3-3 Least Common Multiple

Preview

Warm Up
California Standards
Lesson Presentation

Holt CA Course 1
 3-3 Least Common Multiple
Warm Up
Write the prime factorization of each
number.
1. 68
2. 225
3. 940
Find the greatest common divisor.
4. 27 and 45
5. 32 and 80

Holt CA Course 1
 3-3 Least Common Multiple

California
Standards
NS2.4 Determine the least
common multiple and the greatest
common divisor of whole numbers;
use them to solve problems with
fractions (e.g. to find a common
denominator to add two fractions or to
find the reduced form of a fraction).

Holt CA Course 1
 3-3 Least Common Multiple

Vocabulary
multiple
least common multiple (LCM)

Holt CA Course 1
 3-3 Least Common Multiple

The tires on Kendra’s truck should be rotated

every 7,500 miles and the oil filter should be
replaced every 5,000 miles. What is the
lowest mileage at which both services are due
at the same time? To find the answer, you can
use least common multiples.

Holt CA Course 1
 3-3 Least Common Multiple

A multiple of a number is a product of that

number and a nonzero whole number. Some
multiples of 7,500 and 5,000 are as follows:

7,500: 7,500, 15,000, 22,500, 30,000, 37,500, 45,000, . . .

5,000: 5,000, 10,000, 15,000, 20,000, 25,000, 30,000, . . .

A common multiple of two or more numbers

is a number that is a multiple of each of the
given numbers. So 15,000 and 30,000 are
common multiples of 7,500 and 5,000.

Holt CA Course 1
 3-3 Least Common Multiple

The least common multiple (LCM) of two

or more numbers is the common multiple
with the least value. The LCM of 7,500 and
5,000 is 15,000. This is the lowest mileage
at which both services are due at the same
time.

Holt CA Course 1
 3-3 Least Common Multiple
Additional Example 1: Using a List to Find the LCM
Find the least common multiple (LCM).

A. 2, 7
Multiples of 2: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 List some multiples of
each number.
Multiples of 7: 7, 14, 21, 28, 35
Find the least value that
The LCM is 14.
is in both lists.
B. 3, 6, 9
Multiples of 3: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21
List some multiples of
Multiples of 6: 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 each number.
Multiples of 9: 9, 18, 27, 36, 45
Find the least value that
The LCM is 18. is in all the lists.

Holt CA Course 1
 3-3 Least Common Multiple
Check It Out! Example 1

Find the least common multiple (LCM).

A. 3, 7
Multiples of 3: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21
Multiples of 7: 7, 14, 21, 28
The LCM is 21.
B. 2, 6, 4
Multiples of 2: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14
Multiples of 6: 6, 12, 18
Multiples of 4: 4, 8, 12
The LCM is 12.
List some multiples of
each number.
Find the least value
that is in both lists.
List some multiples of
each number.
Find the least value
that is in all the lists.

Holt CA Course 1
 3-3 Least Common Multiple
Additional Example 2A: Using Prime Factorization
to Find the LCM

Find the least common multiple (LCM).

60, 130

60 = 2  2  3  5 Write the prime factorization of

each number.
130 = 2  5  13 Circle the common prime factors.
2, 2, 3, 5, 13 List the prime factors, using
the circled factors only once.
2  2  3  5  13 Multiply the factors in the list.
The LCM is 780.

Holt CA Course 1
 3-3 Least Common Multiple
Additional Example 2B: Using Prime Factorization
to Find the LCM

Find the least common multiple (LCM).

14, 35, 49

14 = 2  7 Write the prime factorization of

each number.
35 = 5  7
49 = 7  7 Circle the common prime factors.
List the prime factors, using
2, 5, 7, 7 the circled factors only once.
2577 Multiply the factors in the list.

The LCM is 490.

Holt CA Course 1
 3-3 Least Common Multiple
Check It Out! Example 2A

Find the least common multiple (LCM).

50, 110

50 = 2  5  5 Write the prime factorization of

each number.
110 = 2  5  11 Circle the common prime factors.
List the prime factors, using
2, 5, 5, 11
the circled factors only once.
2  5  5  11 Multiply the factors in the list.
The LCM is 550.

Holt CA Course 1
 3-3 Least Common Multiple
Check It Out! Example 2B

Find the least common multiple (LCM).

18, 36, 54

18 = 2  3  3 Write the prime factorization of

each number.
36 = 2  2  3  3 Circle the common prime factors.
54 = 2  3  3  3
List the prime factors, using
2, 2, 3, 3, 3 the circled factors only once.
22333 Multiply the factors in the list.
The LCM is 108.

Holt CA Course 1
 3-3 Least Common Multiple
Additional Example 3: Application

Mr. Washington will set up the band chairs all

in rows of 6 or all in rows of 8. What is the
least number of chairs he will set up?
Find the LCM of 6 and 8.

6=23
8=222
The LCM is 2  2  2  3 = 24.
He will set up at least 24 chairs.

Holt CA Course 1
 3-3 Least Common Multiple
Check It Out! Example 3
Two satellites are put into orbit over the same
location at the same time. One orbits the earth every
24 hours, while the second completes an orbit every
18 hours. How much time will elapse before they are
once again over the same location at the same time?
Find the LCM of 24 and 18.
24 = 2  2  2  3
18 = 2  3  3
The LCM is 2  2  2  3  3 = 72.
72 hours will elapse before they are over the
same location at the same time.

Holt CA Course 1
 3-3 Least Common Multiple
Lesson Quiz
Find the least common multiple (LCM).

1. 18, 21 2. 24, 27

3. 4, 6, 15 4. 4, 8, 16
5. You are planning a picnic. You can purchase
paper plates in packages of 30, paper napkins
in packages of 50, and paper cups in packages
of 20. What is the least number of each type of
package that you can buy and have an equal
number of each?

Holt CA Course 1