DATABASE CONCEPTS

Pankaj Joge
pankaj.joge@gmail.com
Mobile # 9617661234
WHAT IS DATABASE?
Collection of Coherent data with some

Inherent meaning.
Database are designed, built and
populated with data for a specific purpose
Example: Postal Address and what else?

Difference between Address Book and

Postal Address

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Examples of database in real life

A telephone book Motor vehicle registration records

T.V. Guide Papers in your filing cabinet

Airline reservation system Files on your computer.

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DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
System that helps in managing data

Allows inserting, updating, deleting and processing.

Examples: Oracle, Ingress, Sybase, Dbase 3+, Foxbase,

Foxpro, MS Access, Dataease, Dataflex and so on..

Objects, their attributes and the relationship between

them (that are of interest to us) are stored in the database

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DBMS Vs File Management System
A FMS is how data is stored on computer in Drives

By placing data electronically in files.

These files are then stored in specific locations on the
hard disk (directories).
If the user wishes to perform some operation he has to
scroll through all the data by himself in order to see the
data he is interested in.
A user has to know where he put the files that contain
the data and also if there are multiple files.

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DBMS Vs File Management System
A Database Management System intends to :

 Remove the burden of manually locating data.

 Having to scroll through it by allowing the user to

create a logical structure for the data beforehand.

 Allowing the user to place the data in the database that

the DBMS is managing.

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Functions of DBMS
DATA DEFINITION
●

DATA MAINTENANCE
●

DATA MANIPULATION
●

DATA DISPLAY
●

DATA INTEGRITY
●

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Benefits of DBMS
Establishes Relationships between Data
No data inconsistencies
Reduction of data redundancy
Data can be shared by single or multiple users
Standards can be set and followed
Data integrity can be maintained
Security of the data can be simply implemented
Data independence can be achieved

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Shortcomings

COST

COMPLEXITY

Problems Associated With

CENTRALISATION

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Database Architecture
A 2-Tier Architecture

CLIENT SERVER

The server holds both the application and the data.

The application resides in the server.
Server will have more processing power and disk space .

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Database Architecture
A 3-Tier Architecture

APPLICATION DATABASE
CLIENT SERVER SERVER

The data and applications are split onto separate servers.

The client is a front end simply requesting & displaying
data.

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DATABASE MODELS
Databases appeared in the late 1960s, at a time when
the need for a flexible information management
system had arisen.

There are three models of DBMS, which are

distinguished based on how they represent the data
contained

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THREE DBMS MODELS

Hierarchical Relational

Network

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HIERARCHICAL DBMS MODELS

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NETWORK DBMS MODELS

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RELATIONAL DBMS
DBMS that is based on the relational model as
introduced by Dr. Edgar F. Codd
Stores data in the form of related tables
Powerful because they require few assumptions about
how data is related or how it will be extracted from the
database
Same database can be viewed in many different ways
Single database can be spread across several tables

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RELATIONAL DBMS MODELS

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RELATIONAL DBMS MODELS

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Have a nice day

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