The F- Distribution

Presented By:
Munaza Bashir
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 What is statistical inferences?

 What are the branches of statistical inferences?
 How can we define estimation?
 What is the purpose of hypothesis testing?
 Name some parameters which we have already
tested by hypothesis testing?
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Assumption for ‘t distribution’

 We use the ‘t distribution’ to test the hypothesis
about the difference between two means under the
assumption that we have “equal variance”
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F-Distribution

Positively skewed distribution

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Today we will learn about

 F-distribution
 How to apply F-distribution ?
 General procedure for testing of hypothesis about
equality of variances.
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Tests based on F-Distribution

The following tests of hypothesis are based on the F-
distribution:
1.Testing a hypothesis about the equality of two
variances.
2.Testing a hypothesis about the equality of k(k>2)
population means.
3.Testing a hypothesis about linearity of regression.
4.Testing a hypothesis about various correlation
coefficients.
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Testing of hypothesis about the

equality of two variances
The procedure for testing of hypothesis about
population variances σ12 & σ22 are equal, consists of
the following steps:
1.Formulation of hypothesis
HO: σ12 / σ22 = 1 (that is HO : σ12 = σ22 ).
Against
(a) H1: σ12 / σ22 > 1 (b) H1: σ12 / σ22 < 1
(c) H1: σ12 / σ22 ≠ 1
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5. Critical region
Critical region depends upon alternative
hypothesis. As we have three types of
alternative hypothesis. According to them
critical region will be:
6. Conclusion
Reject Ho if computed value of F lies in
critical region otherwise accept Ho
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F-distribution can be used to test the equality of

two variances.
Range of F-distribution is 0 to ∞
It is positively skewed distribution.
We have six steps to test the equality of two
variances.
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What is F-distribution?
What is the null hypothesis of two variances?
What is the alternative hypothesis of two variances?
What is the test statistic for two variances?
What is the critical region for one tail alternative?
What are the degree of freedoms for F-test?
What is the range of F-distribution?
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Apply the F-test by using numerical of

exercise
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Today we have learned F-Distribution.

Tomorrow we will discuss confidence interval for
two population variances.
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