DIFFERENTIAL GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM

MARRI LAXMAN REDDY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

AND MANAGEMENT

PRESENTED BY : Dr.N.UDAYA KUMAR

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Agenda
 Abstract
 Introduction
 History of DGPS
 How DGPS system works
 Error Possibilities in GPS
 Advantages
 Limitations
 Applications
 References

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 Abstract
 Normal GPS (Global Positioning System) is not
accurate enough for the applications.
 For greater accuracy, a Differential GPS system will be
implemented. To do this, two GPS units are required.A
base station with a known position sends error correction
data to a mobile unit.
 The error correction data is sent wirelessly through a
radio link.
 The data can be viewed on a laptop,computer for
statistical analysis.

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 Introduction
What is DGPS
DGPS is a satellite-based for Navigation.
DGPS improves the GPS position and speed
measurements.
DGPS provides perfect location within 10 cm.

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 T h e military requires very precise measurements across
their Battle scene.

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 History of
GPS
 Global positioning system is developed and funded by US
Government and managed by department of defense.
 1973 - Decision to develop a satellite navigation system for
military.
 1974 -1979 Conducted system tests by US air force and
navy.
 2000 – Final deactivation of SA to give positional accuracy of
20M from 100M.
 2005 –Launching of the IIRM GPS satellite that supports the
new military M signal and the second civil signal L2C.

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 History of
DGPS
 This technique was developed in the early 1980s, and it is widely
used in various forms.

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 DGPS in
Detail
 DGPS is a method of improving the accuracy of your receiver
by adding a local reference station to augment the
information available from the satellites. It also improves the
integrity of the whole GPS system by identifying certain
errors.
 Differential GPS uses one unit at a known location and a
rover.
 The stationary unit compares its calculated GPS location with
the actual location and computes the error.
 The rover data is adjusted for the error.

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 Types of DGPS System

1) Real-Time DGPS
2) Satellite Differential Services

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Real time
DGPS

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Satellite Differential
Services

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Error Possibilities in
GPS
 The receiver is not synchronized with the atomic clock in the
satellite.
 The estimate of the position of the satellite.
 Multi path errors : Ghost signals from Multi path errors:
Ghost signals from reflected radio waves.
 Not free sight to many enough satellites.
 Noise in the receiver.

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Source Of Errors in GPS
Error Value

Ionosphere 4.0 meters

Clock 2.1 meters

Ephemeris 2.1 meters

Troposphere
0.7 meters
Receiver
0.5 meters
Multipath
1.0 meter
Total
10.4 meters

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 GPS
Errors
Noise Error
Baises Error
Blunder Error
Clock Error

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 Equipment
Used
Two Novatel® RT-20 Receivers
Operate at 1575.42 MHz
1 2 Channel Receivers
Two Free Wave® Radios
Operate at 928 MHz
2 0 mile line of sight range
Laptop, Computer

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 Components of
DGPS
 Master receiver and rovers
 Master receiver is kept at known point.
 Relative position of rovers are fixed with respect to
the master receiver.

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 How DGPS System
Works

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 Errors Removed by
DGPS

GPS DGPS

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 Errors Removed by
DGPS
Signal Noise 0-30 meters All Removed
Clock Drift 0-1.5 meters All Removed
Multipath 0-1 meters All Removed
Ephemeris Data 1-5 meters All Removed
Troposphere 0-30 meters All Removed
Ionosphere 0-30 meters Mostly Removed

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Advantages
 DGPS helps to know perfect location on the earth.
 Provide accurate data within a minute.
 GPS is quite accurate however using DGPS pushes its
accuracy even further.
 GPS/DGPS makes A/L guidance every precise as oppose to
ILS (Instrument Landing System)and MLS(Microwave
Landing System).

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Limitations
 The coverage area to take advantage of DGPS is limited.
 To ensure greater coverage area more DGPS stations need to
be added.
 The position accuracy degrades as the separation between
DGPS and aircraft GPS-Rx increases.

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Applications
 Air Navigation
 B y using it a pilot can receive constant information
about where the plane is in 3 dimensions.
 Weather forecasting
 Where atmospheric information can be gained from its effects on
the satellite signals.
 Train Control
 For such things as avoiding collisions and routing.
 Marine, Ship Navigation
 By using it a ship can receive constant information about current
location and parking location on port.

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References
Website :
 www.en.wikipedia.org
 www.dgll.nic.in
Location :
 Hazira DGPS Station

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