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 SAP Queries

Rajnish Sahay
 SAP Query
SAP Query
• The SAP Query application is used to create reports
without coding.
• SAP Query offers users a broad range of ways to
define reports and create different types of reports
such as basic lists, statistics, and ranked lists.
• These outputs can include lists on screens in table
format, ALV grids, downloadable spreadsheets, and
downloadable flat files. The internal report generator
creates an ABAP program corresponding to the
definition of the list.
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 Components
The SAP Query comprises five components:
Queries
InfoSets
User Groups
Translation/Query

Query Components
The Queries component is used by end users to maintain queries.
You can carry out the following tasks:
Execute Queries and Generate Lists
Define Queries
Change Queries

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Infosets Components
InfoSets are special views of data sources.
An InfoSet describes which fields of a data source can be reported on in queries.
InfoSets are assigned to user groups.
End-users are able to work only with those InfoSets that are relevant to their particular
area, as designated by the role or user group that they are assigned to.
Eg: Vendor master data can be important in purchasing as well as in accountancy. The
relevant InfoSet is assigned to both roles/user groups. This means that queries based on this
InfoSet can be copied and executed by both groups.

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User Groups Components
The User Groups component is used to maintain user groups. The system administrator
uses it to set up the work environment for end-users.
Every user assigned to the user group is able to execute the query.
Users are not allowed to modify queries from other user groups, although they may,
under certain circumstances, copy and execute
Translation/Query Component
A great deal of text is generated when defining queries, InfoSets, and user groups.
The SAP Query displays these texts in the language that you chose when you logged on to
the SAP system.
You can compare the text languages using the component Translation/Query.
A related text in one or more additional languages is made available for each of the texts
created when defining the query.

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Query Areas
A query area contains a set of query objects (queries, InfoSets, and user groups) that are
discrete and consistent.
There are the following query areas:
Standard area
Global area
Standard Area
Client specific
Query objects are not attached to the Workbench Organizer
Advantage :-End users can develop queries (ad-hoc reports) in their own client that are
not meant for use in the rest of the system.

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 Global Area
Cross client
Query objects are attached to workbench organizer
Advantage:-The global query area is well suited for centrally developing queries
meant for use and distribution throughout the system.

Authorizations
End-users, system administrators, and translators must all be assigned the appropriate
authorizations allowing them to work with the SAP Query.
In order to give individual users targeted, specific rights, the following options are available:
Roles/user groups
Authorizations
Creating Infosets – Prerequisites
The following questions help in meeting the prerequisites of creating an infoset.
Which data source corresponds to the requirements?
For example: Material reports in Materials Management
Which fields do you need to include in the InfoSet?
Do you need additional information which is not available in the data source? (This means
you are going to have to connect additional tables and the definitions of additional fields.)
Do you need parameters and selection criteria? (Parameters and selection criteria appear
on the selection screens of queries that are created using the InfoSet).
Do you need to include any particular measures such as access protection?
Do you need to be able to change the long texts and headers for the selected fields?
Assign Data sources
Name
Authorization group: This means that only users authorized to execute programs from
this authorization group are able to execute these queries. Use Tcode:
AUTH_DISPLAY_OBJECTS
Choose Data Source:
Table join using a table: Is used when Query is prepared for retrieving data from more
than one database tables having relationships.
Reading tables directly: Is used when Query is prepared for retrieving data from one
table.
Logical databases: Is used when Query is prepared for retrieving data based on a
Logical database (LDB)
Using programs to retrieve data: Here a program can be written with own logic.
Declaration in data section of the program will help the query to select the elements of
data to be retrieved from database. As per the logic, data is validated, processed. The
selection screen can be prepared in Query and data is retrieved for output.
 Sequential datasets Optional
Definition of field groups
A field group combines related fields together into a meaningful unit.
Fields must be assigned to a field group before they can be used in queries.
Include all table fields & key fields
Create empty field groups
Display/Change Infoset
Assigning additional tables
Creating additional fields & additional Structures
Extras
Selections
Further Code
Application Specific Enhancements
 Transport User group infoset
and Query
Run RSAQR3TR in 'old' system. Select EXPORT and specify the objects to be
transported. (System includes these in an automatically created transport request)
 Release this transport and request it be transported to 'new' system.
(This results in the entries being populated in transport table AQTDB in 'new'
system).
Run RSAQR3TR in 'new' system. Select IMPORT and tick the Overwrite
checkbox. Specify the transport number in the field labelled 'dataset with
imports'.
(RSAQR3TR gives the message that stuff has been imported OK).
If you still couldn't find the queries, so ran RSAQR3TR one more time,
this time specifying 'Copy Standard Area -> Global Area'.
Questions ?

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Thank You
!!
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