Agricultural sector in Pakistan

 As old as man profession. Means

cultivation. Opened avenues of
livelihood.
 Mainstay of Pakistan economy.22 %
of GDP and 44.8% of employment is
generated with it.
 At the time of partition, Punjab was
regarded as bread master or granary
of subcontinent.
 Progress in Agri Sector
 Remained Sluggish from47-53 due to influx of
refuges. Allotment of non-agri refugees caused
much harm. Water logging and salinity
increased the decline in this sector during 51-
57
 Pak had to import 1M ton of wheat to meet
acute food shortage. Planners decided to
develop agriculture along with industry. Annual
growth rate in agri sector was 1.3% while
population growth rate was 2.6% during 1955-
58.increase in food chain was negligible during
this time. Cotton increased 2% an jute5%
 Importance of Agriculture
 Major contribution to GDP. At top among
other sectors of economy.
 Food Availability. Population rising at 3%
PA rise.7th biggest country on the basis of
population. Providing wheat ,vegetables,
edibles.
 Supply of raw materials to industries.
 Big source of employment
 Industrial development
 Source of earning foreign exchange.
 Extended markets
 Greater potentialities.
 Strategic importance.
 Supply of labor forces
 Source of revenue
 Per capita food. Calories available are
2306.Less as compared to developed
countries . To increase nutrition status
agri sector is very important.
 Cultural aspects: An agri oriented
society. Cultural activities of rural areas
are competition of live stock, tent
pegging and festivals
 Problems of Agri Sector
 Instead of wide spread importance,
This sector is backward. Yield per
hector is less than many developing
countries. Problems can be divided in
to 3 sectors/
 Techno Economic Factors
 Natural factor

 Socio Economic Factors

 Techno Economic Factors
 Low yield
 In adequate infra structure
 Un economic land holdings
 Lack of mechanization
 In adequate supply of agricultural inputs
 Scarcity of irrigation water
 Limited cultivable area:79.6 M hectors of
land.1/4 are is cultivable.
 Water logging and salinity
 Shortage of agricultural finance
 Low cropping intensity: Means no of
crops grown on piece of land. Area under
double crop is limited.
 No proper crop rotation
 Slow growth of allied products
 In adequate agricultural research
 Un stable market price
 Problem of land reforms
 High ratio of population dependant on
land
 Less use of fertilizer
 Lack of professional knowledge
 Natural Factors
 Plant Disease
 Shortage of quality seeds
 Natural calamities
 Soil erosion: means washing away of
upper surface by floods water and
excessive rain in hills.
 Socio economic factors
 Consumption –oriented society. Spend
more than needed on marriages. death
and birth
 Farmer’s Litigation: Courts and police
station
 Poor housing and health facilities
 Lack of cold stores and ware houses
 Problems of Agricultural marketing
 Remedies
 Farm
mechanization
Chemical Technology Mechanical Technology

Plant Protection Tractor Thrashers Bulldozers

 Cooperative
farmig.
Farmers pool their Marketing

resources in order
to carry out Transportation Processing Storage Grading
\

agricultural
operations
 Controlling water logging and salinity
 Plantation
 Better facilities of irrigation
 Availability of quality seeds
 Plant Protection
 Adequate use of fertilizers
 Agricultural education and research
 Up grading units of cultivation
 Production of oil seeds and live stock
development
 Facilities in rural areas
 Proper crop rotation