TOPIC 3:

FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM

 AHLI KUMPULAN

NAMA AHLI KUMPULAN NO MATRIK

SHAFIQAH BINTI MOHAMAD SAKRI 04DUB19F1069
NUR ALEEYA AZIRA BT AZMI 04DUB19F1045
NUR ATHIRAH ASWANI BT RAZMAN 04DUB19F1015
NUR FARAH MASYITA BT JAAFAR 04DUB19F1018
NUR FARAH NAJWA BINTI MOHD ARIFIN 04DUB19F1087
FIRE ELEMENTS

OXYGEN

HEAT

FUEL
 FIRE CAUSES

 NEGLIGENCE ON THE USE OF MOSQUITO COILS, GAS STOVE AND FUEL

FLAMMABLE
 IMPERFECT ELECTRICAL WIRING
 USE COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL IN THE BUILDING
 NEGLIGENCE IN THE USE OF ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES AND DAMAGED
HARDWARE
 FIRE SPREADING FACTORS

HEST
AIR WIND
TRANSFER
MOISTURE DIRECTION
RATE

THE
SURFACE
OF
MATERIAL
 PASSIVE FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM

 DEFINITION
Structural elements of the
building that is capable of
1.Emergency exit
performing his duties without
assistance/ require
assistance to curb / restrict
the spread of smoke into the 2.
TYPES Compartmentation
building during fire

3. Construction
material
CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL

STONE CONCRETE
BUILDING
BOARD
WOOD BRICK
 ACTIVE FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM

1. TO DETECT THE EARLY STAGE OF FIRE

2. TO GIVE THE FIRE EMERGENCY WARNING
3. TO HELP PEOPLE RESCUING THEMSELVES
4. TO GIVE ON EARLY STAGE OF HELP
TYPES OF ACTIVE PORTABLE ACTIVE SYSTEM
SYSTEM #FIRE EXTINGUISHER
1- PORTABLE #FIRE BLANKET
2- FIXED
 FIRE EXTINGUISHER

 A portable fire extinguisher must contain the type of fire extinguishing

agent suitable for the fire it is required to extinguish.
 It must also be clearly indentifiable by colour coding for its intended
purpose.
 Fires can be grouped;
*SOLID FUELS e.G WOOD, PAPER AND CLOTTH
*FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS e.G PETROL, OIL, PAINTS AND FATS
*FLAMMABLE GASES e.G METHANE,PROPANE ,ACETYLENE
*FLAMMABLE METALS e.G ZINC, ALUMINIUM,URANIUM
 TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER

DRY
WATER FOAM CO2
CHEMICAL
• PAPER • FLAMMABL • ELECTRICA • ALL TYPES
• WOODS E L FIRE OF FIRE
• Co2 FIRE • LIQUIDS • FLAMMABL
• OILS E LIQUIDS
 WATER ( paper, woods & co2
fire )

 Water is pressurized cylinders may be used for carbonaceous fires and

these are commonly deployed in office, school, hotel, etc.
 Although water is a very good cooling agent, it is inappropriate for
some types if fire.
 It is immiscible with oils and is a conductor of electricity.
 FOAM (flammable liquids, oils, etc)

o Foam is formed by chemical reaction between sodium bicarbonate and

aluminium sulphate dissolved in water in the presence of a foaming
agent.
o When the extinguisher is inverted the chemicals are mixed to create
foam under pressure which is forced out of the nazzle.
o Frozen if placed in a cool place.
CO2 ( electrical fires & flammable
liquids )

 Carbon dioxide is pressurised as a liquid inside a cylinder

 Does not impinge/colourless/odourless
 Disadvantages
 Not refillable
 Unreasonable weighing
 DRY CHEMICAL ( all type of fire )

 Act more effectively than others

 But just use once
 USING THE FIRE EXTINGUISHER

PULL THE PIN

AIM NOZEL TO THE FIRE

SQUEEZE THE TRIGGER

SWEEP NOZEL TO LEFT AND RIGHT

 FIRE BLANKET
 THEY EXCLUDE OXYGEN FROM THE FIRE
 EFFECTIVE AGAINST SMALL FIRE
 WIDELY USED IN KITCHENS AND WELDING STOPS
 ASBESTOS BLANKET CAUSE NO DAMAGE OR CONTAMINATION
 FIXED ACTIVE SYSTEM

FIRE HYDRANT

FIRE ALARM SYSTEM

SPRINKLER SYSTEM

SMOKE / HEAT DETECTOR

THE END
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR
ATTENTION