ACLEDA INSTITUTE OF BUS​​

INESS st
1 Mini-Project
Topic : Sentence Fragments
Lecturer’s name: Sok Sovanchandara

Group 5
-Khem Sokleap
-Chem Sokim
-Pheorn Sreykat
-You Lita
Content
I. Sentence Fragment
II. Choppy Sentence
III. Ron-on Sentences
IV. Comma Splices
V. Stringy Sentences
I. Sentence fragments

A sentence fragment is an incomplete

sentence because it lacks a subject, lacks
a verb.
Types of sentence fragments
There are 4 types of sentence fragments

1. Subordinate Clause Fragments

2. Participle Phrase Fragments
3. Infinitive Phrase Fragments
4. Incomplete Sentence
1. Subordinate clause fragments
A subordinate clause fragment because it
starts with a subordinators.
 SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
after because lest till
although before now that unless
as even if provided until
as if even though since when
as long as how so that whenever
as much as if than where
as soon as in as much as that wherever
as though in order that though while

RELATIVE
RELATIVE PRONOUNS
ADVERBS
what that
which whatever when
who whichever where
whom whoever
whose whomever why
Here are some examples:
Because I hate you.
Do you fully understand this sentence?
We are not sure about this sentence statement. That is a fragment. Moreover,
Because = subordinate conjunction
I = subject
hate = verb
Here are some examples:

Where I stand.
Relative subject verb
Adverb

All these are Subordinate Clause Fragments.

Fixing subordinate clause fragments part 1
When you have a subordinate clause fragment, removing
subordinator.

Because I hate you.

Removing because makes the thought complete.

Fixing subordinate clause fragments part 2
But if you want to keep subordinate conjunction, you need to add
another sentence to give enough information:

because I hate you.

I don’t want to be your friend

Because I hate you, I don’t want to be your friend.

2. Participle phrase fragments
A participle phrase fragment will begin with a word
ending in ing or ed.
For example:
Singing on the concert. Singing = Present Participle

Studied in the restroom. Studied = Past Participle

Fixing participle phrase fragments part 1
One way to fix a participle phrase fragment is to add main
clause (subject and verb).
Here is such a fragment:

Singing on the concert.

John is singing on the concert.

Fixing participle phrase fragments part 2
We can also use Main clause with comma, plus Participle Phrase
Fragments.
Singing on the concert.

John is awesome, singing on the concert.

OR

Singing on the concert, John is awesome.

3. Infinitive phrase fragments

An infinitive phrase will begin with an infinitive [to

+ verb].
For example:
To buy some milk.

To be honest.

To quit smoking.
Fixing infinitive phrase fragments part 1
An infinitive phrase fragment can be fixed by combining the
infinitive phrase with the main clause.

I went to the supermarket . To

to buy some milk.
Main Clause Complete thought Infinitive phrase fragment

OR

To buy some milk, I went to the supermarket.

Fixing infinitive phrase fragments part 2
Another way to fix it is by adding a subject and the verb.

ITo
buybuy some milk.
Infinitive thought
Complete phrase
4. Incomplete sentence (no subject or verb)

• Fragment
Ex: the president of the U.S. in the White House.
• Correct:
Ex: the president of the U.S. lives in the White House.
II. Choppy sentence
Choppy sentences are too short sentences which come together. They are
hard to understand
Correct Choppy sentence
 III. Run-on sentences

• What is run on sentences?

 Definitions

• A sentence with too much information but not enough punctuation

is a Run-on sentence.
 Example
I was sitting on my bed listening to the radio when my roommate came in and
complained about the noise which she said was disturbing her because she
was trying to work and I just stared at her because the radio was on low and
besides she has her TV on so loud all the time that I can’t sleep but I don’t
complain about it because I ‘M trying to get along with her so she will stay in
the house with me and continue to share the rent because I can’t afford to live
here by myself.
 Correcting
I was sitting on my bed listening to the radio when my roommate
came in and complained about the noise. She said that I was
disturbing her because she was trying to work. I just stared at her
because the radio was on low and besides she has her TV on so loud
all the time that I can’t sleep. However, I don’t complain about it
because I’m trying to get along with her. Therefore, she will stay in
the house with me and continue to share the rent because I can’t
afford to live here by myself.
IV. Comma Splice
When you join two independent clauses with a comma and no
conjunction, it’s called a comma splice.

Ex: I love apple, I want to buy apple. (Comma Splice)

Ex; I love apple, so I want to buy apple. (Correct Comma Splice by using FANBOYS)

Ex: I love apple; I want to buy apple. (Correct Comma Splice by using semicolon)
V. Stringy sentences
Stringy sentences are made up of serval complete thoughts
strung together with words like ‘and’, ‘so’, or ‘but’. Stringy
sentences are so long that the reader forgets the beginning of
the sentence before reaching the end.
Stringy sentences
Stringy:
Ex: My best friend's name is Vutha and he lives next door and so we do
many things together.
Revised: My best friend's name is Vutha. He lives next door, and we do
many things together.
Revised: My best friend's name is Vutha, and he lives next door. We do
many things together.
Thanks for your attention!!