NEW NON-CONVENTIONAL HYBRID CAR

(ELECTRIC POWER DIVIDER) PROPULSION

SYSTEM

BY
ANOOP JOHN
1
CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 TWO TYPES OF NON-CONVENTIONAL HYBRID
CAR PROPULSION SYSTEMS
 EFFICIENCY COMPARISON OF SPLITTING DEVICE
WITH BOTH SYSTEMS
 EFFICIENCY OF ELECTRIC POWER SPLITTING
DEVICE MEASUREMENT
 POWER SPLITTER EFFICIENCY MEASURING STAND
 OBTAINED RESULTS
 CONCLUSIONS
2
 INTRODUCTION
 Hybrid cars use well proved power train systems

 Some systems use power splitting devices in the power train.

 Old system power splitting device - planetary gear connection

with electric generator.

 New system power splitting device– electric double rotor

permanent magnet synchronous generator.

 This paper deals with the new non-conventional ( electric power

splitter ) propulsion system from point of view of its efficiency
3
TWO TYPES OF PROPULSION SYSTEMS

 HYBRID SYSTEM WITH MECHANICAL

POWER DIVIDER

 HYBRID SYSTEM WITH ELECTRIC

POWER DIVIDER

4
 HYBRID SYSTEM WITH MECHANICAL
POWER DIVIDER
 Contains generator, traction motor and an additional
planetary gear.
 Planetary gear- has 3 shafts
i) 1st shaft connected to combustion engine
ii) 2nd shaft drives the generator
iii) 3rd shaft drives the car wheels
 Traction motor is supplied with generator
 This system known as traditional system with mechanical
power splitter
 Combination of mechanical splitting device and electric
generator is too complicated.
5
6
 HYBRID SYSTEM WITH ELECTRIC
POWER DIVIDER
 The combustion engine (COM ENG) drives the electric power
divider.
 Electric power divider- special double rotor synchronous
permanent magnet generator (SGPM)
 First rotor connected with combustion engine shaft and
second rotor is firmly connected with the traction motor (TM)
and with car wheels.
 TM supplied with electric power induced by differential velocity
between the two rotors.
 Parameters of electric power are changed in electronics
converter (EC).
7
8
.

 Incoming power
P1= T1 * 1
(power of combustion engine with torque T1 at angular
velocity ῳ1)

 Power of combustion engine divided into two:

a) power transmitted onto car wheels
Pm= T1 * 2
(T1 transferred onto second rotor rotating at angular
velocity ῳ2 , same as car velocity)
9
 b) Remaining power (Pel) -induced by magnetic field
into electric winding on second rotor.
Pel = P1 – P m=T1 * ( 1 - 2 )

 Pel transferred via EC into the traction motor and added

to Pm on car wheels.
 Combustion engine can rotate with angular velocity –
does not depend from car velocity

10
EFFICIENCY COMPARISON OF SPLITTING DEVICE
WITH ELECTRICAL & MECHANICAL SPLITTING
SYSTEM
 To compare efficiency of both systems – should
determine efficiency of their each components
 Main difference between both systems – elimination of

planetary gear using double rotor synchronous generator

 Assumed efficiency of basic elements:

planetary gear: ηPG=94%

standard synchronous generator: ηSG=94%
double rotor synchronous generator SGPM: ηSGPM=94%
rectifier: ηREC=97%
11
η final PG= ηPG* ηSG * ηREC η final SGPM= ηSGP M * ηREC
= 0.94* 0.94*0.97 =0.94*0.97
= 0.86 = 0.91
12
 EFFICIENCY OF ELECTRIC POWER SPLITTING DEVICE
MEASUREMENT
 Electric power splitter divide incoming mechanical power in
2 ways-1st is electric and 2nd is mechanical.
 mechanical power on input of power splitter
PMIN PS =T1 * 1
 Power divided - power splitter electric power output
PEout PS=
 Power splitter mechanical power output
PMout PS= T2 * 2
 Total efficiency of the power splitter
η=

13
POWER SPLITTER EFFICIENCY MEASURING STAND

14
POWER SPLITTER EFFICIENCY MEASURING
STAND

 Induction motor (IM1) drives power splitter input shaft

 Mechanical torque & revolution of input shaft- measured by
torque & revolution sensor.
 Electrical output of power splitter-measured by NORMA power
analyzer[connected between external rotor & AC/DC converter
(rectifier)]
 Resistive load connected on rectifier output
 Mechanical output is measured –by torque & revolution sensor 2
 Each of IM’s are supplied by frequency converters with
revolution control
 Needed parameters-measured by SPIDER & obtained data send
to PC for calculation. 15
 Torque and revolution sensor
(fig on left)

 Efficiency measuring stand

model (fig at bottom)

16
 OBTAINED RESULTS
 Efficiency measurement range:
- 1000-3000 rev for IM1 & 0-1000 rev for IM2

17
 Curves indicate efficiency is negligible dependant
on power splitter input & output revolutions
(differentials revolutions)
 For low revolutions difference - efficiency
decreasing
 For broad revolutions interval - efficiency changes
are only in 4% range.
 Efficiency collected from large data- 88 to 98%.

18
 CONCLUSIONS
 Confirmation of very good efficiency of synchronous
generator power splitter in broad differential
revolution range
 Achieved efficiency range- 88 to 98% higher than
estimated efficiency
 Efficiency of electric power splitter device larger than
that of mechanical power splitter.
 Electrical splitting device- 3-5% higher efficiency than
planetary gear and electrical gear combination
 Electric power divider is very good solution for power
transfer from primary combustion engine to car wheels
19
 REFERENCES
 [1] H. D. Lee and S. K. Sul, " Fuzzy-Logic-Based Torque Control Strategy for
Parallel-Type Hybrid Electric Vehicle," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,
vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 625-632, August 1998.
 
 [2] Pavel Mindl," Non-conventional hybrid car propulsion system "16th Int.
Conference on Electrical Drives And Power Electronics, Czech Technical University,
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Slovakia, September 24 – 26, 2007
 
 [3] K. Benlyazid, L.U. Gökdere, E. Santi, C.W. Brice and R. Dougal,"Hybrid Electric
Vehicle: A Simulation Study," Proceedings of IASTED Conference on Modelling and
Simulation (MS'99), Philadelphia, PA,, May 5-8, 1999.
 
 [4]www. wikipedia.com

 [5] ] A. Harson, P. H. Mellor, D. Howe, " Design Considerations for Induction Machines
for Electric Vehicle Drives," Proceeding of IEE Seventh International Conference on
Electric Machines and Drives, University of Durham, U.K., September 11-13, 1995, pp.
16-20..
20
 
21