ENGLISH

PHONETIC
S
Useful basic information
on pronunciation
peculiarities
 English alphabet
Aa [ei] Bb [bi:] Cc [si:] Dd [di:] Ee [i:] Ff [ef]

Gg [dʒi:] Hh [eitʃ] Ii [ai] Jj [dʒei] Kk [kei] Ll [el]

Mm [em] Nn [en] Oo [ou] Pp [pi:] Qq [kju:] Rr [a:]

Ss [es] Tt [ti:] Uu [ju:] Vv [vi:] Ww [dʌbl ju:] Xx

[eks]

Yy [wai] Zz [zed]
 English sounds
Consonants Monophthongs Diphthongs
[b] = б; [p] = п; [d] = д; [t] = т; [k] = [ʌ] = очень краткий звук а; [e] = [əʊ] = близок к русскому
к; э; звукосочетанию оу с более
кратким у;
[g] = г; [f] = ф; [v] = в; [l] = л; [n] = н; [ʊ] = краткoe у;
[m] = м; [h] = x; [s] = с; [z] = з; [aʊ] = ~ay (очень короткий звук
[æ] = среднее между э и а, у);
[j] = й (мягкий); [r] = р (картавое); произносится кратко;
[ei] = ~эй;
[ŋ] = н (носовой); [i] = краткое и, близкое к
мягкому ы; [ɔi] = ~ой;
[w] = ~произнесение у+в
одновременно; [ɒ] = среднее между o и а; [iə] = ~иа (краткий звук а);
[ʃ] = ш; [ʒ] = ж; [tʃ] = ч;
[ə] = среднее между [ai] = ~ай;
[dʒ] = ~дж (артикулируется так же, безударными звуками а и э;
как [tʃ], но произносится звонко); [ʊə] = ~ya;
[u:] = длительное [ʊ]; [ɔ:] =
[θ] = ~c+ф (звук, получающийся при длительное открытое о; [eə] = ~эа
помещении кончика языка между
зубами и проталкивании воздуха в [i:] = ~долгое и;
образовавшуюся щель);
[a:] = длительное открытое а;
[ð] = ~з (артикулируется так же, как
[θ], но произносится звонко) [ɜ:] = ~ё
Pronunciation comparisons

“th” as [ð] “th” as [θ]

■ In the definite article the; ■ Usually, in all other cases:
■ In pronouns: this, that, thought, thin, thick,
there, etc.; eleventh, month, bath,
thorough, through, etc.
■ At the end of words before
the letter “e”: bathe,
breathe, etc.;
■ Function words: conjunctions
– neither, though;
prepositions – with.
Pronunciation comparisons
G with vowels
■ G with a, o, u sounds as [g]:
gas, guitar, gold, gum, gap
etc.
■ G with e, i, y sounds as [dʒ]:
general, ginger, gym, gypsy
etc.
■ Or, gigantic, gorgeous 
C with vowels
■ C with a, o, u sounds as [k]:
cat, cotton, colour, cup,
cuddle, comedy, etc.
■ C with e, i, y sounds as [s]:
circle, city, center, cell, cycle
etc.
 Other pronunciation tricks

Endings –ing, -er, -re Prefixes “re-”, “de-”

Last letters pronunciation in such Usually, pronounced as “ri:-”, “di:-”
words is usually avoided: (they are unstressed):
Reorder, recover, decode,
swimming, cover, teacher, demilitarize, etc.
gaming, register, flower,
picture, figure, lecture, etc. Words of Latin origin with re-/de- at
the beginning are also pronounced
as “ri:-”, “di:-”, even though the
second parts of these words are not
used as independent elements in
English:

responsibility, derive, deceive,

etc.
Sch in English
“sch” in words of “sch” in words of
Latin/Greek origin is Latin/Greek origin is
pronounced as [sk] pronounced as [ʃ]
■ Schedule; ■ Schnauzer;
■ School; ■ Schnitzel;
■ Scheme; ■ Schneider, etc.;
■ Schema, etc.;
 “cc” in English
“cc” is pronounced “cc” is pronounced
“cc” is pronounced as [k] when it is as [tʃ] in words that
as [ks] when it is followed by any are borrowed from
followed by e or i other sound Italian
 accident  accuse  cappuccino (a type of coffee)
 accent  accommodate  fettuccine (a type of pasta), etc.
 access  occur
 accessory  broccoli
 eccentric  occasion
 accelerate  accurate
 accept, ect.  occupy
 tobacco
 zucchini, etc.