DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY

WHAT IS DEVELOPMENTAL
PSYCHOLOGY?
THE BRANCH OF PSYCHOLOGY
THAT
DESCRIBES,EXPLAINS,PREDICTS,
AND SOMETIMES AIMS TO
MODIFY AGE RELATED BEHAVIOR
FROM CONCEPTION TO DEATH.
QUALITATIVE CHANGE- OCCURS IN THE PERSON'S
NATURE OF FUNCTIONING LIKE ACHIEVING EFFICIENCY
AND ACCURACY IN PERFORMANCE.

QUANTITATIVE CHANGE- IT INVOLVES CHANGES IN THE

SIZE OF CHEST,CIRCUMFERENCE OF THE HEAD,LENGTH
OF THE ARMS AND FEET.
 KEY CONCEPTS IN DEVELOPMENTAL
PSYCHOLOGY
MATURATION-REFERS TO CHANGES IN
DEVELOPMENT THAT RESULT FROM
AUTOMATIC,GENETICALLY DETERMINED
SIGNALS.

CONCEPTION-THE FERTILIZATION OF THE

FEMALE OVUM OR EGG BY THE MALE SPERM.
CHROMOSOMES-THREADLIKE STRAND OF DNA
(DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID) MOLECULES THAT
CARRY GENETIC INFORMATION.
GENES- A SEGMENT OF DNA THAT OCCUPIES A
SPECIFIC PLACE ON A PARTICULAR
CHROMOSOMES.
NATURE VS NURTURE ISSUE
DEVELOPMENTAL PERSPECTIVE OF NATURE
VS NURTURE ISSUE

NATURE NURTURIST
-ACCORDING TO -ACCORDING TO THE
NATURIST,GROWTH NURTURIST,THE
TENDENCIES ARE PRIMARY
INBORN. DETERMINANTS OF
DEVELOPMENT ARE
LEARNING AND
INTERACTION WITH
ENVIRONMENT.
WHICH POSITION IS MORE CORRECT?
-TODAY ,HOWEVER,MOST PSYCHOLOGIST
SUPPORTS AN INTERACTIONIST
MODEL,WHICH SEES BOTH INBORN, GENETIC
PROCESSES AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
CONTRIBUTE TO HUMAN DEVELOPMENT.
THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
STAGES OF PRE NATAL DEVELOPMENT
GERMINAL STAGE- THE FIRST STAGE OF
PREGNANCY (CONCEPTION-2
WKS)CHARACTERIZED BY RAPID CELL
DIVISION.
EMBRYONIC STAGE- THE SECOND STAGE OF PRENATAL
DEVELOPMENT (FROM UTERINE IMPLANTATION TO THE
8 WK),CHARACTERIZED BY MAJOR BODY ORGAN AND
SYSTEM.
 TYPES OF DEVELOPMENT OCCURING
DURING THE EMBRYONIC STAGE
CEPHALOCAUDAL DEVELOPMENT- A
GENERAL PATTERN OF PHYSICAL GROWTH IN
WHICH DEVELOPMENT OCCURS FIRST IN THE
REGION OF THE HEAD AND LATER IN THE
LOWER REGION.

PROXIMODISDAL DEVELOPMENT- A
GENERAL PATTERN OF PHYSICAL GROWTH IN
WHICH DEVELOPMENT STARTS AT THE
CENTER OF THE BODY AND MOVES TOWARD
THE EXTREMITIES.
FETAL STAGE- THE THIRD AND FINAL STAGE OF
PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT (8 WKS-
BIRTH),CHARACTERIZED BY WEIGHT GAIN IN THE FETUS
AND THE FINE DETAILING OF BODY ORGANS AND
SYSTEMS.
 TYPES OF TWINS
MONOZYGOTIC TWINS
DYZYGOTIC TWINS
 SEX DETERMINATION
MALE FEMALE
SEX CHROMOSOMES- SEX CHROMOSOMES-
XY XX

x x

y x
GENETIC ABNORMALITIES
 TURNER'S SYNDROME
CLINICAL MISSING X SEX
MANIFESTATIONS CHROMOSOMES

HAVING ONLY45
TOTAL NUMBER OF
CHROMOSOMES.
UNDEVELOPED
OVARIES
AMMENORHEA
UNDEVELOPED
BREAST
INFERTLITY
WEBBEDNECK
 POLY X SYNDROME
HAVING AN EXCESS X SEX CHROMOSOMES
DELAYED DEVELOPMENT
LOW IQ
 KLINEFELTER'S SYNDROME
CLINICAL
MANIFESTATIONS PHOTO
HAVING AN EXCESS X
SEX CHROMOSOMES
UNDEVELOPED
TESTES
INFERTILITY
DEVELOPED BREAST
LOW SEX
DRIVE/ENERGY
 SUPERMALE SYNDROME
HAVING AN EXTRA Y SEX CHROMOSOMES
SEVERE CASE OF ACNE DURING ADOLESENCE
BELOW AVERAGE IQ
TALLER THAN NORMAL MALES
AGGRESSIVE
 DOWN'S SYNDROME
CLINICAL
MANIFESTATIONS PHOTO
HAVING AN EXTRA 21ST
CHROMOSOME
CONGENITAL EYES, EARS
AND HEART DEFECT.
SHORT STUBBY LIMBS
SLOPPING FOREHEAD
PROTRUDING TONGUE
SINGLE PALMAR CREASE
ORIENTAL IN APPEARNCE
 EDWARD'S SYNDROME
CLINICAL
MANIFESTATION PHOTO
MICROSTOMIA
SHORT PALPEBRAL
FISSURE
MALFORMED
EARS,ELONGATED
SKULL, CONGENITAL
HEART DISEASE
CLENCHED HANDS
CRYPTORCHIDISM
 PATAU'S SYNDROME
CLINICAL
MANIFESTATION PHOTO
DEVELOPED ONLY
ONE EYE.
DEFECT OF
EYE,NOSE,LIPS,EARS,
AND FOREBRAIN
HYPERCONVEX
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
 INFANCY
EXTENDS FROM BIRTH AND THE LATTER PART OF
THIRD YEAR.
DURING THE FIRST WEEKS, THE BABY’S CAPACITY
FOR SENSORY DISCRIMINATION IS LESS PATTERNED
AND SENSATION SUCH AS VISION AND AUDITION
,ARE NOT YET DEVELOPED,EXCEPT THE SENSE OF
SMELL,TASTE,ORGANIC AND SKIN SENSITIVITIES.
MOST OF THE INFANTS BEHAVIOR ARE REFLEXIVE
IN NATURE.
NEONATAL TASK OF LEARNING ARE LIMITED TO
RESPIRATION,DIGESTION AND ELIMINATION.
 BABYHOOD
THERE IS A RAPID GROWTH PHYSICALLY
MARKED BY THE CHANGES IN BODY
PROPORTION.
CAN DO CRAWLING AND CREEPING
MOVEMENT; ROLL SIDE TO SIDE AND OVER;LIE
ON HIS BACK AND SIT WITH SUPPORT AND
LATER WITHOUT SUPPORT,AND EVENTUALLY
LEARN TO WALK.
BASIC LANGUAGE
DEVELOPMENT(CRYING,SIMPLE
VOCALIZATION,BABBLING, OR SYLLABICATION.
 EARLY CHILDHOOD
EXTENDS FROM 2-6 YEARS OLD.
“TROUBLESOME AGE” WHERE BEHAVIOR
DOMINATES BECAUSE YOUNG CHILDREN ARE
DEVELOPING DISTINCTIVE PERSONALITIES AND ARE
DEMANDING INDEPENDENCE WHICH THEY USUALLY
CAN’T HANDLE SUCCESSFULLY.
“TOY AGE” WHERE YOUNG CHILDREN SPEND TOO
MUCH OF THEIR WAKING TIME PLAYING WITH TOYS.
“PRE GANG” THE TIME WHEN CHILDREN ARE
LEARNING THE FOUNDATION OF SOCIAL BEHAVIOR
AS A PREPARATION FOR A MORE HIGHLY ORGANIZED
SOCIAL LIFE.
"PRESCHOOL AGE" THE TIME BEFORE THE CHILD ENTERS FORMAL
EDUCATION AND STILL FREE FROM PRESSURES AND
EXPECTATIONS THAT FORMAL EDUCATION GIVES.

"EXPLORATORY AGE" WHICH IMPLIES THAT CHILDREN WANT TO

KNOW WHAT THEIR ENVIRONMENT IS,HOW IT WORKS,HOW IT
FEELS,HOW THEY CAN BE PART OF IT.

"QUESTION AGE" THE CHILDREN 'S WAY OF EXPLORING BY

ASKING QUESTIONS WHICH AT TIMES ARE ENDLESS.
 LATE CHILDHOOD
EXTEND FROM 6-12 YRS OF AGE.
“PROBLEM AGE” FOR PARENTS, WHEN CHILDREN NO
LONGER DO WHAT THEY ARE TOLD TO DO SO SINCE
THEY ARE MORE INFLUENCED BY THEIR PEERS THAN
BY THEM AND THEIR FANILY MEMBERS.
“QUARRELSOME AGE” WHEN SIBLING FIGHTS ARE
COMMON.
“ELEMENTARY SCHOOL AGE”
“GANG-AGE” CHILDREN’S MAJOR CONCERN IS
ACCEPTANCE BY THEIR AGEMATE AND THEIR
MEMBERSHIP IN A GANG.
“AGE OF COMFORMITY”
 ADOLESCENCE
EARLY ADOLESCENCE WHICH EXTENDS TO 17
YRS OF AGE IS USUALLY REFFERED TO AS THE
TEENAGE PERIOD.
AN IMPORTANT PERIOD WHEN BOTH THE
IMMEDIATE AND LONG TERM PHYSICAL AND
PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECT ARE IMPORTANT.
TRANSITION PERIOD
EXTERNALLY,RAPID GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT IN PHYSICAL ASPECT ARE
CHARACTERISTIC OF ADOLESCENCE.
 EARLY ADULTHOOD
IT COVERS FROM AGE 18-40 YEARS OF AGE.
“SETTLING DOWN AGE” WHERE BOYS AND
GIRLS ASSUMES RESPONSIBILITIES OF ADULT
LIFE.
“REPRODUCTIVE AGE” WHEN PARENTHOOD IS
THE MOST IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE LIVES OF
MOST YOUNG ADULT.
“PROBLEM AND EMOTIONAL TENSION AGE”
WHEN PROBLEMS RELATED TO ADJUSTMENT
TO DIFFERENT MAJOR AREAS OF ADULT LIFE
(MARRIAGE,PARENTHOOD AND JOB) ARE AT
HAND.
"PERIOD OF SOCIAL ISOLATION" WHEN RESPONSIBILITIES
AT HOME OR AT WORK ISOLATE THEM FROM THEIR
FORMER PEER GROUPS.

"TIME OF COMMITMENT" WHEN THEY ESTABLISH NEW

PATTERN OF LIVING AND ASSUMES RESPONSIBILITIES.

"PERIOD OF DEPENDENCY" WHEN THEY FULFILL THEIR

GOALS AND DREAMS BY SOLICITING HELP FROM
SIGNIFICANT OTHERS TO FINANCE THEIR NEEDS.

"TIME OF VALUE CHANGE" THE CAUSE OF WHICH IS THE

BROADENED SOCIAL CONTACTS THEY HAVE WITH
DIFFERENT AGES AND THE EXPERIENCES THAT GO WITH IT.
 MIDDLE ADULTHOOD
IT EXTENDS FROM AGE 40-60.
“DREADED PERIOD” DUE TP PHYSICAL AND
MENTAL DETERIORATION.
“TIME OF STRESS” WHEN A NUMBER OF
MAJOR ADJUSTMENT MUST BE MADE IN THE
HOME ,BUSINESS AND SOCIAL ASPECT OF
THEIR LIVES.
“DANGEROUS AGE’ WHEN MEN PROVE ONE’S
VIRILITY OR A TIME WHEN INDIVIDUAL BREAK
DOWN PHYSICALLY DUE TO OVERWORK,TOO
MUCH WORRY AND CARELESS LIVING.
" TIME OF ACHIEVEMENT" THEY BECOME MORE AND
MORE SUCCESSFUL OR MAY STANDSTILL AND DO
NOTHING.

"TIME OF EVALUATION" THEY WILL LOOK BACK AND

REFLECT THEIR ACCOMPLISHMENTS IN THE LIGHT OF
THEIR EARLIER ASPIRATIONS AND THE EXPECTATIONS
OF OTHERS.

" A TIME OF EMPTY NEST"

 OLD AGE
EXTENDS FROM AGE 60-70.
“PERIOD OF DECLINE”WHERE PHYSICAL AND
MENTAL PROCESSES SLOW DOWN
CHANGES IN RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES.
THE PHYSICAL HAZARDS THAT
CHARACTERIZED OLD AGE ARE DISEASES.