AUTOMATED CONSTRUCTION BY CONTOUR

CRAFTING TECHNOLOGY

SRINIVAS B V 1RN16CV051

UNDER THE GUIDANCE:

ARJUN P
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

RNS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

(Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University ,Belagavi ,Karnataka)
Dr .Vishnuvardhan Road, RR Nagar , Bengaluru – 560 098
 CONTENTS

•Introduction
•Contour Crafting
•Literature Survey
•House Building Process
•Characteristics
•Applications
•Advantages and Disadvantages
•Huashag Tengda: Mansion
•Conclusion
•References

Department of civil engineering, RNSIT, Bengaluru 1

 INTRODUCTION
• Contour crafting is a building printing technology being
researched by Behrokh Khoshnevis of the University of
Southern California's Information Sciences
• NASA funded a small study at the University of Southern California
to further develop the Contour Crafting 3D printing technique.
• After 3 years of research came out with the new process of building
construction which replaced “cast-in-place” to layer by layer
approach.
• The aim of this technology is to improve the speed, safety, quality
and cost of construction.

Department of civil engineering, RNSIT, Bengaluru 2 3

 CONTOUR CRAFTING

CC is an additive fabrication technology by using

computer control.

CC is a layered fabrication method which combines ancient

surface forming concepts with modern robotics technology.

Department of civil engineering, RNSIT, Bengaluru 3

 CONTOUR CRAFTING Cont…

• A single house or colony of houses each with

possibly different design may be automatically
constructed in a single run by the help of computer
control.
• Conduits for electrical, plumbing and air
conditioning are embedded in cc construction.
• It provides better surface quality & high speed
fabrication.

Department of civil engineering, RNSIT, Bengaluru 4

 LITERATURE SURVEY
AUTHORS TITLE DESCRIPTION

Hrishekesh V. Patil Contour Crafting (A This paper aims at methodology for

et al Management Tool process planning and optimization in
for Swift order to efficiently construct complicated
Construction) large-scale structures by Contour Crafting
systems using different hardware
configurations.

Ali Mokhtari et al Automatic Paper aims to describe the operational

Construction by steps of creating a whole building by the
Contour Crafting machine reviewing relevant literature.
Technology
William J. Leonard Case Study on 3D This paper will analyze implementation
Printing strategies used on three different
Implementation construction projects using 3D printing and
Strategies will evaluate what made them successful
and what
challenges were faced.

Department of civil engineering, RNSIT, Bengaluru 5

 HOUSE BUILDING PROCESS

Department of civil engineering, RNSIT, Bengaluru 6

 HOUSE BUILDING PROCESS Cont…

Department of civil engineering, RNSIT, Bengaluru 7

 HOUSE BUILDING PROCESS Cont…

Department of civil engineering, RNSIT, Bengaluru 8

 HOUSE BUILDING PROCESS Cont…

Department of civil engineering, RNSIT, Bengaluru 9

 CHARACTERISTICS
1. DESIGN FLEXIBILITY
• The process allows
architects to design
structures with functional
and exotic architectural
geometries.

2. UTILITY CONDUITS
• These may be built into
the walls of a building
structure precisely based
on the CAD data.

Department of civil engineering, RNSIT, Bengaluru 10

 CHARACTERISTICS Cont…
3. AUTOMATIC TILING OF FLOORS AND WALLS

4. AUTOMATED PAINTING
• After layer wise construction of walls a spray painting
robotics manipulator, attached to cc main structure
paint each wall according to desired specification.

Department of civil engineering, RNSIT, Bengaluru 11

 CHARACTERISTICS Cont…

5. AUTOMATED REINFORCEMENT

Department of civil engineering, RNSIT, Bengaluru 12

 CHARACTERISTICS Cont…
6. AUTOMATED PLUMBING
• For plumbing, after fabrication of several wall
layers, a segment of copper pipe is attached
through the constructed conduit onto the lower
segment already installed.

Department of civil engineering, RNSIT, Bengaluru 13

 CHARACTERISTICS Cont…
7.AUTOMATED ELECTRICAL & COMMUNICATION
UTILITIES
• Conductive elements for power and communication lines
are imbedded in polymeric blocks and are assembled
robotically to form the desired electrical and
communication networks.

Department of civil engineering, RNSIT, Bengaluru 14

 APPLICATIONS
1. APPLICATIONS IN EMERGENCY HOUSING

• Can deliver houses to disaster victims very rapidly.

• 200 sq. foot house in less than 24 hours.

• Uses in-situ construction materials, saving the time

and cost.

• Automated process, labor needs are minimized.

Department of civil engineering, RNSIT, Bengaluru 15

 APPLICATIONS Cont…
2. LOW INCOME HOUSING
• It can reduce cost of financing by reducing the
duration of project. can decrease about four times
of the construction cost because of its simplicity,
materials’ saving and short time productivity (10
houses in one day, for example).
• Can reduce the cost of materials, because it is
waste less process.
• Can reduce the labor cost.
• Can save the life of labors, because it is very safe
method of construction.

Department of civil engineering, RNSIT, Bengaluru 16

 APPLICATIONS Cont…

3. SPACE TECHNOLGY

• Laboratories or manufacturing facilities is the key

element for long-term human survival on the
Moon or Mars.
• Contour Crafting technology has the potential to
build safe reliable, and affordable lunar and
Martian structures.
• Systems are being developed that exploit in situ
resources and can utilize lunar regolith as
construction material.

Department of civil engineering, RNSIT, Bengaluru 17

 ADVANTAGES
• Economical
• Environmental friendly
• Great architectural flexibility
• High speed of construction
• No wastage of materials

DISADVANTAGES
• The foundation has to be built using Traditional
Methods.
• High Switching Costs for Construction Companies.

Department of civil engineering, RNSIT, Bengaluru 18

 HUASHAG TENGDA : MANSION
• In Beijing ,the Chinese construction company HuaShang Tengda constructed a
400-square-meter mansion using 3D concrete printers to complete this project
in just 45 days.
• This project is especially impressive because the mansion is earthquake proof
and can withstand quakes up to magnitudes of 8 on the Richter scale.
• The walls of the mansion are 250 mm thick and were printed using
approximately 20 tons of C30 concrete.

Department of civil engineering, RNSIT, Bengaluru 19

 CONCLUSION

• Due to its speed and its ability to use in-situ

materials, Contour Crafting has the potential
for immediate application in low income
housing and emergency shelter construction.
• Construction machines built for Contour
Crafting may be fully electric and hence
emission free.
• There are numerous research tasks that need to
be undertaken to bring the CC construction
technology to commercial use.

Department of civil engineering, RNSIT, Bengaluru 20

 REFERENCES
REFERENCE

1. Hrishekesh V. Patil (2019) “Contour Crafting (A Management

Tool for Swift Construction)”
2. Ali Mokhtari (2018) “Automatic Construction by Contour
Crafting Technology”
3. William J. Leonard (2017) “Case Study on 3D Printing
Implementation Strategies”

Department of civil engineering, RNSIT, Bengaluru 21