COMPREHENSIVE

AGRARIAN
R E FO R M
PROGRAM (CARP)
• Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP) seeks to provide farmers
and farm workers the opportunity to enhance their dignity and improve the
quality of their lives through greater productivity of agricultural lands.
• This program aims to dismantle monopoly on land ownership
especially in the country side.
• CARP must be considered as a significant contributions factor to the increase
of agricultural production eventually to national development.
• The ascendancy of Corazon Aquino to the Presidency in February 1986 created
expectations that land reforms that is comprehensive in terms of farmland area
and rural landless population to be covered would be implemented.
• A month after February 25, 1986 peaceful revolution the president issued
Proclamation No. 3 promulgating a Provision in Constitution “By Virtue the
power vested in me by the sovereign mandate of the people.”
• Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program was launched by the Administration and
which it aims to distribute lands regardless of crops or fruits produced by farmers and
regular land workers who are landless.
• Existing legislation on agrarian reform such as Republic Act No. 3844 amended (Code of
Agrarian Reform), Presidential Decree No. 27 as amended (Tenants Emancipation
Decree), and No. 226 (providing for the mechanics of registration of ownership and/ or
title to land under Presidential Decree No. 27) Executive Order No. 288 (declaring full
landownership to qualified farmer beneficiaries covered by Presidential Decree No. 27)
and No. 299 (providing the mechanism needed initially to implement the
Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program instituted under Proclamation No. 131.)
• Act Section 35 (exemption form leasehold of other kinds of land) Presidential Decree
No. 316 (prohibiting the ejectment of tenant-tillers from their farm holding pending the
promulgation of the rules and regulation implementing Presidential Decree No. 27)
•February 25, 1986 Peaceful Revolution,
The President issued Proclamation No. 3
promulgating a Provision in Cinstitution .
•
July 22, 1987, the President signed five days
before the opening of the new Congress,
Proclamation No. 131 instituting a
Comprehensive Agrarian Refor Program (CARP)
and executive Order No. 229 providing the
Mechanism needed initially to implement the
program.
3 KEY OBJECTIVE OF
C
•
A R P
EQUITY
- It establishes equity by democratizing control over the country’s lands to a large section of the population and
enabling them to directly participate in non-building;

• CAPABILITY
-It builds the capability of farmer-beneficiaries to manage reformed lands productively by giving them the support service
they needed

• SUSTAINABILITY
-It promotes sustainability by incorporating the ecosystem and stakeholder approaches to land use and management.

To meet this key of objectives. The Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR) implements CARP by closely
integrating Land distribution and
Land tenure improvement (LTI) with program beneficiaries’ development (LBD).
More the 40% of the total populations are engaged in the agriculture. Fishery and forestry. About 60% of
all poor Filipinos come from rural
areas.
CARP by Executive Fiat
• The DAR is hereby vested with quasi-judicial powers to determine and adjudicate
agrarian reform matters, and shall have exclusive original jurisdiction of the DENR
and the Department of Agriculture (DA) Sec. 17, E.O No. 229)

• The DAR shall have powers to punish for contempt and to issue subpoena ,
subpoena decus tecum and writs to enforce its orders or decisions.

• The decisions of the DAR may In proper cases, be appealed to the Regional Trial
Courts but shall be immediately executory notwithstanding such appeal.
Credit Support
Upon land transfers, each beneficiary who actually farms his land shall be eligible
for a production loan to finance one crop cycle under terms and conditions to be
determined by the LBP on a case-to-case basis, renewable upon repayment. (Sec.
13, E.O No. 229)
Distribution and Utilization of Public Lands
All alienable and disposal lands of the public domain suitable for
agriculture and outside proclaimed settlements shall b distributed by the
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)
Production Sharing
Individual owning and/ or operating under lease agricultural lands with
gross sales in excess of Five Million Pesos per annum are hereby mandated to
execute a production sharing plan whereby at least one half per cent of the gross
sale from production.
Payment Beneficiaries
Land acquired and redistributed by the government shall be
paid for the beneficiaries in the thirty equal annual payments at six per
cent per annum interest with the first payment due to one year after
resale and two percent interest rebate for amortization paid on time.

Collective or Individual Ownership

Ownership of whole parcels or estates may be transferred to the
farmer beneficiaries collectively or individually, at the option of the
beneficiaries, Provided, than in collective ownership , each beneficiary
shall have an undivided share of the land held on common equivalent
to not more than the application retention limit.
Proclamation No. 131 l, as approved on July 22 1987 instituted a comprehensive agrarian
reform program while Executive Order No. 229 provides for mechanism for the implematation
of such reform program.

1. Article II ( Declaration of Principles and State Policies), Section 21

which provides.
“The Sate shall promote comprehensive rural development and agrarian reform.”

2. Article XII ( National Economy and Patrimony) Section 1, par. 2 which

reads:
“The Sate shall promote industrialization and full employment based on sound agricultural development and
agrarian reform,xxx.”
3. In Article XVIII (Transistory Provision) in Section 22
, it is provided that: “At the earliest possible time, the government shall expropriate idle or abandoned
agricultural lands as may be defined by law, for distribution to the benificiaries of the Agrarian reform program “
President Corazon Aquino enumerated the reasons
for her agrarian reform program in “whereas” to
Proclamation No. 131,
as follows;
1. We have proclaimed the revival and development of the full potential of the
Philippines agricultural to be an economic priority of our new democracy.
2. It is necessary to make our new democracy meaningful by increasing the
productivity of the farming sector and increasing the incomes farmers, regular
farm workers, and all other farm workers.
3. Such an agrarian reform program will encourage the shift of capital land to
industry.
4. Realizing this imperatives , the President declared in 1986 Presidential
campaign the she undertake an agrarian reform program.
Compulsory registration of agricultural lands
Within 180 days from the effectivity of Executive Order No. 229 (15 days after publication in the official Gazette or in a newspaper of
general circulation).All natural and judicial person’s .including government entities, owning, leasing or managing agricultural lands shall
file a sworn statement
This statement shall include among others:

• The description and ares of the property

• The estimated average gross income from the property
• The names of all tenants and regular farmwives therein;

• The crops planted in the property and the area covered by each crop as of June 1, 1987.

• The terms of motygages, leases and management contract subsisting as of June 1, 1987

• The latest declared market value of the land as determined by the City/Provincial assessor
• A sworn declaration of the current fair market value.
Compensation of Landowners
The land bank of the Philippines shall compensate the landowner an amount to
be established by the government, which shall be based on the owners declaration
of current fair market value as provided in Section 4.

Assistance to landowners
Landowners affected by executive Order No. 229 shall be assisted
and provided by the LBP.

Voluntary Land Transfer

Landowners whose lands are subject to the redistribution under
the executive order No. 229 have the option of entering into a
voluntary agreement for direct transfer of their lands to appropriate
beneficiaries under terms and conditions acceptable to both parties
and subject approval of the DAR.
Voluntary offer to sell
The government shall purchase all agricultural lands it deems
productive and suitable to farmer cultivation voluntarily offered for sale
to it at a valuation determined in accordance with section 6, supra.
Such transaction shall be exempt from the payment of capital gains tax
and other taxes and fees. (Sec. 9, E.O. No. 229)

Corporate Landowners
It may give their workers and other qualified
beneficiaries the right to purchase such proportion of the
capital stock of the corporation.
Declaration of Principle and Policies
The CARL of 1998 declared that it was the policy of the States to pursue a Comprehensive Agrarian
Reform Program (CARP).

1. The welfare of the landless farmers and farm workers will receive the highest consideration to promote social
justice and to move the nation toward sound rural development and industrialization and the establishment of
owner cultivatorship of economic-sized farms as the basis of the Philippine agriculture. To this end, with due
equitable distribution and ownership of land with due regard to the rights of landowners to just compensation
and to the ecological needs of the nation, shall be undertaken to provide farmers and farm workers with the
opportunity to enhance their dignity and improve the quality of their lives through greater productivity of
agricultural lands
2. By means of appropriate incentives, the State shall encourage the formation and maintenance of economically-
sized family farms to be constituted by individual beneficiaries and small landowners.
3. The state shall be guided by the principle that land has a social function and land ownership has a social
responsibility. Owners of agricultural land have the obligation to cultivate directly or through labor
administration the lands they own and thereby make the land productive.
4. The state may lease undeveloped land of the public domain to qualified entities for the development of capital
intensive farms and traditional and pioneering crops especially those for exports subject to the prior rights of
the beneficiaries under the Act.
LAND
ACQUISITION
TYPES OF LANDS ACQUIRED UNDER CARP;
• Rice and corn under PD 27/EO 228
• Idle or abandoned lands
• Lands foreclosed by private and government financial institution
• Private agricultural lands
• Public lands suitable for agriculture
• Lands acquired by PCGG
• Lands used by multinational corporations.
TYPES OF LANDS NOT COVERED BY
CARP
• Lands not suitable for agriculture
• Lands classified as mineral, forest, residential, commercial, or
industrial.
• Lands classified and approved as non-agricultural before
June 15.
• Lands that are exempt pursuant to Section 10 RA 6657
• Lands devoted to poultry and swine
• Lands retained by the landowner
Retention of the Landowners under
CARP
The constitution grants the landowners the right to retain a
portion of their lands covered by agrarian reform. Under the CARP, the
the landowner is entitled to retain a maximum of 5 hectars . The only
exceptions are the following;
Land Ownership
Ceiling
The landownership ceiling is 5 hectares. A person
who does not own agricultural land cannot buy more
than 5 hectares. A person who own hectare of
agricultural land can buy only upto 4 hectares. This is
the line with the State’s objective of controlling and
democratizing landownership as a natural resource.
Qualification of the Landowners child for
3 hectares award

To qualify for 3 hectares awards, the child of the

landowner must be;
• At least 15 years old as of June 15, 1988, the effectivity of
RA 6657
• Actually tilling the land or directly managing the farm
from June 15, 1988 up to the time of land acquisition.
Program implementation of the
CARP
1. Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR) is the leading agency of CARP
implementation, which aims to facilitate farmer benefeciaries to
own lands.
2. Presidential Agrarian Reform Coordinating Committee
(PARCCOM) is the highest policy making body that is incharge in
facilitating effective delivery services to farmers.
3. Presidential Agrarian Reform Council (PARC) is in charge with
the province implementation of the CARP
4. Barangay Agrarian Reform Council (BARCO) is in charge with
the task of acting on matters related to agrarian reform for the
barangay level.