Geometric Constructions Tangents- Definition

A line is a tangent to a circle if it touches

the circle at only one point
Geometric Constructions Tangents- Definition

Two curves are tangent to each other if the

touch in one and only one place
Geometric Constructions Tangents- Geometric location of tangent point

The tangent point of a straight line and circle will lie at the
intersection of a perpendicular to the straight line that passes
through the center of the circle.
Geometric Constructions Tangents- Geometric location of tangent point

The tangent point of two circles will lie on the circumferences

of both circles and on a straight line connecting the circle
centers
Geometric Constructions Tangents- Construction

Straight Line Tangents to a Circle from an External point

 Tangents- Construction
Geometric Constructions
Straight Line Tangents to a Circle from an External point
Geometric Constructions Tangents- Construction

Common Parallel Straight Line Tangents to Two Circles of

Radius ‘R’ and ‘r’

R-r
R-
r

r
R
Geometric Constructions Tangents- Construction

Common Parallel Straight Line Tangents to Two Circles of

Radius ‘R’ and ‘r’

r
R
Geometric Constructions Tangents- Construction

Common Cross Straight Line Tangents to Two Circles of Radius

‘R’ and ‘r’

R+r
R+
r

r
R
Geometric Constructions Tangents- Construction

Common Cross Straight Line Tangents to Two Circles of Radius

‘R’ and ‘r’

r
R
Geometric Constructions Tangents- Construction

Circular Tangent of Radius ‘R’ Between a Point to a Straight

Line

R R
Geometric Constructions Tangents- Construction

Circular Tangent of Radius R Between Two Straight Lines at

an Angle

R R
Geometric Constructions Tangents- Construction

Internal Circular Tangent of Radius ‘R’ Between a Straight

Line and a Circle of Radius ‘r’

R+r
r

R
R R
R R
Geometric Constructions Tangents- Construction

External Circular Tangent of Radius ‘R’ Between a Straight

Line and a Circle of Radius ‘r’

R-r
R-r r

R
R
R
R R
Geometric Constructions Tangents- Construction
Internal Circular Tangent of Radius ‘R’ Between Two Circles
of Radius ‘r1’ and ‘r2’

R+
r2
R
R+r1
R+
r2

R+r1

R
r2

r1
Geometric Constructions Tangents- Construction

External Circular Tangent of Radius ‘R’ Between Two Circles

of Radius ‘r1’ and ‘r2’

R-r2

R-r2 R

r2
R-r1
R-r1

R
r1
Geometric Constructions Tangents- Construction

Cross Circular Tangent of Radius ‘R’ Between Two Circles of

Radius ‘r1’ and ‘r2’

R+r2
R

R+r2
r2

R
RR--
rr11

r1
Geometric Constructions Basic Sketching Line types

0.7mm Visible Object – Thick

HB Visible Edges and Outlines

3mm
Hidden – Thin
1mm 0.3mm Hidden detail for like wall
2H thickness and holes..

Center - Thin
15-20mm 3mm centre of a circle, cylindrical
0.3mm
2H features, or a line of symmetry.
1mm
Geometric Constructions Line Types An Example:

1. Visible
2. Hidden
3. Center
Geometric Constructions Intersection of Lines
Solid Line Intersections

Dashed Line Intersections

Gap
Geometric Constructions Hidden Line Conventions
Geometric Constructions Hidden Line Conventions
Geometric Constructions Centerline Conventions

Extend 5mm
Geometric Constructions Lettering : Rules
Gothic vertical style.
Always use capital letters.
Text height 3~5 mm.
Space between lines of text is about of text height.
Space between words equal to the space required for
writing a letter “O”.

Example:

ALL O DIMENSIONS O ARE O IN

MILLIMETERS O UNLESS
OTHERWISE O SPECIFIED.
Geometric Constructions Tangents- CW 1

R100
R70
R70
R85
R85
R70 100 0
R
R7
85 85
 61
R=
R=16
+

8
19=3

R=
5

19
R=

91
R=

19
R=
7
5 =2
2+
2
R=

17
5=
2-
2
R=

18
R=

R=
4 4

R=18+22=40
R=44+22=66