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What is a network?
’ © collection of
computers and
devices connected
together via
communications
devices and media

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What is the Internet?

’ © worldwide
collection of
networks

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What are some of the services found on

the Internet? instant messaging
e-mail
Web
message board

chat
file transfer

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How did the Internet originate?

]oal:
To allow scientists at
different locations to
share information
ARPANET and work together
on military and
Networking project scientific projects Became
by Pentagon¶s functional
Advanced Research in
Projects Agency ]oal: September
(ARPA) 1969
To function even if
part of the network
were disabled or
destroyed
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How has this network grown?

Today
More than 100 million host nodes

1984
More than 1,000 host nodes

1969
Four host nodes
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What is SFnet?
’ The ational Science Foundation¶s network
’ Five supercomputer centers
’ Connected to ©
©T in 1986

SFnet ©
©T

The Internet

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Who controls the Internet?

’ The Internet is a public, cooperative, and
independent network
’ o single entity controls or owns the Internet
’ Several organizations advise and define
standards

World Wide Web Internet2 (I2)

Consortium (W3C)  Internet-related research
 Oversees research and and develo ment roject
sets standards and  Develo s and tests
guidelines advanced Internet
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Tim Berners-Lee
’ Created the World Wide Web
’ Œirector of the
World Wide Web
Consortium
(W3C) at MIT

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What is an Internet Service
rovider (IS
)?

’ © business that
has a permanent
Internet connection
’
rovides
temporary
connections to
individuals and
companies

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What are other service providers?

Online Service

rovider (OS
)
 Supplies Internet
access Wireless Service
 Has many members-
rovider
only features that  Company that
offer special content provides wireless
Internet access

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What are ways to access the Internet?
1 egional
Internet
Service
 ational

rovider¶s
Internet

O

Service
3 Online

rovider¶s
Service¶s

O

Local
O

4 Wireless 
Online
Internet
Service
1 3 4
Service
(special

rovider
members-only local call
content)
local call

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local call
long-distance call toll-free call
local call toll-free call
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What are three parts of an Internet connection?
Server
 Computer that
manages the Backbone Client
resources on a  Inner structure
network of the Internet
 Computer that
can access the

rovides a  Communications contents of the
centralized storage lines that carry storage area on
area for resources the heaviest the server
such as programs amount of traffic
and data
 ©lso called a host
computer

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What is an Internet protocol (I
) address?

’ umber that uniquely identifies each computer
or device connected to the Internet

a
  
 
last part
first part
identifies
identifies
specific
network
computer

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What is a domain name?

’ Text version of an I
address
’ Œomain ame System Server translates
domain name to I
address

a
  
 

   
identifies
top-level
domain
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What is the World Wide Web (WWW)?

’ The Web
’ Worldwide collection of electronic documents
’ ach document called a Web page
’ Text, graphics, sound, video
’ Built-in connections to other documents called
hyperlinks
’ Web site is a collection of related Web pages

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What is a Web browser?

’ Software program that allows you to access and
view Web pages
’ Home page is starting page

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What is downloading?
The process of receiving
information, such as a Web
page, onto your computer
from a server on the Internet

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How do Web-enabled handheld computers
and devices access the Web?
’ -se a special Microbrowser for a
Web-enabled
type of browser cellular telephone
designed for
their small
screens

Microbrowser for a Web-

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enabled handheld computer
   
What is surfing the Web?

The activity of jumping from

one Web page to another is
surfing

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What is a -niform esource Locator (- L)?
’ -nique address for a Web page

http://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/index.html

address
text box
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What is a search engine?

’ © software program you can use to find Web
sites, Web pages and Internet files

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What is a hit?
’ ©ny Web page name that lists
as the result of a search

363 hits

hit

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What is a directory?
’ ©n organized
set of topics
’ -sed by a
search engine
to aid in
locating Web
sites
’ ach major
topic has
related
subtopics

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What is a portal Web page?

’ Offers
variety of
Internet
services
from single
location

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What services are often found on a portal?

search
e-mail
engine
sports and
weather newsgroups
local , or message
national, and instant boards
worldwide messaging
news reference
tools
free
personal
shopping chat rooms
Web pages
malls and
auctions calendars
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What is multimedia?
’ ©ny application that integrates text with
other elements

audio
animation video
graphics
virtual
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reality
   

What is a graphic?

’ © digital
representation
of information
such as a
drawing, chart,
or photograph

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What is M
3?
’ Technology that
compresses an
audio file to about
one-tenth of its
original size

’ Controversy with respect to copyright

infringement
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What is streaming audio?
’ nables you to listen to
the sound as it
downloads
’ Two accepted standards
 Windows Media
layer
 eal©udio ± a
component of
eal
layer

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What is a Web cam

’ © video camera
whose output
displays on a
Web page
’ Shows images
that change
regularly

Web cam
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What is virtual reality (V )?

’ The use of computers to simulate a real or imaged
environment that appears as a three-dimensional (3Œ)
space

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What is electronic commerce?

’ ©lso known as e-commerce
’ © financial
business
transaction
that occurs
over an
electronic
network
such as the
Internet
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Step 1 Step 

What is Web
ublishing?

’ The development and
maintenance of Web
pages Step 4 Step 3

1
lan: Think about issues that

could affect the design of the
 ©nalyze
Web site.and Œesign: Sketch a
design of the Web page on
paper. Create the Web site in
3 Create:
a software package such as
4 Œeploy:
word processing.
Copy (upload) the Step 5
Web site from your hard disk
5 Maintain:
to a Web server.
Visit and revise your
Web site regularly to be sure it
is working and current.
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What is a plug-in?
’ ©n additional program that extends the
capability of a browser
’ Many plug-ins can be downloaded at no cost
from the Web

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What is e-mail?
’ lectronic mail
’ The transmission of messages and files
via a computer network
’ Individual or list mail

create forward
send
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print

 store




&  receive delete
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What is FT
?
’ File Transfer
rotocol
’ ©n Internet
standard
allows you to
upload and
download ' 

files with   

 
other
computers on
the Internet
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What is a newsgroup?
’ ©n online area in which users conduct written
discussions about a particular subject

-senet
ews server
The entire collection of
Internet newsgroups © computer that stores
and distributes
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newsgroup messages
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What is a chat?
’ © real-time typed
conversation
that takes place
on a computer

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What is instant messaging (IM)?
’ © real-time Internet
communications
service
 otifies you when
one or more people
are online
 ©llows you to
exchange messages
or files or join a
private chat with
them message sent from Karen to Katy
) +
 

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