Other Factors

to Consider in
Fiction
1. Subject
It is simply the main topic
or main point of a fiction.
2. Theme
It is the central idea
or ideas explored in the
story.
3. Point of View
It is how people view the
world, how they see things,
how they want things to be,
how they put colors on the
world that they see.
3. Point of View
• It is also called as the
perspective.
• It is the angle, the perception
or the position that a person
takes to tell a story.
 Classification
(Point of View)
a. First Person
• The story is told by the
narrator from his or her
point of view.
• The writer may use the
pronoun “I”.
Two Angles of First Person:
• Objective first person –
The story is narrated by a
fictional character who plays a
minor role in the story or isn’t
present at the story at all.
Two Angles of First Person:
• Subjective first person –
The first-person narrator is
the main character or one
of the main characters, in
the story.
b.Third Person
• The writer is merely an
observer and uses
pronouns in the third
person.
Three Perspectives of Third Person POV:

• a. Omniscient third person – the

narration sees, knows, and usually
reveals everything about the
characters in the story. It is godlike
because like an all – powerful, all –
knowing deity.
Omniscient
• The writer-narrator sees
all; he can see into the
minds of characters and
even report everyone’s
innermost thoughts.
b. Objective third person – the narration
simply describes what the characters do and
say.
It is like a video camera , recoding and
reporting everything it sees but allowing the
readers to make up their own minds about
the characters’ feelings, thoughts and
motivations.
c. Close third person – also
known as the limited third
person or free indirect
discourse, wherein the
narration uses third person
pronouns .
c. Close third person – It
gets inside the minds of the
character, but the story is
told from the point of view
of only one character.
4. Symbolism
• Stand for something other
than themselves, they bring to
mind not their own concrete
qualities, but the idea or
obstruction that is associated
with them.
4. Symbolism
• It is using an object, an action,
an event, a place, a person or a
spoken word in writing to signify
new ideas and qualities by giving
them an added meaning usually
to represent an abstract idea.
5. Motif
• It is a sound, an image, an
action or some other figures
that has a suggestive or
symbolic significance and
advances the message of the
story or its theme.
6. Tone/Mood
• The attitudes or mixture of attitude
taken by the writer toward his work:
it can be ironic, friendly, informal,
angry, humorous, jeering, solemn,
impersonal, nostalgic, or some
combination of these.
Plot Devices
 Plot Devices
1. Chronological Order
2. Medias Res
3. Flashback
4. Foreshadowing
5. Stream of Consciousness
 Chronological Order
• It starts from the
beginning of the events.
 Medias Res
• This starts at the middle of
the story.
 Flashback
• Past events are
shown to justify the
conflict at present
and use to reveal an
information to
understand
character’s nature.
 Foreshadowing
• A device to give a sign
of something to come
its purpose is to create
suspense, to keep the
readers guessing what
will happen.
 Foreshadowing
• Its main function is to build
up anticipation in your
reader’s mind so that a
dramatic tension is created
that the readers want to
read more and would want
to know what will happen
next.
 ACTIVITY
• Prepare a “Kalyeserye”
considering the other
factors of fiction and by
choosing one of the
plot devices.
Rubrics
• Concept 35 points
• Utilization of the Devices and
Techniques 25 points
• Communication Skills 20 points
• Creativity/Originality 20 points