TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP:

INNOVATIVE PROGRAMS
Entrepreneurship consists in:
 starting up new companies (start-up entrepreneurship)
 carrying out new strategic initiatives within existing business
(corporate entrepreneurship or intrapreneurship).
Entrepreneurship represents the essential lever to cope with
the new global « hypercompetitive » landscape :

DECREASED ABILITY
CHANGE COMPLEXITY INCREASED TO FORECAST
RISK THE FUTURE
 ENTREPRENEURIAL CAREER CHOICE: DETERMINANT

FACTORS

 In your country, which one of these factors is the top priority of

your Chamber’s entrepreneurial policies and activities? Which
other should also be improved?
 WHAT IS ENTREPRENEURSHIP?

 Economists tend to agree that entrepreneurs, associated with innovation, are

the driving forces of economical development;
 Psychologists, sociologists and anthropologists underline the entrepreneur’s
personal characteristics of creativity, risk-taking, need for achievement,
internal locus of control;
 Operations management specialists see entrepreneurs as good distributors
and coordinators of resources;
 Finance specialists define entrepreneurs as people able to evaluate and
calculate financial risks;
 Management specialists think that entrepreneurs develop visions to organize
their activities and excel at organizing people and using resources;
 Marketing specialists define entrepreneurs as people who identify
opportunities, differentiate themselves and adopt customer-oriented thinking.
 ENTREPRENEURS VS MANAGERS
 

High
   

 
  Inventor
Creativity   Entrepreneur
 
and  
Innovation
 
     
 
  Promoter Manager,
   
  administrator
Low
General management skills, business know-how, networks High

(cf. BIRLEY, S. MacMILLAN, I.C., 1997)

 FOR THOSE OF YOU WHO WANT TO EVALUATE THEIR

ENTREPRENEURIAL PROFILE: fill in the entrepreneurship scale.
 ENTREPRENEURSHIP :
EDUCATION, TRAINING & RESEARCH

The first course on entrepreneurship was offered at the

Harvard Business School in 1947.
The number of universities & business schools with
entrepreneurship courses has increased from fewer than 10 in
1967 to more than 400 today ; the first doctoral graduates in
entrepreneurship and small business appeared in the 1980s.
More than 1000 publications appear annually in the field of
entrepreneurship, related to more than 50 conferences and
published in 25 specialized reviews.
 TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP: POSITIVE
IMPACT IN PRACTICE

 In the search for more and better ways to develop

entrepreneurs, the role of education and training is absolutely
essential.
 The entrepreneurship research literature has demonstrated
that entrepreneurs with a good entrepreneurial education tend
on the whole to be noticeably more successful than those with less
entrepreneurial education, and even more successful when
entrepreneurial education combines with experience.

Nevertheless, consensus is still lacking on what entrepreneurship

education training (EET) should consist of.
 TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP:
CORE ISSUES

WHY : role of entrepreneurial education & training

FOR WHOM: students vs adults , learning styles

WHO SHOULD TEACH IT:

WHAT: courses’ content - professors / entrepreneurs
- profile & competencies

HOW: educational approaches TRAINING AND EDUCATIONAL

- methods and objectives RESSOURCES:
- design of the curriculum - books, databases, case studies
- human and financial resources

EVALUATION’s outcomes
- how to measure educational effectiveness?
- short term/long term results: what indicators ?
 CCIP AND TRAINING FOR
ADVANCIA
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Develop Entrepreneurial Potentials
(INCUBATOR ; VOCATIONAL TRAINING)
Create New Profiles of Entrepreneurs
and new contexts for entrepreneurship
(MASTER).

Transfer Skills to Create New

develop new TECOMAH ESCP- EAP Profiles
enterprises and ESCF CCIP of
help new Intrapreneurs/
entrepreneurs Managers
establish their (STEGE).
business.

HEC

Develop the skills of established entrepreneurs (CESA)

Develop Family Business (CESA)
Develop Start-ups (Challenge +).
 TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP :
GROUP DISCUSSION

 What kind of entrepreneurship education and training

programs do already exist or will be developed in the near future
by your Chamber?
 ADVANCIA –
« MAISON DE L’ENTREPRENEURIAT»

 THE PARIS CHAMBER OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY, the larger

Chamber of Commerce in France, launched Advancia (december the 1st, 2004).
 MAIN PURPOSE: to build an important educational institution entirely
dedicated to business’ start-up and take-over.
 POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL AND REGIONAL CONTEXT: to help attain
the goal of creating 1 million new French entreprises in the next 5 years; to
develop the entrepreneurial spirit, skills and motivation.
 PROJECT ORIGINALITY: unique pedagogical offer, incubator (30 new
projects/year), research centre on entrepreneurship (pluridisciplinary studies -
entrepreneurial management and intrapreneurship, entrepreneurial humanities), an
international summer school for young entrepreneurs (july 2005).
 TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP –
TWO COMPLEMENTARY APPROACHES

• PROCESS • COMPETENCE
MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT
Rationalization & Motivation enhancement &
improvement of risk-taking development of
and decision-making strategies entrepreneurial competences

Operational project Competences acquisition and

management plan (action development plan (self-evaluation, co-
planification and monitoring) evaluation, hetero-evaluation)
pedagogical design of
ADVANCIA - CCIP
 TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP:
ADVANCIA – CCIP (1)

ADVANCIA’s entrepreneurial training program key objectives:

the acquisition of a transversal business vision and experience
the development and management of the entrepreneurial spirit and creativity
PEDAGOGICAL DESIGN – action-oriented curriculum

In order
to become

   1. Entrepreneur (start-up or take-over of an enterprise)

2. «Intrapreneur» or an entrepreneurial manager
      3. Promoter of entrepreneurial culture and/or politics (policy maker,
researcher, lobbyist)
CAREER OPPORTUNITIES – 3 profiles
 TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP:
ADVANCIA – CCIP (2)

CONTINUED UNDERGRADUATE GRADUATE

EDUCATION EDUCATION EDUCATION

2005-2010 2005 2005-2007

Management
Seminars Finance Master
Studies
Incubator and Training in
Programmes Entrepreneurial Studies
Entrepreneurial
Studies
3-6 months Fundamentals Designing
sessions and Entrepreneurial one’s own
2-15 days Certificate Humanities Entrepreneurial
sessions and diploma (1st year) Profile
courses
 THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MASTER IN
ENTREPRENEURIAL STUDIES

Survey about needs in entrepreneurial trainings

Consultation of academics sent to professionals Consultation of entrepreneurs

List of entrepreneurial competences

+ List of entrepreneurial specific knowledge
(‘référentiel’)

Graduate Education:
Master in Entrepreneurship
Courses and options Training in project
management
Internships:
1. As an intrapreneur/promoter of entrepreneurial culture + politics
2. As an entrepreneur

Actors of the programme: Teachers, Private coaches,

Professionals coaches from the CCIP, Enterprises, Associations,
Administrations
 TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP:
ADVANCIA – CCIP (3)
THE MASTER IN ENTREPRENEURIAL STUDIES

PROGRAM’s originality:
 to develop general managerial competences and to encourage a diversity of
entrepreneurial profiles (variety of students’ social and educational backgrounds
and entrepreneurial projects).
 to improve and manage personal and group creativity (critical thinking,
creativity techniques, team building, etc.).
 ADVANCIA’S MASTER
IN ENTREPRENEURIAL STUDIES:
THE LIST OF COMPETENCES

Entrepreneurship is more than just starting and managing a business.

 the ability to create and build something new (an organization, an association,
a network, a business, etc.)
 the ability to identify and evaluate an opportunity
 the ability to build a founding team
 the know-how to find and control resources (often owned by others)
 the willingness to take calculated risks, both personal and financial, in order to
succeed.
 PLEASE TAKE A LOOK AT THE COMPETENCE LIST OF ADVANCIA’S MASTER
AND THINK OF YOUR OWN NATIONAL CONTEXT: Which one of these competences do
you regard as the most / the least important? What other competences would you add to that
list in order to adjust our program to your own country’s needs?
 ADVANCIA’S MASTER
IN ENTREPRENEURIAL STUDIES:
THE COURSE LIST

COURSES:
FUNDAMENTALS & OPTIONS
(management, entrepreneurial humanities)

COMPETENCES’ ACQUISITION (focus on reflection)

COMPETENCES’ DEVELOPMENT (focus on action)

PROJECT MANAGEMENT, INTERNSHIPS, INCUBATOR

 PLEASE TAKE A LOOK AT THE COURSE LIST OF ADVANCIA’S MASTER AND

THINK OF YOUR OWN NATIONAL CONTEXT: what other courses would you add to that
list in order to adjust our program to your own country’s needs (TARGET: lobbyist profile)?
Which one of these courses would you remove from the list?
 ADVANCIA’S INCUBATOR:

A BUSINESS CULTURE & ENVIRONMENT (1)

 COACHING SESSIONS – ENTREPRENEURS’ INTERVENTIONS

(creativity, personal development)
 TEAMWORK (project management)
 EXPERT CONFERENCES – TEACHERS & EXTERNAL GUESTS
(financial issues, law, national & international regulation systems,
communication strategies, networking, etc.)

ALUMNI :
sponsoring & networking for new entrants.
30 projects each year (3-6 months).
 ADVANCIA’S INCUBATOR:
A BUSINESS CULTURE & ENVIRONMENT (2)

PARTNERS: CCIP and the TOWN COUNCIL of PARIS

Main criterium for project selection:
the potential impact on the economical development of the
region (project’s originality and job creation potential)

AFTER THE INCUBATOR

BUSINESS NURSERY
CCIP business nursery: Paris Solleillet
 Business start-up and development
 International development counselling
 Information and training services
 « THE IDEAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
TRAINING PROGRAM » - TEAMWORK

In teams of 3 or 4 members, choose one of the Advancia’s two

programs for entrepreneurship training (the Master in
Entrepreneurial Studies or the Incubator) ; take it as a reference
point and try to adapt it to your country’s business and political
environment, as well as to your students’ potential expectations.

 Write down a list of potential expectations of students in your

country who might attend an entrepreneurial training program.
 Design an alternative entrepreneurial training program for a
target from your country (students/adults/unemployed people) :
brainstorming session (« the ideal entrepreneurship
program »).
 Share with us your entrepreneurship training ideas
(brainstorming’s results).