Erection Methods of Steel

Bridges
 Content
1． Bent Method
2． Launching Method
3． Traveler Crane Method
4． Cable Erection Method （ Diagonal
Hanging)
5． Cable Erection Method (Vertical Hanging)
6． Other Erection Method
Bent 　 Method
 Bent Method
Advantages
１． The most basic construction method and easy for geometrical
control.

２． Short construction period & economical method compared to

other methods.
３． Uses light equipment ( Main:Crane & Bent only)

Disadvantages
１． Impossible to use under the girder during the construction period.
２． Depends on the ground condition 　 (flat and firm ground
condition ).
３． Not suitable for high piers or heavy weight girder (ex. Large-block).
Up to 40m & 200ton
 Bent Method
• Bent Installation
　　 Bent Height ： L 　　 L≦ １０ｍ　 Plane Bents(Single Type)
　 L≧ １０ｍ　 Cubic Bents(Double Type)

Ground Condition
Firm => Spread foundation (Steel plate or concrete)
Soft => Pile foundation (H-pile or Steel-pipe Pile)
Bent Height: Exact Calculation!
 Bent Method
　 Bent (Concrete foundation) Bent (Pile foundation) 　
 Bent Method
• Girder Erection
　　 Crane Type : Ground condition Firm => Truck Crane
Soft => Crawler Crane
very soft => another erection method
Crane Capacity : Depend on
=> weight of the girder and working radius
Bent Method

Under construction
 Bent Method
• Girder Erection Completed
Falsework(Scaffolding)=>joint part & Under the Girder
Joint Connecting
Joint Painting
Dismantling of Bents

Falsework for Joint

Falsework for Girder

Bent Method

Falsework for joint

Safety net (wire bridge) Falsework under the girder

 Bent Method
• Accessory work,Dismantling & Completion

Expansion Joint Slab,Pavement &Guard Rail

Drainage attachment
Launching Method
 Launching Method
Advantages
１． Not be influenced by the variable conditions under the girder.

Water, Heavy traffic road , Railway , etc

２． Short Construction Period compared to cable crane method.

Disadvantages
１． Spread & wide back yard is necessary.

２． Difficult to control of the stress & reaction under launching.

３． Heavy equipment is necessary.

 Launching Method

Preparation Work
=> Back Yard Compaction (against the Dead-Load)

Impossible for Bent Installation

Water,heavy traffic road, railway,etc

 Launching Method

Preparation Work
=> Steel Plate or Concrete Base construction
=> Depend on the Firmness of ground condition and Dead-Load
=> Decided by Calculation
 Launching Method

Preparation Work
=> Bent Installation & Shoe Setting
=> Installation of Hydraulic Jack for launching by the crane
Launching Method

Launching Nose & Bent Launching Jack

 Launching Method

・ Assembling of Erection Nose for Launching by the crane

・ Setting the Bogie
・ Girder transportation and assembling on the back yard by the crane
Launching Method

Bogie & Guide Rail

 Launching Method

・　 Launching and Girder assembling

　　　　＝＞ Depend on the space of the back yard
・　 20 ～ 40m 　 / Day is possible (depend on Jack capacity and
condition)
Reaction & Stress Check!
Displacement
Check!
Launching Method

Under launching
 Launching Method

• Connection Girder assembling

Reaction & Stress Check!

 Launching Method

• Dismantling of Erection Nose at the opposite side

Launching Method

Under launching
 Launching Method

• Completion of Launching
=> Girder shall be received by connection girder
 Launching Method

• Change of the bearing from Jack to sleeper

=> Detachment of Connection Girder for Jack Down
Launching Method

Dismantling of Nose Jack down

 Launching Method

• Jack Down and detachment of the Bent one after another

=> Depend on the Stroke of the Jack (for Simple Beam)
=> Depend on the Reaction of Bearing (for continuous Beam)
 Launching Method

Detachment of the connection girder Jack down

 Launching Method

• Completion of Jack Down

 Launching Method

• Accessory work,Dismantling & Completion

Launching Method

Dismantling of falsework Completion

Traveler Crane Method
Traveler Crane Method
Advantages
１． Not be influenced by the variable conditions under the girder

Water, Heavy traffic road , Railway , etc

２． Short Construction Period compared to cable crane method

３． Light equipment comparably

Disadvantages
１． Variable calculation for reinforcements under construction is necessary
２． Difficult to control of the stress & reaction under construction
 Traveler Crane Method

• Preparation Work
　　　＝＞ Ground Levering for Bent Erection span
　　　＝＞ Accuracy Measurement of the Pier
(Span,Width,Elevation,etc)

Impossible for Bent Installation

Water,heavy traffic road, railway,etc

 Traveler Crane Method

• Bent Installation
• Erection work for side span as a counter weight
=> from Ground Level by the crane
 Traveler Crane Method

• Traveler crane setting by the crane

=> crane capacity : depend on the weight of the component
Traveler Crane Method
 Traveler Crane Method

• Cantilever erection for another span by traveler crane

Bridge component => transported by bogie on the girder

Bogie Counter weight

Traveler Crane Method
 Traveler Crane Method

• Cantilever erection for another span by traveler crane

Bridge component => transported by bogie on the girder
• Bent Dismantling (one after another => Bent reaction force = 0)

Up-Lift Check! Negative Moment Check! Calculation

Displacement:Large
 Traveler Crane Method

• Cantilever erection for another span by traveler crane

Bridge component => transported by bogie on the girder
 Traveler Crane Method

• Traveler crane dismantling, Accessory work & Completion

Cable Erection Method

(Diagonal Hanging Method)

 Cable Crane Method
Advantages
１． Not be influenced by the variable conditions under the girder

Water, Deep valley

２． No need for spread & wide back yard

Disadvantages
１． Long construction period
２． Difficult to control of the displacement under construction

３． Heavy equipment
 Cable Erection Method (Diagonal)
• Preparation Work => Installation of wire bridge

Wire Bridge : easy to come and go for workman

Wire Bridge
Cable Erection Method (Diagonal)

Before construction Wire-Bridge

 Cable Erection Method (Diagonal)
• Setting Anchorage for Cable-crane

Ground anchor
(direct-anchor for the earth)
Gravity anchor
Steep landscape
Flat & wide landscape
Cable Erection Method (Diagonal)

Boring for anchor Anchorage & Bearing Beam

 Cable Erection Method (Diagonal)
• Installation of Concrete Base & Steel Tower for Cable crane

Steel Tower

Concrete Base
Cable Erection Method (Diagonal)

Steel tower assembling Completion

 Cable Erection Method (Diagonal)
• Installation of Back-Stay & Main Cable for the crane
Back Stay Cable
Track Cable

Main Cable Carrier

Cable Erection Method (Diagonal)

Wire unreeling Wire Installation

Main 　
Cable

Track cable
 Cable Erection Method (Diagonal)
• Installation of Shoe, Bent & some equipments

Bet-Beam for reaction

Shoe setting

Support
installation
 Cable Erection Method (Diagonal)
• Main Arch Erection

Displacement
Check!
Cable Erection Method (Diagonal)
Arch-rib under construction
 Cable Erection Method (Diagonal)
• Main Arch Erection
 Cable Erection Method (Diagonal)
• Dismantling of Diagonal stay wire
Cable Erection Method (Diagonal)
Arch-rib closure & Dismantling diagonal stay
 Cable Erection Method (Diagonal)
• Girder & Vertical Brace erection
Cable Erection Method (Diagonal)

Girder erection Connected by high-strength Bolts

Cable Erection Method (Diagonal)
Girder erection
 Cable Erection Method (Diagonal)
• Dismantling Cable crane
 Cable Erection Method (Diagonal)
• Completion
Cable Erection Method (Diagonal)
Completion
Cable Erection Method (Diagonal)
Completion
Cable Erection Method

(Vertical Hanging Method)

 The same procedure
to assemble of cable crane
 Cable Erection Method (Vertical)
• Shoe setting & Vertical Hanging Wire attachment

Wire length: Exact Calculation!

Cable Erection Method (Vertical)
Vertical Hanging wire & Bed-Beam setting
 Cable Erection Method (Vertical)
• Bottom code components erection
Cable Erection Method (Vertical)
Bottom code components erection
 Cable Erection Method (Vertical)
• Diagonal components erection
Cable Erection Method (Vertical)
Diagonal components erection
 Cable Erection Method (Vertical)
• Upper components erection
Cable Erection Method (Vertical)
Upper components erection
 Cable Erection Method (Vertical)
• Dismantling Vertical Hanger
 Cable Erection Method (Vertical)
• Dismantling Cable crane
Cable Erection Method (Vertical)
Dismantling Cable crane
 Cable Erection Method (Vertical)
• Completion
Cable Erection Method (Vertical)
Completion
 Another erection methods

1.Combined by basically method

2.Large block erection
3.Cable-stayed bridge & suspension bridge
Cable-Stayed Bridge
Cable-stayed Bridge Erection procedure
Cable-stayed Bridge Erection procedure
Cable-stayed Bridge Erection
procedure
Cable-stayed Bridge Erection procedure
Cable-stayed Bridge Erection procedure
Cable-stayed Bridge Erection procedure
Cable-stayed Bridge Erection procedure
Cable-stayed Bridge Erection procedure
Cable-stayed Bridge Erection procedure
Cable-stayed Bridge Erection procedure
Cable-stayed Bridge Erection procedure
 Conclusion
Accidents usually occurred during construction

Planning is the most important !

1. Investigate valuable conditions

2. The most safe method
3. Appropriate construction period
4. Calculation & analysis under construction
5. The most economical method