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PSYCHOLOGY OF HUMAN

DEVELOPMENT AND LEARNNG


EDCR 241
JOSHUA UPOALKPAJOR
0504570960
SECIOEMOTIONAL AND MORAL DEV'T IN HUMANS

PERSONALITY
The word personality itself stems from the Latin
word persona, which is referred to a theatrical mask worn
by performers in order to either project different roles or
disguise their identities.
Personality involves the stable but unique characteristics of
every individual as well as the consistencies of behaviour
pattern associated with that person.
SECIOEMOTIONAL AND MORAL DEV'T IN HUMANS

Personality is made up of the characteristic patterns


of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make a
person unique. 
Personality arises from within the individual and
remains fairly consistent throughout life.
SECIOEMOTIONAL AND MORAL DEV'T IN HUMANS

Personality in Infant and Toddlers (0-3)


The mother's influence is very great just as her
attachment to a permanent care giver is very important in
developing a stable background, thus separation from the
mother or caregiver can lead to anxiety and feelings of
rejection.
SECIOEMOTIONAL AND MORAL DEV'T IN HUMANS
Personality in Infant and Toddlers (0-3) Cont.
A father's influence is also very great in shaping the
personality of the child. For example in Ghanaian
traditional religion, it is believed that a father's spirit is
very important for the protection of the child. Emotion in a
child's life is very important because they can facilitate or
interfere with motivated behaviour of the child.
SECIOEMOTIONAL AND MORAL DEV'T IN HUMANS

Personality in Infant and Toddlers (0-3) Cont.


Emotions that sometimes appear in childhood are fear and
anxiety and these usually depend on the level of maturation
of the nervous system. It also depends on the emotional
susceptibility of the child. Anger and frustration also tend
to influence a child's behaviour as it can lead to
aggression.
SECIOEMOTIONAL AND MORAL DEV'T IN HUMANS
Personality in Infant and Toddlers (0-3) Cont.
Playing is very important in the development of personality.
This procedure takes place through playing with others
which makes them develop a sense of self. Babies do not
have a sense of self unless they see themselves among
other children. Most children living where there is a lot of
noise and violence develop fear. Laughter which indicates
happiness and well-being helps children develop a happy
attitude towards life when they live in a happy
environment.
SECIOEMOTIONAL AND MORAL DEV'T IN HUMANS
Personality in Early Childhood (3-6)
Early childhood brings with it a little independence because
the child can move and do certain things it could not do
before, there is also a longer social contact from home and
outside the home. The self-concept develops at this
stage, thus a little more than it did as a toddler. It begins
to appreciate the effect of its behaviour on others.
SECIOEMOTIONAL AND MORAL DEV'T IN HUMANS
Personality in Early Childhood (3-6) Cont.
• The developing child goes through Learning Initiative or
Guilt (Purpose) .
• The child learns to use imagination; to broaden skills
through active play and fantasy; to cooperate with
others; and to lead as well as to follow.
• If unsuccessful, the child becomes fearful, is unable to
join groups, and harbors guilty feelings. The child
depends excessively on adults and is restricted both in
the development of play skills and in imagination.
SECIOEMOTIONAL AND MORAL DEV'T IN HUMANS
Personality in Early Childhood (6-12)
 The child learns to master more formal skills:
i. relating with peers according to rules
ii. progressing from free play to play that is structured by
rules and requires teamwork (team sports)
iii. learning basic intellectual skills (reading, arithmetic)
iv. At this stage, the need for self-discipline increases
every year. 
SECIOEMOTIONAL AND MORAL DEV'T IN HUMANS
Personality in Adolescence (12-19)
 Maturity starts developing during this time; the young person
acquires self-certainty as opposed to self-doubt and experiments
with different constructive roles rather than adopting a negative
identity, such as delinquency.
i. In later adolescence, clear sexual identity is established
ii. The adolescent seeks leadership (someone to inspire him or her),
and gradually develops a set of ideals to live by.

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