ROADS AND

PAVEMENTS
 ROADS
A road is a thoroughfare, route, or way on land
between two places, which has been paved or
otherwise improved to allow travel by some
conveyance, including a horse, cart, or motor
vehicle. Roads consist of one, or sometimes two,
roadways) each with one or more lanes and also
any associated sidewalks and road verges. Roads
that are available for use by the public may be
referred to as public roads or highways.
 HIGHWAY PAVEMENT
 durable surface material laid down on an
area intended to sustain vehicular or foot
traffic, such as a road or walkway.
 In the past, gravel road surfaces,
cobblestone and granite sets were
extensively used, but these surfaces
have mostly been replaced by asphalt or
concrete.
Gravel Road Surface
Cobblestone Road Surface
Granite Setts Road Surface
Asphalt Road Surface
Concrete Road Surface
PAVEMENT COMPONENTS

 Sub-grade Course
 Sub-base Course
 Base Course
 Surface Course
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6-1
Sub-grade Course

 The original soil lying below the

layers designated as the base and
sub-base materials. On all road
section, sub-grade consists of
imported materials taken from
nearby roadway cuts or from borrow
pit.
Sub-base Course

 The earth beneath the road, properly

arrange and graded, compacted and
stabilized. It is defined as the supporting
structure on which the pavement surface
and its special under-courses rest.
Base Course

 is the materials laid on top of the sub-base

consisting of crushed stone or gravel,
sometimes mixed with asphalt binders.
Surface Course

 is the material laid over the base

course consisting of Asphalt or
Portland Cement Concrete. It
provides a smooth and safe riding.
Two Types of Pavement

FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT OR
ASPHALT CONCRETE
PAVEMENT

RIGID PAVEMENT OR
PORTLAND CEMENT
CONCRETE PAVEMENT
FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT

 commonly called asphalt, tarmac,

pavement or black top, is a composite
material used in the construction of
roadways and parking lots.
DISADVANTAGE AND ADVANTAGE
OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT

Advantage Disadvantage
 Recyclable  Durability
 Safe  Weather pollution
RIGID PAVEMENT

 Refers to the rigid concrete layer of the

pavement structure that is in direct contact
with the traffic.
 subject to challenging environments and
loads over their life times, so the concrete
must be strong and durable, yet cost
effective and workable
 DISADVANTAGE AND
ADVANTAGE OF RIGID PAVEMENT

Advantage Disadvantage
 Durability and maintenance
free  Paving cost
 life vehicles consume less
fuels
 Maintenance
 Resistant to automobile fuel, problem
spillage and extreme weather
 Greener process  Safety features
 saving of natural resources
THANK YOU!!!