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Survey of PC and
Network Operating
Systems
McGraw-Hill Technology Education Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
PC Operating Systems
• Microsoft Windows is the most popular
– Installed more than other OS combined
– Installed on about 95% of computers
– Apple and Linux represent the other 5%
7B-2
PC Operating Systems
• Apple and Linux represent the other 5%
• MC OS
• Unix
• Linux
7B-7
DOS Application
7B-8
PC Operating Systems
• Windows NT -1993
– Designed for a powerful system
– 32-bit OS
– Very stable
– Windows NT Workstation
• Single user multi-tasking OS
– Windows NT Server
• Multi user multi-tasking OS
• Network operating system
7B-9
PC Operating Systems
• Windows 9x
– 95, 98, and Millennium Edition (Me)
– 32-bit OS
• Supported 16-bit programs well
– Very pretty but not stable OS
– Still found in large corporations
– 95 introduced the Start button
– 98 introduced active desktop and Internet
Explorer
– Me improved multimedia software
7B-10
PC Operating Systems
• Windows 2000
– Look of 9x with NT stability
– Optimized for office and developers
– Application software ran very well
– Entertainment software ran very poorly
7B-11
PC Operating Systems
• Windows XP -2001
– Microsoft’s newest desktop product
– Different look from 2000
– Many different versions ( Digital Media Support,
Advance Networking and communication and Advance
Mobile Computing)
– Digital multimedia support was enhanced
– Communications was enhanced
– Mobile computing became a priority
7B-12
PC Operating Systems
• Windows Vista -2006
– Enhanced reliability, security, easy
deployment
– Five different versions
• Home Basic
• Home Premium
• Business
• Ultimate
• Enterprise
7B-13
PC Operating Systems
• Windows 7:
• The WFU standard operating system for the
ThinkPad is the Microsoft 32 bit Windows 7
Enterprise edition. The primary features of
Windows 7 are:
• Start Menu
• Taskbar and Notification Area
• Windows Snipping Tool
• Displaying to a External Monitor or Projector
• Using Local Area Networks (LAN/WiFi)
• Windows Explorer Favorites
• Windows Explorer Libraries
7B-14
PC Operating Systems
• Windows 8 - Released in October 2012
• Most radical overhaul of the Windows interface, ditching the
Start button and Start menu in favor of a more touch-friendly
Start screen.
• Faster than previous versions of Windows and included support
for the new, much faster USB 3.0 devices.
• The Windows Store, which offers universal Windows apps that
run in a full-screen mode only
• It also took advantage of new technologies such as :
– Near field communications
– Universal Serial Bus 3.0 (USB 3.0)
– low-power ARM architecture
– cloud computing and UEFI firmware
– latest and updated security features like malware filtering, spam detection,
built-in antivirus capabilities and intrusion prevention system.
7B-15
PC Operating Systems
• Windows 10 - Announced on 30 September 2014
• Windows 10 is bringing back the Start menu and more
balance to traditional desktop computer users.
• Some interesting features include the ability to switch
between a keyboard and mouse mode and a tablet mode,
with a detachable keyboard.
• unify all Windows platforms across multiple devices,
including Windows Phone and tablets, with universal apps
that can be downloaded from the Windows Store and run
on all Windows devices.
7B-16
PC Operating Systems
• UNIX
– Runs on all computer types
– 32- or 64-bit
– Similar to DOS, command line interface
– Composed of 3 parts:
• Kernel – allocate memory and time
• shell – checks the correct users and password
• the programs-
– Very stable, fast and reliable (rarely crashes)
– Can cost thousands of dollars
Popular to Engineer for CAD, CAM and high level
workstations
7B-17
PC Operating Systems
• Linux
– Free or inexpensive version of UNIX
– 32-bit OS
– Very stable and fast
– Most flavors are open source
– X Windows GUI
• Command line interface is available
7B-18
Linux Desktop
7B-19
PC Operating Systems
• Macintosh operating systems
– OS X
– Based on FreeBSD Linux
– Very stable and easy to configure
– Only runs on Mac hardware
7B-20
OS X Desktop
7B-21
Network Operating System Features
• Network operating system
• Fast and stable
• Runs on servers
• Multi-user and multi-tasking OS
• 32- or 64-bit
7B-22
Network Operating System Features
• File and print sharing
– Users access the same files
– Hundreds of users use a printer
– Different OS can interact
7B-23
Network Operating System Features
• Data integrity
– Backups copies data onto tape
– RAID copies data onto other drives
• Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks
• Relies on two or more hard drives
• May speed access to data
7B-24
Network Operating System Features
• Data security
– Access to data can be restricted
– Access to server resources is controlled
– Audits can be kept
7B-25
Network Operating System
• Designed to run on a Network Server
• Fast and stable
• Multi-user and multi-tasking OS
• 32- or 64-bit
• Available Option;
– Windows NT Server, Windows 2000 Server,
Windows Sever 2003, Windows 2008 Sever,
Windows 10 Server, Windows 16 Server
– Mac OS X
– Novell Netware
– UNIX
7B-26
– Linux Chapter 6B : Operating System Basics
Networking Operating Systems
• NT Server
– Same core as NT Workstation
– Security added
– Multi user capability added
– RAID support included
7B-27
Networking Operating Systems
• Windows 2000 Server
– Same technology as 2000 workstation
– Active Directory (AD)
• Central database of server resources
• Simplifies network management
– Distributed programs supported
– Server Standard Edition
– Advanced Server Edition
– Data Center Edition
7B-28
Networking Operating Systems
• Windows 2003 Server -2003
– Designed to compete with UNIX
– XP like interface
– Better support for XP computers
– MS .NET framework supported
– Distributed programs are supported
– Server Standard Edition
– Data Center Edition
– Introduced in E-commerce
7B-29
Networking Operating Systems
• Windows 2008 Server
– Increase reliability and flexibility
– Different version to support 32-bit and 64-bit system
with, 64 processors and 17 server roles
– Five versions (Standard, Enterprise, Data Center and Web)
support up to 2TB RAM
– Main Features include
• PowerShell new command line
• User interface like Windows 2003
• “Bitlocker” for the complete encoding of the hard disk
• Windows Share Point Services
• NAP( Network Access Protection)
• WDS( Windows Deployment Services)
• WSRM (Windows System Resource Management)
• Windows Server back up
7B-30
Networking Operating Systems
• Windows 2010 Server
• Windows 2012 Server
• Windows 2016 Server
– Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS)
– Windows Defender
– Remote Desktop Services (RDS)
– Storage Services
– High-availability clusters
– Web Application Proxy (WAP)
– Internet Information Services (IIS)
– Windows Server Containers
– Rolling Hyper-V cluster update
7B-31
Networking Operating Systems
• UNIX for servers
– Oldest NOS in widespread use
– Stable secure and fast
– Main OS for Internet and Web
– Large organizations depend on UNIX
7B-32
Networking Operating Systems
• Linux for servers
– Popular in small businesses
– Stable, fast and cost-effective
– Product bundle by Red Hat and Novell
– Linux’s popularity is growing
7B-33
Embedded Operating Systems
• Devices have EOS built in
• Cell phones, PDAs, medical equipment
• Stable and fast
• Available Option:
– Windows XP
– Windows CE
– Palm OS
– Pocket PC
– Symbian
7B-34
– Android Chapter 6B : Operating System Basics
Embedded Operating Systems
• Windows XP embedded
– Based on Windows XP
– Customized for each device
7B-35
Embedded Operating Systems
• Windows CE
– Not based on a desktop OS
– Customized for each device
– PDA and cell phones
– Microsoft Automotive will run in cars
7B-36
Embedded Operating Systems
• Palm OS
– Standard on Palm PDA
– First PDA OS for consumers
– Can be found on cell phones
7B-37
Embedded Operating Systems
• Pocket PC
– Developed by Microsoft to compete with
Palm
– Not customizable
– Interacts securely with business networks
– Can control PCs through PC
7B-38
Embedded Operating Systems
• Symbian
– Found in smart cell phones
– Games, Instant Messaging, Internet
– Full color display
7B-39
Chapter Summery
• PC operating System- to run in PC, features,
weaknesses, chronological improvements
– DOS, Windows NT, Windows 9x,Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows 8,
Windows 10
– MAC OS
– UNIX
– Linux
7B-40
Chapter 7B
End of Chapter
McGraw-Hill Technology Education Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Network Operating System
• Designed to run on a Network server
• Fast and stable
• Multi-user and multitasking OS
• 32- or 64-bit
• Available Option;
– Windows NT Server, Windows 2008
– Mac OS X
– Novell Netware
– UNIX
– Linux
7B-42
Embedded Operating Systems
• Devices have EOS built in
• Cell phones, PDAs, medical equipment
• Stable and fast
• Available Option:
– Windows XP
– Windows CE
– Palm OS
– Pocket PC
– Symbian
7B-43
– Android