasoline has an
attendant set of problems---it is less efficient
and it has led to an escalation in the price of
corn, which currently serves a major source
of ethanol. Although biofuels themselves
produce lower emissions, their extraction
and transport contribute significantly to total
emissions.
 Instead of dealing with the causes
of global warming, there is some
interest in “technological fixes: such
as geoengineering (Dean, 2007).
 TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE
 Solutions must meet
environmental, economic,
and social goals
simultaneously to satisfy the
triple bottom line
 NEIGHBORHOOD SUSTAINABILITY

 Water
 Waste Management
 Green Space
 Community Space
 Food
 Walkable Urbanism
FOOD SECURITY

HGDR
The demand for food will be 60% greater
than it is today and the challenge of food
security requires the world to feed 9 billion
people by 2050 (Breene, 2016).

HGDR
 GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY
 Means delivering sufficient food to the
entire world population.
 It is, therefore the priority of all countries,
whether developed or less developed.
 The security of food also means the
sustainability of society such as population
growth, climate change, water scarcity and
agriculture.
 Cited the case of India to show how
BREENE, 2016 complex the issue of food security in
relation to other factors.

 Agriculture accounts for 18% of the economy’s

output and 47% of its workforce. India is the second
biggest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world.
Yet according to the Food and Agriculture Organization
(FAO) of the United Nations, some 194 million Indians
are undernourished, the largest number of hungry
people in any single country. An estimated 15.2% of
the population in India are too malnourished to lead a
normal life. A third of the world’s malnourished
children live in India.
A major environmental problem is the destruction of
natural habitats, particularly through deforestation
(Diamond, 2006)

Industrial fishing has contributed to a significant

destruction of marine life and ecosystems. (Goldburg, 2008)

HGDR
Another significant environmental challenge is that
of the decline in the availability of fresh water (Conca, 2006)
The decline in the water supply because of
degradation of soil or desertification (Glantz, 1977),
has transformed what was the globe experience a
disproportionate share of water-related problems.
HGDR
 Pollution through toxic chemicals has had a
long-term impact on the environment.
 Ultimately global warming poses a threat to the
global supply of food as well as to human health
(Brown, 2007)

HGDR
 Furthermore, population growth and its
attendant increase in consumption intensify
ecological problems. The global flow of
dangerous debris is another major concern, with
electronic waste often dumped in developing
countries.
 There are different models and agenda pushed
by different organizations to address the issue
of global food security, one of this is through
sustainability.
 Global
Citizenship
HGDR
GLOBAL
CITIZENSHIP
• develop critical thinking about complex global
isssues
• explore, develop, express your values and
opinions
• listening to and respecting other people’s point of
view
• how to exercise your own rights and your
responsibilities to others
21ST CENTURY
CONTEXT
We are linked to others on every continent:

• socially through telecommunications

• culturally through movements of people
• economically through trade
• environmentally through sharing one planet
• politically through international systems of regulations
 Socially and culturally
through the media and
telecommunications

Economically
through trade
GLOBAL CITIZEN Environmentally
through sharing
one planet

Politically through
international relations
and systems of
regulation
A GLOBAL CITIZEN
• has an understanding of how the world
works
• respects and values diversity
• is outraged by social injustice
• participates in the community
• is willing to make the world a more equitable
and sustainable place
• takes responsibility for his or her actions
 EDUCATION OF GLOBAL
CITIZENSHIP IS:
• Asking questions and developing critical thinking
skills
• equipping young people with knowledge, skills and
values to participate as active citizens
• acknowledging the complexity of global issues
• revealing the global as part of everyday life
• understanding how we relate to the environment
and to other human beings
KNOWLEDGE
• Social justice and equity
• diversity
• globalisation and interdependence
• sustainable development
• peace and conflict
SKILLS
• Critical thinking
• ability to argue effectively
• ability to challenge injustice and social
inequalities
• respect for people and things
• co-operation and conflict resolution
 VALUES AND
ATTITUDES
• sense of identity and self-esteem
• empathy
• commitment to social justice and equity
• value and respect for diversity
• concern for the environment and commitment to
sustainable development
• belief that people can make a difference
 ECONOMICALLY
Economic
Stability Interdependence

Trade
Development
ENVIRONMENTALLY
 “duty of care” “one with virtues of care and compassion”
“nurturing with responsibility”

“Green Citizens” “ecological citizenship” “stewards of the earth”

 EQUITABLE
POLITICALLY
RESPEC
E
T
T
FAIR H
RESPONSE I
S C
JUST A
L
• Global citizenship nurtures personal
respect and respect for others,
wherever they live.
• It encourages individuals to think deeply
and critically about what is equitable
and just, and what will minimize harm to
our planet.
• Requires a set of guiding principles
that will shape ethical and fair
responses.

"An ethic of care for the world”.

-Hannah Arendt
"An ethic of care for the
world”. Hannah Arendt
 SUMMARY

GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP
• is a way of living that recognises our world
is an increasingly complex web of
connections and interdependencies.
• One in which our choices and actions may
have repercussions for people and
communities locally, nationally or
internationally.
REFERENCES
• Schattle, Hans. 2007. The Practices of Global Citizenship . Lanham: Rowman and
Littlefield Publishers, Inc.

• Schattle, Hans. 2009. “Global Citizenship in Theory and Practice.” In The

Handbook of Practice and Research in Study Abroad:Higher Education and the
Quest for Global Citizenship, ed. R. Lewin. New York: Routledge.

• Green, Madeleine F. Global Citizenship – What Are We Talking About and Why
Does It Matter? https://globalhighered.wordpress.com/2012/03/11/global-
citizenship/
But… there are two Achilles’ heels of globalization. There
is the Achilles heel of growing inequality – those that are
left out, those that feel angry, those that are not
participating… The second Achilles’ heel is complexity – a
growing fragility, a growing brittleness. What happens in
one place very quickly affects everything else. This is a
systematic risk, systematic shock. We’ve seen it in the
financial crisis. We’ve seen it in the pandemic flu. It will
become virulent and it is something we have to build
resilience against.

(Ian Goldin, Director of the 21st Century School, Oxford,

UK: 2009)